In order to evaluate the clinical significance of the acid-base disturbance complicating hepatic encephalopathy, arterial blood gas and electrolyte levels were determined in 33 patients with encephalopathy due to various hepatic disorders. It was found the respiratory alkalosis occurred in 31 cases(93.9%) and respiratory acidosis complicated with metabolic acidosis in 2 cases (6.06%). In the 31 cases of respiratory alkalosis, there were 4 cases(12.12%) of simple respiratory alkalosis, 18 cases(54.55%) complicated with metabolic alkalosis, 3 cases(9.09%) complicated with metabolic acidosis, and 6 cases complicated with both metabolic alkalosis and acidosis. In addition, the arterial blood pH of 29 cases (87.87%) was above the normal value of 7.45. The main type of acid-base disturbance found in hepatic encephalopathy was alkalosis. Its occurrence was closely related to hypoxemia, hyperammonemia, and elevated blood level of progesterone in the case of respiratory alkalosis and to salt-limited diet and improper administration of diuretics and alkalite drugs in the case of metabolic alkalosis. Metabolic acidosis was usually the result of severe complitions. In alkalosis, there was frequently an elevation of blood free ammonia, which could penetrate the blood-brain barrier easily and induce coma and encephalopathy. Therefore energetic correction of alkalosis would be valuable to prevent hepatic encephalopathy. Effective treatment of the primary disease, correction of hyperventilation.correction of disturbances of blood electrolytes, and administration of arginine hydrochloride and potasium chloride would be appropriate measures in dealing with alkalosis.

Objective To compare the effect of the new and traditional anastomotic modes on the life quality of the patients with esophageal cancer. Methods 400 cases of the patients with esophageal cancer were randomly divided into A and B group. All the patients received the anastomosis of the no imbedding with 3 rows suture through the pathway of thoracotomy allied with left neck,anteriolateral surface of right thorax and the epigastrium middle line. In group A the patients received the anastomosis with esophageal arc amputation and gastric half-arc amputation. In group B the patients received the traditional anastomosis with esophageal horizontal amputation. After operation the amount of taking foods, the width of anastomotic stoma, the amount of barium reflux, pH value of esophagorrhea, 24 hours pH value of esophagorrfea and intraesophageal pressure were measured in both the two groups patients. Results 13 cases of anastomotic fistula happened in all the patients, amounted to 3.25%. 5 cases had infection in the chest with 3 cases dead (1 from Group A, 2 from group B).All obove indices showed remarkable difference between the two groups of the patients except intraesophageal pressure. Conclusion The new anastomotic mode can improve the life quality of the patients with esophageal cancer much more than the traditional anastomotic mode.

Gefitinib and erlotinib play important roles, which as the representative of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).However, preclinical and clinical studies find that many patients exist primary or acquired drug resistance to this drug, which limits the use of molecular targeted therapy drugs.At present, there are many studies focus on delaying or reversing drug resistance and developing new targets, which provide more potential for the molecular targeted therapy of NSCIC.

Objective To assess the application of ultrasonography in prenatal diagnosis of fetal choledochal cysts.Methods The clinical data of 25 fetuses,who were diagnosed as fetal choledocho cysts using ultrasonography and followed up,were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 25 cases,24 cases were confirmed as congenital choledochal cysts after normal delivery or abortion,and 1 case of liver cyst was misdiagnosed.The 24 cases' prenatal ultrasound showed liver cystic space occupying wihich was connected to intrahepatic bile duct or gallbladder.The cysts wall was thin,and the colour Doppler flow imaging CDFI showed that blood vessels circled around the cyst.In 24 fetuses with prenatal choledochal cysts,21 were fullterm birth,3 were aborted including 1 case with other congenital abnormalities.The size of choledochal cysts was not changed in 5 cases,and was enlarged with the gestational ages in remaining 16 cases fetuses.The choledochal cysts did not affect fetal growth and development.The newborn infants with congenital choledochal cysts were treated surgically within 8 months after birth and all recovered well.Conclusion Fetal choledochal cysts have typical sonographic manifestations.Ultrasonography can be used for prenatal diagnosis of congenital choledochal cysts,which can be successfully treated by surgery early after birth.

Objective To observe the anti-tumor effect of ethaselen on transplanted liver cancer(H22)and Lewis lung cancer mice.Methods The transplanted liver cancer(H22)and Lewis lung cancer mice models were established.Each genus consisted of 60 mice,which were divided into control,CTX,and three ethaselen dose groups,respectively,with 12 mice in each.Intraperitoneal injection(ip.)of three dosages was performed once a day through the abdominal wall separately,from the second to the eighth day after cancer was transplanted.On the eleventh day,six mice in each group were killed to calculate the tumor inhibition ratio and observe the cell cycle by flow cytometry,and the others were observed for the life extension ratio.Results When ethaselen was given at the dosage of 25,12.5 and 6.3 mg/kg,the tumor inhibition ratio was 52.5%,43.6% and 30.2%,and the life extension ratio was 56.6%,38.7% and 14.2% in the transplanted liver cancer(H22)mice,respectively.The tumor inhibition ratio was 43.8%,29.6% and 18.9%,and the life extension ratio was 47.3%,17.9% and 6.3% in the transplanted Lewis lung cancer mice,respectively.Compared with that of the control,the apoptosis ratio was obviously increased in each group,and there was obviously induced S phase arrest in 25.0 mg/kg(P

In recent years,China's science research has entered the high-speed development period,which leads to the increase of the investment of science research funds.At the same time,the safety and effectiveness of the science research management and the funds has caused public concern.So the science management of research work including the use of science research funds is of great significance.This paper will analyze the risk of key positions in science research management and put forward corresponding countermeasures,combining the writer's practical experience in hospital.

The origin,distribution,chemical structure and biological properties of okadaic acid are described in this paper.Research prospects of okadaic acid and several research fields with priority are proposed according to the present research progress in China.

OBJECTIVE:To study the enhancing effects of azone at different concentrations on percutaneous permeation of compound tinidazole gel and to find out the best concentration.METHODS:Using vertical Franz-type diffusion cell and dif?ferent concentrations of azone as enhancer,the concentrations of tinidazole,chloramphenicol and salicylic acid in permeation solution were measured by RP-HPLC,then cumulative permeation quantity(Q)was calculated.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Azone at different concentrations could promote the permeability of3ingredients of compound tinidazole gel,and2%azone had the most obvious permeation-enhancing effect.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of dual color fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) in detecting urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.MethodsThe probes of chromosome 3,7,17centromeres and chromosome 9p21 region (p16) were labeled by random primer method.FISH was performed on interphase nuclei of 80 urine specimens of cancer of the urinary bladder and 20 cases of healthy persons served as normal controls.Threshold value was established.The pathological diagnosis was the golden standard.Chromosome aberration was counted.The correlations between chromosome aberration and pathologic grading and staging and their sensibility of diagnosis for urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder were analyzed. Results The rate of numerical aberration of chromosome 3,7,17,9p21 was 47.5％(38/80),60.7％ (49/80),51.3％ (41/80) and 58.8％ (47/80) respectively.The positive rate of the combined use of 3,7,17 and 9p21 chromosome probes for detecting urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder was 76.3％ (61/80).The aberrations had no correlation to tumor stage.The aberration of chromosome 3,7 and 17 were correlated to pathologic grade significantly (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionThe progression of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is related to the aberrations of chromosome.FISH is believed to be a very important method in diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder,which may have important clinical significance for the postoperative recurrence detection and prognosis.

A total of 96 patients with Graves'disease(GD)were followed for one and half years to observe the effect of antithyroid drugs(ATD)treatment.Serum TRAb,total iodine concentration and CD80 mRNA expression of peripheral blood monouclear ceils were measured.Logistics regression analysis was conducted with the combination of above parameters.Those GD patients with high level of TRAb,positive family history of GD, increased expression of CD80 and early age of onset were more inclined to relapse after ATD treatment.