BACKGROUND: This study aimed to observe the effect of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) on tissue perfusion, microcirculation and tissue oxygenation in patients with septic shock. METHODS: Patients with early septic shock (<24 hours) who had been admitted to the ICU of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from September 2009 through May 2011 were enrolled (research time: 12 months), and they didn't meet the criteria of EGDT. Patients who had one of the following were excluded: stroke, brain injury, other types of shock, severe heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, age below 18 years, pregnancy, end-stage disease, cardiac arrest, extensive burns, oral bleeding, difficulty in opening the mouth, and the onset of septic shock beyond 24 hours. Patients treated with the standard protocol of EGDT were included. Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide (PtcO2, PtcCO2) were monitored and hemodynamic measurements were obtained. Side-stream dark field (SDF) imaging device was applied to obtain sublingual microcirculation. Hemodynamics, tissue oxygen, and sublingual microcirculation were compared before and after EGDT. If the variable meets the normal distribution, Student's t test was applied. Otherwise, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used. Correlation between variables was analyzed with Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient method. RESULTS: Twenty patients were involved, but one patient wasn't analyzed because he didn't meet the EGDT criteria. PtcO2 and PtcCO2 were monitored in 19 patients, of whom sublingual microcirculation was obtained. After EGDT, PtcO2 increased from 62.7±24.0 mmHg to 78.0±30.9 mmHg (P<0.05) and tissue oxygenation index (PtcO2/FiO2) was 110.7±60.4 mmHg before EGDT and 141.6±78.2 mmHg after EGDT (P<0.05). The difference between PtcCO2 and PCO2 decreased significantly after EGDT (P<0.05). The density of perfused small vessels (PPV) and microcirculatory flow index of small vessels (MFI) tended to increase, but there were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). PtcO2, PtcO2/FiO2, and PtcCO2 were not linearly related to central venous saturation, lactate, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Peripheral perfusion was improved after EGDT in patients with septic shock, and it was not exactly reflected by the index of systemic perfusion.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of TCM Granules of the detoxification and dissipation blood stasis formula Ⅱon fulminant hepatic mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in rats with hepatic failure.METHODS:The fulminant hepatic failure rat models were established by subcutaneous injection of thioacetamide (TAA).48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:blank control group,model group,low dose group,medium dose group,high dose group,the lactulose treatment group,and the "Bezoar pill for resurrection" treatment group.Intragastric administration was executed 3 d before model-making,twice per day with the interval of 12 hours.They were administered for 11times.12 hours after model establishment.MDA、SOD、CAT、GSH、NO and liver necrosis area in hepatic mitochondria were determined.RESULTS:The detoxification and dissipation blood stasis formula Ⅱcould notably reduce liver necrosis area and restrain produce of hepatic mitochondrial lipid peroxidatide MDA,retrieve the activity of SOD、CAT and increase the content of GSH,NO.Moreover it shows dose-effect relation.Compared with model group,there is statistical significance(P

Objective To discuss the clinical manifestations and CT findings of eosinophilic cystitis in chidren.Methods Nine cases including Six boys and 3 girls,three to 13 years old,mean age of 8.3- year,have symptoms of hematuria,irritative voiding,dysuria and abdominal pain。The eosinophilic cystitis was pathologically proved in 7 patients and eosinophilic granulomatous cystitis in 2 patients,which based on cystoscopic tissue biopsy or surgery retrospectively.Results Local thickened bladder walls or nodular and sessile masses along the bladder dome showed in four cases with eosinophilic granulomatous cystitis,and the diffusely irregularly thickened bladder walls showed on CT scans in the rest 5 cases with eosinophilic cystitis.Conclusion CT findings are helpful to reveal the site,size and other features of eosinophilic cystitis in children.But biopsy of the lesion is necessary to rule out other bladder tumor and selecting the proper management.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in cytokine IL-6, IL- 10 genes and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 381 cases with HBV-related HCC, 340 HBsAg carriers and 359 non-tumor controls. Genotypes of-572 site of IL-6 gene and-819, -592 sites of IL-10 gene were determined by real-time polymorphism chain reaction. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95 confidence intervals(C/s). Results For the G/C alleles of -572 loci on IL-6 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, GG genotype increased the risk of HBV infection (OR=2.171,95% Ch 1.068-4.415), but did not seem to be associated with HCC. For the alleles of-819 and -592 site of IL-10 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, TT genotype increased the risks of both HCC(OR=2.791,95%CI:1.326-5.874), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(0R=3.522,95%CI: 1.707-7.266). When compared with CC genotype on -592 site, the AA genotype reduced the risk of both HCC(OR=0.389, 95% CI:0.173-0.875), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(OR=0.336, 95% CI: 0.154-0.734). Conclusion The SNPs in -572 site of IL-6 gone might be associated with the risk of HBV infection. The SNPs in -819 site of IL-10 gene increased the risk of HCC, but -592 site of IL-10 gene decreased the risk of HCC.

AIMTo increase the cognition of cerebellar functions and the knowledge of neuroimmunology, the effect of cerebellar interposed nuclei (IN), one of three deep nuclei in cerebellum, on lymphocyte function was investigated.

METHODSKainic acid (KA) was microinjected into bilateral IN for lesions of neuronal bodies in the IN. Control rats was microinjected with saline into their IN. On days 8, 16 and 32 following the IN lesions, the lymphocyte number in the peripheral blood was measured by blood corpuscle counter. Meanwhile, lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A (Con A), cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells against YAC-1 cells, and anti-SRBC IgM antibody in the serum were examined respectively by methyl-thiazole-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry and ELISA assay.

RESULTSThe lymphocyte number in the peripheral blood was significantly reduced on days 8, 16 and 32 following the effective lesions of the bilateral IN in comparison with that of control. The Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, the NK cell cytotoxicity to YAC-1 cells, and the titer of anti-SRBC IgM antibody in the serum, were all significantly attenuated on days 8, 16 and 32 following the effective lesions of the bilateral IN in comparison with those of control. There were not remarkable differences between the days 8, 16 and 32 in the decreased lymphocyte number and functions induced by the lesions of the bilateral IN.

CONCLUSIONEffective lesions of the cerebellar bilateral IN of rats cause an inhibition in lymphocyte number and functions of T, B and NK cells, strongly showing that the cerebellar IN can modulate lymphocyte functions.

Animals ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; immunology ; physiology ; Cerebellum ; immunology ; physiology ; Female ; Kainic Acid ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Male ; Microinjections ; Neuroimmunomodulation ; immunology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Staining and Labeling ; methods ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

Objective To assess the feasibility,safety and efficacy of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for tumors at the ampulla of Vater (AV).Methods A total of 15 patients with tumor at AV that were indicated for EP were included in this prospective study.Their clinical profiles,procedural parameters and outcome were evaluated.Results All patients underwent EP procedure successfully.Four patients who were diagnosed as having chronic inflammation in the reference endoscopy were confirmed as having adenoma after EP.Out of the 11 patients who were previously diagnosed as andenoma on biopsy,2 of low differentiated adenocarcinoma,1 of well differentiated adenocarcinoma and 1 malignant transformation were pathologically confirmed after EP.Stents were implanted in 8 patients with dilated pancreatic and/or common bile duct.Except for 2 cases of melena and 2 transient elevated level of blood amylase after EP,no other major complications occurred.Three patients,including 1 case of low-differentiated adenocarcinoma,1 case of malignant transformation and 1 case of lesion residual,were referred to surgery,another patient with low-differentiated adenocarcinoma declined any additional intervention because of old age.In the remaining 11 cases ( 11/15,73.3％ ) including one well differentiated adenocarcinoma,no recurrence was observed during a follow-up period of 23.4 (5 to 47) months.Conclusion EP is a minimal invasive,safe and effective treatment for tumors at AV,which also can provide an accurate staging of the lesion.

A two-step method for the purification of blocking-type anti-human CD80 monoclonal antibody 4E5 from mouse ascites was developed using anion exchange and gel filtration in combination. The ascites was first purified by anion exchange after centrifugation and filtration. The experimental parameters of sample loading and elution were optimized. The optimized loading condition was pH 8.0,50 mmol/L Tris-HCl and satisfactory results were obtained using a 0~0.5mol/L NaCl step elution. The fraction containing the protein of interest was directly loaded on gel filtration column and eluted using a 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer at pH 7.2. The purity of the obtained monoclonal antibody was up to 95% with a recovery of 61%. The purity of mAb could efficiently inhibit the growth of Daudi cells. The amplification of the method was also studied using a Bio-Scale Q5 column and the result was satisfied.