Objective:To evaluate the effects of intermittent change the angle of operating table on the skin in pressure areas of patients in prone position.Methods:A total of 150 hospitalized patients for elective surgical treatment in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from January 2019 to June 2019 were selected as subjects. The patients were divided into control group, 15° test group and 30° test group by random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine intraoperative pressure ulcer prevention measures, the 15° test group on the control group, the itinerant nurses adjusted the angle of the operating table according to the left 15°-supine-right 15° every half hour, and the 30° test group on the control group, the itinerant nurses adjusted the angle of the operating table according to the left 30°-supine-right 30° every half hour. The incidence of surgically related pressure ulcers and doctors' satisfaction with the surgical position of the three groups of patients were evaluated.Results:Pressure ulcers occurred in 8 patients of the control group, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 16%. Pressure ulcer occurred in 0 patient of the 15° test group, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 0. Pressure ulcers occurred in 2 cases in the 30° test group, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 4%. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 10.120, P<0.05). Further comparison showed that the incidence of pressure ulcers was statistically significant between the control group and the 15° test group ( P<0.016 7), while the incidence of pressure ulcers was not statistically significant between the control group and the 30° test group, between the 15° test group and the 30° test group ( P>0.016 7). The results of the postoperative doctors' satisfaction with the surgical body position were (27.880 ± 1.637), (27.520 ± 1.693), (26.920 ± 1.947) points in the control group, the 15° test group and the 30° test group, there was a statistically significant difference among the three groups ( F value was 3.779, P<0.05). Further comparison showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the score of surgical position satisfaction between the control group and the 15° test group, between the 15° test group and the 30° test group ( P>0.05). The satisfaction score of surgeons in the control group was higher than that in the 30° test group, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusions:Intermittent adjustment of surgical position can reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers and improve the quality of nursing in the operating room without affecting the convenience of the surgeon. The optimal effect was achieved by adjusting the angle of the operating bed according to the left-leaning 15°-supine-right-leaning 15°at an interval of 30 minutes.

A two-step method for the purification of blocking-type anti-human CD80 monoclonal antibody 4E5 from mouse ascites was developed using anion exchange and gel filtration in combination. The ascites was first purified by anion exchange after centrifugation and filtration. The experimental parameters of sample loading and elution were optimized. The optimized loading condition was pH 8.0,50 mmol/L Tris-HCl and satisfactory results were obtained using a 0~0.5mol/L NaCl step elution. The fraction containing the protein of interest was directly loaded on gel filtration column and eluted using a 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer at pH 7.2. The purity of the obtained monoclonal antibody was up to 95% with a recovery of 61%. The purity of mAb could efficiently inhibit the growth of Daudi cells. The amplification of the method was also studied using a Bio-Scale Q5 column and the result was satisfied.

Objective To analyze the status and trends for the prevalence，morbidity，mortality， and DALY of tuberculosis ( TB) in China from 1990 to 2017，so as to provide scientific basis for TB pre- vention and control． Methods From 1990 to 2017 in China，the United States，India，Japan，and the global，the TB ( standardized) prevalence，( standardized) morbidity，( standardized) mortality，and ( standardized) DALY rates were obtained from Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation ( IHME) web- site，and comparative analysis of changes in these indicators with years were carried out． Ｒesults In 2017， the prevalence，morbidity，mortality，and DALY rate of TB in China were higher in the high-age group than in the low-age group． The prevalence，morbidity，mortality，and DALY rates were all higher for males than females． The prevalence was 29 641. 59/100 000 and 28 803. 26/100 000 for male and female，respectively． The male and female mortality rates were 72. 23/100 000 and 44. 85/100 000． The male and female mortali- ty rates were 3. 85/100 000 and 1. 67/100 000，and the DALY rate of male and female were 156. 95/100 000 and 84. 73/100 000． From 1990 to 2017，the prevalence of TB decreased from 32 178. 39/100 000 in 1990 to 29 231. 80/100 000 in 2017，the morbidity rate of TB decreased from 141. 83/100 000 in 1990 to 58. 83/100 000 in 2017，the mortality rate of TB decreased from 13. 82/100 000 in1990 to 2. 78/100 000 in 2017，and the DALY rate of TB decreased from 582. 87/100 000 in 1990 to 121. 60/100 000 in 2017． Conclusions The burden of TB in China declined markedly from 1990 to 2017． Although some progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of TB in China，but there is still a certain gap compared with de- veloped countries． It is still necessary to further reduce the morbidity rate and mortality rate of TB．

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the initiator of RNA interference and inhibits gene expression by targeted degradation of specific messenger RNA. siRNA-mediated gene regulation has high efficiency and specificity and exhibits great significance in the treatment of diseases. However, the naked or unmodified siRNA has poor stability, easy to degrade by nuclease, short half-life, and low intracellular delivery. As an emerging non-viral nucleic acid delivery system, ionizable lipid nanoparticles play an important role in improving the druggability of siRNA. At present, one siRNA drug based on ionizable lipid nanoparticles has been approved for the treatment of rare disease. This review introduces the research progress in ionizable lipid nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, focusing on the effect of each component of lipid nanoparticles on the efficiency of siRNA-mediated gene silencing, which provides new references for the studies on ionizable lipid nanocarriers for siRNA delivery.

In the treatment of hypertensive crisis, the novel Rho kinase inhibitor DL0805-2 can rapidly lower systematic blood pressure, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and has a significant protective effect on lung injury. This experiment intends to evaluate the efficacy of DL0805-2 against pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and preliminarily reveals its underlying mechanism. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into DL0805-2 low, medium, and high dose groups (1, 3, and 10 mg·kg^-1), bosentan positive control group, model group, and blank control group. The drug was administered daily on the 7th day after model establishment by monocrotaline injection. On the 25th day of the experiment, relevant indicators were examined to observe the therapeutic effect of DL0805-2 on pulmonary hypertension. DL0805-2 significantly relieved the abnormal changes in the physiological parameters related to PAH induced by monocrotaline, including reducing right ventricular systolic pressure, alleviating cardiac damage caused by pressure overload, and reducing the levels of endothelin-1 and inflammatory factors in lung tissues. DL0805-2 also attenuated pulmonary arteries remodeling. It was preliminarily discovered that DL0805-2 exerts preventive and therapeutic effect on PAH through Rho-kinase pathway. Our results suggested that DL0805-2 had good therapeutic effects on monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model. It intervened early in the disease process, effectively prevented the development of the disease, and reduced the mortality of the diseased animals. The mechanism is related to Rho-kinase pathway.

Objective：This study was designed to express chimeric anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) antibody in dihydrofolate reductase-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-dhfr-)cells at high-level, and explore an optimum method to obtain high-level expression cells clone. Methods：The light chain and heavy chain genes of chimeric anti-VEGF antibody were induced into CHO-dhfr-cells using a novel eukaryotic high-level expression vectors system for genetic engineering antibodies. High-level expression was achieved after subcloning and several rounds of co-amplification of methotrexate (MTX). Biological features and productive amount of chimeric antibody was charactered by ELISA. Result：The cells strain that secret anti-VEGF chimeric antibody at the highest level of 28 μ g/ml was established. The cells were subcloned following each round of co-amplification of MTX, while greatly different results were obtained using three methods. The chimeric antibody contained constant regions of human immunoglobin and had the specificity against VEGF by ELISA. Conclusion：The anti-VEGF mouse-human chimeric antibody was expressed at high-level successfully in CHO cells. This may be an optimum method to obtain high-level expression cells clone for the eukaryotic high-level expression vectors system.

This study is to investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Uygur medicine bugloss (BTF) on rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and to explore the mechanisms by which it acts. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rats was occluded for 30 min followed by 4 h reperfusion. Meanwhile, BTF dissolved in saline was administered intraperitoneally at dosage of 10, 30 and 50 mg x kg(-1). Electrocardiograph, infarction index, serum myocardial enzymes and heart function were determined to evaluate the effect of BTF. Some other observations were carried out to explore whether inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis is involved in the mechanisms underlying BTF. Our results showed that in ischemia/reperfusion injured rats BTF could dose-dependently reduce myocardial infarction index and myocardial enzyme leakage, and enhance heart function, indicating that it possesses significant cardio protection. ELISA analysis showed that BTF could decrease the content of myocardial inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Western-blotting confirmed that BTF could increase the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of proapoptosis protein Bax. Further more, the phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt was upregulated by BTF treatment. BTF can protect rat against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Anti-inflammation and inhibition of apoptosis through upregulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway may contribute to the protective effect of BTF.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Heart ; Interleukin-6 ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Myocardium ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphorylation ; Protective Agents ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein

Objective To explore the health-related quality of life and the influencing factors among community people after losing the only-child. Method A total of 300 people who came from 30 communities in 5 main urban districts of Kunming involved in the investigation using the medical outcomes study 36-item short form health survey (SF-36)by multistage stratified sampling during September and November 2016. Results The scores of physical component summary,mental component summary and 8 dimensions were significantly lower than those of the norm(all P<0.05).The physical component summary(64.72±18.38),which was higher than that of the mental component summary (51.86±22.95)(P<0.01).Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the higher the personal average monthly income in the recent year was and the longer after losing the only-child, the better the quality of life. Conclusions The health-related quality of life among community people after losing the only-child is lower,the personal average monthly income and the length after losing the only-child are the influencing factors.The community nurses should establish a community nursing service system for them and carry out individualized nursing interventions to improve their health-related quality of life.

Objective To investigate the influences of Chinese herbal remedies (CHR) with the actions of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, and resolving mass and freeing the collateral vessels on renal nephrin-mRNA and ultrastructure in rats with early diabetes. Methods All SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including group 1 (with nephrectomy), group 2 (model), group 3 (with irbesatan), group 4 (with low-dose CHR), group 5 (with mid-dose CHR) and group 6 (with high-dose CHR). The relevant drugs or CHR were given intragastrically to different groups respectively. At the end of 6th week the quantity of 24-hour urine protein (UPro) and kidney function were detected. The pathological changes of renal cortex were observed by using transmission electron microscope (TEM) after HE staining. The expression of nephrin was determined by applying RT-PCR.Results There were pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy observed by the light microscope and TEM in group 2 and 1, which were alleviated in other 4 groups. The quantity of UPro decreased significantly in group 3, 4 and 5 compared with that in group 2 and 6 (P<0.05). The renal function was improved significantly in all treatment groups compared with that in group 2 (P<0.05). In group 3, 4, 5 and 6 the expression of nephrin-mRNA increased significantly compared with that in group 2 (P<0.05).Conclusion CHR with the actions of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, and resolving mass and freeing the collateral vessels have a protective effect on kidney in rats with diabetic nephropathy induced by STZ.

This study purposed to investigate the effects of different oxygen concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the biological characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their possible mechanisms through simulating oxygen environment to which the peripheral blood HSC are subjected in peripheral blood HSCT. The proliferation ability, cell cycle, directed differentiation ability, ROS level and hematopoietic reconstitution ability of Lin(-)c-kit(+)Sca-1(+) BMHSC were detected by using in vitro amplification test, directional differentiation test, cell cycle analysis, ROS assay and transplantation of Lin(-)c-kit(+)Sca-1(+) HSC from sublethally irradiated mice respectively. The results showed that oxygen concentrations lower than normal oxygen concentration, especially in hypoxic oxygen environment, could reduce ROS generation and amplify more primitive CD34(+)AC133(+) HSC and active CD34(+) HSC, and maintain more stem cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase, which is more helpful to the growth of CFU-S and viability of mice. At the same time, BMHSC exposed to normal oxygen level or inconstant and greatly changed oxygen concentrations could produce a high level of ROS, and the above-mentioned features and functional indicators are relatively low. It is concluded that ROS levels of HSC in BMHSCT are closely related with the oxygen concentration surrounding the cells and its stability. Low oxygen concentration and antioxidant intervention are helpful to transplantation of BMHSC.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism