To observe the curative effect of treating small -incision cataract extraction by intraocular lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy for primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract.
●METHODS: Totally 44 cases (52 eyes) of primary angle-closure glaucoma combined with cataract were selected to undergo the combined surgery, in order to observe the patients' pre - and postoperative eyesights, intraocular pressures and the postoperative complications.
●RESULTS: The postoperative eyesight was improved significantly as compared with the preoperative eyesight. The intraocular pressure was declined dramatically. The result was of statistical significance (P<0. 05). All the 52 cases' surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. The surgeries were processed smoothly, with 6 postoperative eyes of anterior chamber inflammation cell response, 3 eyes of anterior chamber fibrinoid exudate, 2 eyes of shallow anterior chamber through mydriasis and treatment with glucocorticoids and non - steroidal eyedrops before absorption, and no complications like malignant glaucoma, cyclodialysis, etc. were reported through mydriasis and pressure bandaging before recovery.
● CONCLUSlON: Treating the primary angle - closure glaucoma combined with cataract through the combined surgery has high reliability and desirable curative effect. The surgical method is simple to learn and applicable for promotion on the basic level.

Sect. Aptera (Gentiana L.) is the plant origin of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) "Qinjiao", which is used to treat rheumatism and pains with a long history. The plants of Sect. Aptera mainly contain iridoids, triterpenes and steroids, and possess anti-inflammatory, analgesia, stomach invigorate and bacteria inhibitory effects, etc. Herein, we reviewed the advances of chemical and pharmacological investigations of Sect. Aptera for further research.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gentiana ; chemistry ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Chemical constituents from the acetone extract of twigs of Manglietia hookeri were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic methods over silica gel and sephadex LH-20, and preparative TLC. The structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis, including NMR and MS spectra. Six eudesmane sesquiterpenes were obtained and their structures were identified as trans-eudesmane-4, 11-diol(1), β-eudesmol(2), (-) -10-epi-5β-hydroxy-β-eudesmol (3), epi-carrisone (4), 6-hydroxy-eudesm-4(14) -ene(5) and gynurenol(6). All the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. Furthermore, the 13C-NMR data of compound 3 were reported for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change and correlation of carbon monoxide/heme oxygenase and nitrogen monoxide/nitric oxide synthase system in atherosclerosis and the influence of the two systems on atherosclerotic progress.

METHODSThe rabbits received 1% cholesterol diet (chol group, n = 8), or 1% cholesterol diet plus L-arginine (L-arg group, n = 8) or L-NAME (L-NAME group, n = 8) by drinking water, or 1% cholesterol diet plus heme-L-lysinate (Heme group, n = 8) or ZnPP-IX (ZnPP group, n = 8) by injection in abdominal cavity for 10 weeks.

RESULTSCompared with those in control group, aortic NO production and expression of NOS decreased markedly; while CO production (P < 0.01) and HO-1 activity increased obviously in chol group. The aortic plaques area was (40.2 +/- 8.9)% in chol group. Compared with those in chol group, aortic areas [(26.6 +/- 9.2)%] reduced distinctly in heme group, aortic CO production and NOS activity increased obviously (P < 0.01) in L-arg group. However, compared with those in control group, HO-1 expression and CO production decreased markedly (P < 0.01) in heme group, while they were not different from those in chol group. Compared with those in chol group, aortic cNOS activity and NO production increased obviously and aortic plaques area [(28.1 +/- 7.7)%] greatly reduced (P < 0.01) in L-arg group. However, HO-1 expression and CO production of L-arg group decreased distinctly compared with those of control group, but they were similar to those of chol group. The aortic c-myc and c-fos expressions in both heme group and L-arg group reduced markedly compared with those in chol group, while they were similar to those in ZnPP and L-NAME group.

CONCLUSIONThe reciprocal relationship between heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide and nitric oxide synthase/nitrogen monoxide system in atherosclerosis may play the inhibitory role against atherosclerotic lesion.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Carbon Monoxide ; metabolism ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rabbits

To optimize the formulation and preparation method of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin and to investigate its pharmacokinetics in rats, the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin was prepared by double emulsification method and the formulation was optimized by orthogonal design. The release characteristics of thymopentin from multivesicular liposome in PBS (pH 7.4) and in plasma were investigated. The multivesicular liposome of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was prepared by double emulsification method. Its pharmacokinetics was evaluated following intramuscular injection in rats. The optimal formulation of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin were formulated with 7.5% glucose in aqueous phase and 2.25 mol x L(-1) triolein, 2.68 mol x L(-1) DPPG and 16.96 mol x L(-1) DOPC in organic phase. The entrapment efficiency of the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin was above 85% and the mean particle size was about 22 microm. The in vitro release of thymopentin from multivesicular liposome in PBS (pH 7.4) and in plasma was found to be in a sustained manner. The release curves were fitted to Higuchi equation. The pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection of the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate in rats showed that the peak concentration of thymopentin was lower and elimination of it was slower significantly than that of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate solution in the same dose. The plasma concentration of thymopentin maintained above quantitative limitation at 120 h after administration of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin. The optimized formulation and preparation technology of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin with higher entrapment efficiency are feasible with good reproducibility. Multivesicular liposome of thymopentin showed significant sustained-release property following intramuscular injection in rats.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glucose ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Male ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylcholines ; chemistry ; Phosphatidylglycerols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thymopentin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Triolein ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the etiologic characteristics of bacillary dysentery found in Henan province, between year 2009 and 2010.

METHODSIn order to explore the distribution of bacterial types, drug susceptibility and the virulence gene carrier situation, 482 strains of Shigella isolated in Henan province between 2009 and 2010 were pathogen-detected and analyzed by serotype screening, anti microbial sensitivity test and PCR methods.

RESULTSThe 482 isolated strains were confirmed to be Shigella by both morphological and biochemical tests. The Shigella strains were divided into 13 serotypes in 2 groups, namely Shigella flexneri (B group) accounting for 72.0% (347/482) and Shigella sonnei (D group), accounting for 28.0% (135/482). The detection rate of Serotype F2a, as the dominant type of Shigella flexneri, decreased from 43.4% (106/245) in 2009 to 33.8% (80/237) in 2010; while the detection rate of Shigella sonnei increased from 13.1% (32/245) to 43.5% (103/237) in the same period. The results of microbial sensitivity tests carried out in year 2009 and 2010, both showed that over 98% of the 185 studied strains were resistant to ampicillin (AMP), trimethoprim-pyrimidine (TMP), tetracycline (TE), streptomycin (S) and nalidixic acid (NA).182 strains were recruited in the virulence factors detection, 67.6% (123/182) of which carried Shigella Enterotoxin 1B (set1B), Shigella Enterotoxin 2 (set2), invasive plasmid antigen H (ipaH) or invasion-related virulence factors (ial) and 24.2% (44/182) of which carried 3 virulence factors mentioned above.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalent serotypes of Shigella in Henan province have changed in recent years. The isolated strains showed high resistance to common antibacterial drugs and generally carried virulence factors.

China ; epidemiology ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Serotyping ; Shiga Toxins ; genetics ; Shigella ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study an epidemic of human lung plague fulminant from September to October, 2004 in Nangqian county, Qinghai province.

METHODSCases were diagnosed through data from epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological, serological and autopsy studies.

RESULTS14 patients were identified, ending up with 6 deaths and 8 cured. The first case was diagnosed as primary pesticemia late progressed to lung plague. 4 cases were transformed from pesticemia out of 13, leaving the 9 cases as primary lung plague. Situation was under complete control through routinely handling the plague focus.

CONCLUSIONThe first case was bitten by the infected fleas which parasitized the marmota preyed on a dog but later these fleas were brought into the tent by the dog. The others cases were infected through droplets or dust. Programs on monitoring and controling the amount of marmotas and fleas should to be strengthened to prevent the epidemics of plague in the area.

Adult ; Animals ; Biopsy ; Cattle ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Dogs ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plague ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; transmission

Objective To analyze the relationship between the abdominal fat and the progress of carotid atherosclerosis in the subject ageing 51-100 years.Methods 140 subjects receiving health examination in the department of health of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2015 to 2016 were included in the research.The abdominal fat area and distribution were calculated according to abdominal CT,and the progress of atherosclerosis in carotid artery was determined by ultrasound.Results In the population of 51-100 years old,there were no statistically significant difference in abdominal fat area and distribution among carotid artery plaque thickening group,arteriosclerosis nori-progressing group and plaque reducing group;In the population of 51-80 years old,the total abdominal fat was significantly higher in carotid artery plaque thickening group than in arteriosclerosis non-progressing group and plaque reducing group (P=0.05,P =0.03),abdominal visceral fat area also increased,but no significant difference was found (P＞0.05),and no significant differences in abdominal fat distribution was found (P＞0.05.Conclusion The less total area of abdominal fat is,the slower the progress of atherosclerosis in carotid artery is in the population of 51-80 years old.

Objective To analyze the changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with SPECT in depressive patients, and explore the diagnosis value of rCBF imaging for depression. Methods The rCBF imaging was detected by single emission computed tomography (SPECT) on 32 depressive patients and 10 normal subjects, and the characteristics of rCBF changes were assessed with a region-of-interest (ROI) technique. Normal MRI scans were conducted on 11 patients at the same stage. Results Abnormal rCBF was showed in 31 patients with 71 focuses that were located in the bilateral frontal lobe (9), the basal ganglia (5) and the limbic system (57), including the temporal lobe, the hippocampus, the cingulated gyms and the left insular cortex. All abnormalities presented a decreased rCBF except the basal ganglia. No differences in the incidences of abnormal rCBF were found on bilateral hemisphere (χ~2=2A09,P=0.790). Only 3 MRI-detected patients (2 with gently encephalanalosis, 1 with hippocampus atrophies) were found abnormality, while abnormal rCBF was observed in all these 11 patients. Conclusion Most depressive patients show a decreased rCBF at the cerebral limbic system, but part of them exist an increased rCBF at the basal ganglia. The changes of rCBF in depressive patients are sensitively observed by SPECT, suggesting its diagnosis values on depression.

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify the pathogen that caused an outbreak of viral encephalitis in Henan province in 2010; and to analyze the genetic characteristic of gene viral protein1(VP1) on the viral strains isolated.

METHODSDuring the period of the outbreak of viral encephalitis in Lushan county, Pingdingshan city, Henan province, eight hospitalized patients were recruited in the study. All the patients' feces samples were collected. Three patients' cerebrospinal fluids samples and another four patients' serum samples were collected separately. The virus in the samples were isolated and identified by enterovirus (EV) combined serum. The VP1 gene of the positive isolate was amplified by reverse transcriptase PCR method, and its nucleotide sequence was detected and the genetic evolution was analyzed.

RESULTSFifteen samples were collected in total, including 8 feces samples, 3 cerebrospinal fluids samples and 4 serum samples. The results of Fluorescence Quota PCR detection showed that 11 out of 15 samples were positive; 2 strains of virus were isolated from 2 feces samples and the serotype were all Coxsackie-positive identified by the EV combined serum. The full-length VP1 genetic sequences were all 849 bp, and showed 77.1% - 96.9% similar to the nucleotide and 95.8% - 100% similar to the amino acid of CoxB5. The analysis showed that the genetic evolution tree was just the same with Genotype-D.

CONCLUSIONCoxB5 whose genotype was Genotype-D, was the pathogen that caused the outbreak of viral encephalitis in Lushan county, Pingdingshan city, Henan province.

Disease Outbreaks ; Encephalitis, Viral ; virology ; Enterovirus B, Human ; isolation & purification ; Genotype ; Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction