AIM:To study and compare the outcomes of coaxial 2. 2 mm phacoemulsiflcation with conventional coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery.
METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with age - related cataract:coaxial 2. 2 mm micro - incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases (50 eyes), and coaxial 3 mm small incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases ( 50 eyes) . Statistical analysis was takenwith the data of the two groups. Visual acuity, VF and QOL were compared at intervals of 1wk and 3mo after surgery. In addition, surgically induced astigmatism ( SIA ) was analyzed. Statistic analysis was taken by Student's t-test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS:There was no significant difference on BCVA (t=-1. 366, -1. 688; P=0. 148, 0. 107) between these two groups. One week and 3mo after the surgery, SIA was (0. 46±0.29)D, (0. 43±0. 26)D in the 2. 2 group; and (1. 55±0. 59) D, (0. 89±0. 28) D, in 3. 0 group. The differences between these two groups were statistically significant ( t=-7. 348, -3. 788; P = 0. 000, 0. 000 ) There were no statistically significant differences on VF scores between two group, while it's got a better score in 2. 2 groups on vision adaptation. (t=-3. 348, P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Coaxial 2. 2mm micro-incision cataract surgery could significantly reduce SIA and obtain morestable status of VF and QOL. This suggests that the coaxial 2. 2 phacoemulsification surgery implanted AkreosMI60 intraocular lens could get earliervisual rehabilitation postoperation.

Objective To evaluate the anti-infection effects of biodegradable implant for sustained release of cefuroxime,which can be implanted into the anterior chamber in rabbits. Methods The implants for sustained release of cefuroxime were prepared with appropriate mixtures of cefuroxime axetil(CAE),poly(lactic-glycolic) acid(PLGA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone by solvent evaporation method.Fifty rabbits were selected and divided into experiment group(n=35) and control group(n=15).The concentrations of cefuroxime in aqueous humor 0.5,1,2,6 and 24 h after subconjunctival injection of 125 mg cefuroxime were measured in control group,and those in aqueous humor and plasma 1,2,3,5,7,14 and 28 d after implantation into anterior chamber were detected in experiment group.Besides,for experiment group,the intraocular pressure before and after the implantation were obtained;the inflammation of anterior chamber was routinely observed by slit lamp;and cornea tissues were harvested for scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. ResultsThe concentration of cefuroxime in aqueous humor in control group reached the highest at 0.5 h after injection of cefuroxime(47 736.18 ng/mL),while that was extremely low 24 h later(10.92 ng/mL).The concentrations of cefuroxime in aqueous humor were higher than 500 ng/mL within 7 d after implantation,and that was very low at d28(59.20?39.05 ng/mL).And the plasma concentrations of cefuroxime had been at lower levels ever since the implantation(

Zuotai (gTso thal) is a typical representative of Tibetan medicines containing heavy metals, but there is still lack of modem safety evaluation data so far. In this study, acute toxicity test, sub-acute toxicity test, one-time administration mercury distribution experiment, long-term mercury accumulative toxicity experiment and preliminary study on clinical safety of Compound Dangzuo were conducted in the hope of obtain the medicinal safety data of Zuotai. In the acute toxicity test, half of KM mice given the lethal dose of Zuotai were not died or poisoned, and LD50 was not found. The maximum tolerated dose of Zuotai was 80 g x kg(-1). In the subacute toxicity test, Zuotai could reduce ALT, AST, Crea levels in serums under low dose (13.34 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and medium dose (53.36 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), with significant difference under low dose, and increase the levels of ALT, AST, MDA, Crea in serums under high dose (2 000 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)); besides, the levels of BUN and GSH in serums reduced with the increase in dose of Zuotai, indicating a significant dose-effect relationship. In the one-time administration distribution experiment, the content of mercury in rat kidney, liver and lung increased after the one-time administration with Zuotai, with a significant dose-dependent relationship in kidney. In the long-term mercury accumulative toxicity experiment, KM mice were administered with equivalent doses of Zuotai for 4.5 months and then stopped drug administration for 1.5 months. Since the 2.5th month, they showed significant mercury accumulation in kidney, which gradually reduced after drug withdrawal, without significant change in mercury content in liver, spleen and brain and ALT, AST, TBIL, BUN and Crea in serum. At the 4.5th month after drug administration, KM mice showed slight structural changes in kidney, liver and spleen tissues, and gradually recovered to normal after drug withdrawal. Besides, no significant difference in weight gain was found between the Zuotai group and the control group. According to the findings of the clinical safety study of Dangzuo, after subjects administered Dangzuo under clinical dose for one month, their serum biochemical indicators, blood routine indicators and urine routine indicators showed no significant adverse change. This study proved that traditional Tibetan medicine Zuotai was slightly toxic, with a better safety in clinical combined administration and no adverse effects on bodies under the clinical dose and clinical medication cycle. However, long-term high-dose administration of Zuotai may have a certain effect on kidney.
Adult ; Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Young Adult

This article reviews the advances in the research of the structural characteristics and the activating process of heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1), the factors that influence the expression of HSF-1, and the relationship between HSF-1 and the expression levels of NF-κB and heat shock protein (HSP). The expression of HSF-1 could be regulated in several stages in the course of interconversion between its active and inactive status. Unusual expression of HSF-1 mediated by NF-κB can lead to the quantitative and functional change of HSP. The quantitative and functional variation of HSP caused by regulation of HSF-1 could influence the normal synthesis and the pathological changes induced by excessive synthesis of protective proteins in cells under stress. We expect that further research would help elucidate novel pathways about the genesis and evolution mechanism of keloid, and it may finally help to find a novel strategy in the treatment of keloid.
Animals ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat Shock Transcription Factors ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy of biased constitution patients treated by auricular point therapy on the basis of "preventive treatment" theory.

METHODSBy means of self-control, 1477 cases of biased constitution were regulated by auricular point sticking therapy or acupuncture, and follow-up and statistical analysis were conducted to observe the efficacy.

RESULTSThere were 322 markedly effective patients, 914 effective patients, 241 failed patients and the total effective rate was 83.7% (1236/1477).

CONCLUSIONThe comprehensive auricular treatment which is easy to operate and acceptable for patients has obvious effect in biased constitution patients. As a new direction of the "preventive treatment" theory, it can be promoted to be a new intervention way of health care.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Preventive Medicine ; Young Adult

With the increasingly more serious environmental pollution in China in recent years, effective intervention with PM25-induced health risks has become a major scientific issue to be addressed urgently in medical research field in China. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors that have critical roles in innate immunity. On the basis of study progresses in international cardiovascular disease research "Fine particulate matter exposure is a modifiable risk factor for the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases", and with reference to the current understanding of pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in PM2.5-induced acute coronary syndrome, this study intended to investigate whether intracellular pattern recognition NL-RP3 plays a important role in the inital event of PM2.5 induced vessel inflammation as a foreign matter in the process of plaque destabilization and to thoroughly explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for PM2.5-induced acute cardiovascular events. On the other hand, it also studies the feasibility of using traditional Chinese medicine to treat plaque destabilization cause by PM2.5 exposure and discuss it's pathogenesis and intervention strategy based on TCM theory. This paper in order to provide scientific basis for social focal issues in public health proactively and offers the references for relevant research.
Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Animals ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; mortality

The aim of this research is to investigate the protection of PM2.5 infected RAW264.7 cell by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)--Shenlian(SL) extracts and to establish the damage model. We use cell growth, cell damage and oxidative stress related markers, and inflammatory cytokines as observation index to evaluate the protection of PM2.5 infected RAW264.7 by SL extract. The results showed that 50 mg x L(-1) PM2.5 could cause cell particle deposition, inhibit the growth of cells, and significantly increase the cell supernatant of LDH, NO release quantity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level during 4 h and 24 h. In the intervention of SL extract 50, 25, 10 mg x L(-1), the particle deposition of RAW264.7 cells, cell supernatant of LDH, NO, IL(-1) beta release, MCP-1 was significantly decreased, the SOD activity increased significantly. It shows that SL extracts of PM2.5 infected RAW264.7 cell damage has obvious protective effect, the effect may be related to the direct protection of cells, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory injury.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the composition and morphology of the stones in the enlarged prostatic utricle (EPU).

METHODSWe took out 36 EPU stones from 11 patients by transurethral fenestration between 1992 and 2011, and analyzed the stones by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIS).

RESULTSUnder the scanning electron microscope, all the EPU stones were constituted of many intensive minicrystals and amorphous matrix. XRD and FTIS revealed that all were hydroxyapatite crystal.

CONCLUSIONEPU stones belong to the category of prostatic pseudo-calculi, whose formation is ascribed not to the abnormal change of urine composition, but to the continuous secretion, absorption and concentration of EPU liquid and ablated epithelial cells from the EPU.

Calculi ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; chemistry ; pathology ; Prostatic Diseases ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVEIn order to develop plans for effective intervention measures, prevalence and health-seeking behavior related to reproductive tract infection among floating married women of childbearing age in Fengtai district in Beijing were studied.

METHODSCross-sectional study was carried out. Two thousand and sixty-nine eligible women were randomly selected from strata based on their home provinces. From June to July 2001, the subjects were given face-to-face interview at the Fengtai family planning clinic in Beijing using standard questionnaire followed by gynecologic examination and laboratory tests.

RESULTSThirty point three percent of the subjects were found to have reproductive tract infections (RTI) by laboratory tests. Prevalence rates of bacterial vaginosis, candida and trichomonas vaginitis were 22.2%, 4.9% and 2.1% respectively. Prevalence rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum and syphilis were 2.2%, 1.6%, 0.5% and 0.2% respectively. Of these infected women, only 43.1% (270/626) were symptomatic, and 61.5% (166/270) of these women with symptoms had sought treatment.

CONCLUSIONCompared to other results in the literature, we found a relatively high prevalence of RTI in our study population. Only a small proportion of these infected women were symptomatic but only few of them sought treatment. We suggested that the provision of more family planning service and promotion of RTI knowledge to the floating women of childbearing age.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Travel ; Trichomonas Vaginitis ; epidemiology ; Urban Health ; Vaginitis ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Vaginosis, Bacterial ; epidemiology ; Women's Health Services

BackgroundEndothelium allotransplantation is the primary treatment for corneal decompensation. The worldwide shortage of donor corneal tissue has led to increasing pressure to seek an alternative for surgical restoration of corneal endothelium. Compressed collagen (CC) gels have excellent biocompatibility, simple preparation course and easy to be manipulated. This study aimed to form a new biomimetic endothelium graft by CC.

MethodsWe expanded bovine corneal endothelial cells (B-CECs) on laminin-coated CC to form a biomimetic endothelium graft. Scanning electron microscope was used for ultrastructural analysis and tight junction protein ZO-1 expression was tested by immunohistochemistry.

ResultsThe biomimetic endothelium graft, we conducted had normal cell morphology, ultrastructure and higher cell density (3612.2 ± 43.4 cells/mm). ZO-1 localization at B-CECs membrane indicated the bioengineered graft possess the basic endothelium function.

ConclusionsA.

biomimetic endothelium graft with B-CECs expanded on CC sheet was constructed, which possessed cells' morphology similar to that of in vivo endothelial cells and specific basic function of endothelium layer. This method provided the possibility of using one donor's cornea to form multiple uniformed endothelium grafts so as to overcome the shortage of cadaveric cornea tissue.