Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of probiotic products on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT) induced intrahepatic cholestasis of rats.Methods Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group(n=8),intoxication group(n=32) and intervention group(n=32).After 3 days adapted feeding,all rats received a single intragastric administration of ANIT(200 mg/kg) to induce acute intrahepatic cholestasis.Probiotics[4.2?108/(kg?d)] was given to intervention group 2 days before ANIT was administrated.After ANIT was given,biliary flow,alanine aminotransferase transaminase(ALT),total bilirubin(TB) and gastrointestinal hormone were recorded in every 48 h till 192 h.SPSS 12.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 1.Forty-eight hours after ANIT was gavaged,the biliary flow of intoxication and intervention groups were lowered while ALT and TB were increased.But the above observation items of intoxication group were more significantly altered than those of intervention group.Then,they all recovered gradually.Those of intervention group returned to nearly normal levels 144 h after ANIT was gavaged while those of the intoxication group recover at 192 h.2.After ANIT was gavaged,MTL of intoxication and intervention groups was lowered while vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) increased.But the above items of intoxication group were more significantly altered than those of intervention group.Then,they all recovered gradually and the intervention group was much more early to returned to normal levels than the intoxication group at 192 h.Conclusions Probiotics can promote the bowel movement through increasing the secretion of gastrointestinal hormone,then relieve the cholestasis.

Objective To analyze the clonal gene rearrangement and complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) repertoire of TCR β-chain in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Methods The TCR CDR3 region genes of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies were amplified by utilizing RT-PCR technology, and the CDR3 lengths of TCR β-chain were analyzed with gene scan technology for 2 cases with lymph node reactive hyperplasia and 3 patients with lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. The clonality of T cells presumed by spectra typing was further confirmed by CDR3 sequencing. Results TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in metastatic lymph node,and only 3-5 TCR Vβ subfamily of T cells were identified, respectively. Clonal expanded T cells, including oligoclonal, polyclonal patterns, in one or more Vβ subfamilies were found in all cases. The oligoclonal expanded T cells had different CDR3 amino acid sequences. Conclusion There are characteristic T cells cloning proliferation and selected usage of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells could be found in metastatic lymph node.The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are mostly different.

Objective To explore mechanisms of sustained and transient effects in encoding processes of emotional memory by examining activation of amygdala via functional MRI and to provide evidence for understanding the underlying neural mechanism related to emotional memory disorders further. Methods Twenty two subjects (aged from 20 to 24 years old) participated in the study and mixed blocked/event-related design was adopted. Sixty negatively emotional pictures and sixty neutral scene pictures were used. Functional MRI scanning was performed while subjects were doing encoding tasks. Behavioral data were acquired during retrieval. Correlation analyses of functional MRI data and simples paired t -test of behavioral performance were performed with SPM2 and SPSS13.0 statistical software,respectively. Results Significant differences of behavioral performance ( t= 2.791,P= 0.01 ) was found between emotional (3.15 ± 0.14) and neutral (2.25 ± 0.08 ) pictures. A whole-brain voxelwise correlation analysis between functional MRI and emotional enhancement effect indicated that the transient effect of emotional enhancement of memory involved the left amygdala, left hippocampus and left lateral orbitofrontal cortex, while the sustained effect involved the right amygdala, right hippocampus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. Region of interest analysis demonstrated that the sustained effect was related to the right amygdala (r= 0.50, P = 0.019 ), which was different from transient effect ( Z = 1.655, P = 0.049 ),while the transient effect was correlated with the left amygdala (r=0.65, P=0.001 ) ,which was different from sustained effect( Z= 2.512, P=0.006). Conclusion Different neural mechanisms are involved in sustained and transient effects of emotional memory encoding. The right amygdala is responsible for sustained effect and the left amygdala is responsible for transient effect ,respectively. The results confirm and extend the model of the left-transient/right-sustained effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-fat diet on fatty acid metabolism, expression and activity of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) in skeletal muscle in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats aged 22-24 months were randomly divided into old control (OC) group and high-fat diet (HF) group. Male Wistar rats aged 4-5 months were selected as young control (YC) group. The rats in OC and YC groups were fed with basic diet, and the rats in HF group received high-fat diet. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Skeletal muscle triglyceride was extracted and measured by an automated biochemistry analyzer. Long-chain acetyl coenzyme A (LCACoAs) were extracted from muscle and measured by a fluorospectrophotometer. Protein expressions of ACC and P-ACC were measured using SDS-PAGE and Western blot techniques. Results (1)Fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and free fatty acid were higher in OC group than in YC group and they increased significantly in HF group. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TO levels were also elevated after high-fat feeding. (2)Glucose infusion rates (GIR) were reduced in OC group than in YC group, and decreased significantly after high-fat feeding. GIR was lower at the end of the 8th week than at the end of the 4th week in HF group. (3) Compared with YC group, skeletal muscle triglyceride and LCACoAs increased in OC group and increased significantly in HF group. (4)No alterations of protein levels of ACC in skeletal muscle were detected among three groups (P>0.05). The protein levels of P-ACC in skeletal muscle were lower in OC group, and much lower in HF group than in YC group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions Compared with young rats, abnormal fatty acid metabolism and insulin resistance always exist in aged rats. High-fat feeding results in a significant increase in lipid content in skeletal muscle. Alterations of ACC activity may contribute to fat accumulation in skeletal muscle and insulin resistance.

Adult ; Ear Canal ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle

Objective To comprehensively grasp the grassroots medical institutions blood transfusion(blood) management present situation,put forward improvement strategy for the universality of existence weak link,the stand-ardized management of clinical blood transfusion to strengthen grass -roots medical institutions to provide necessary theoretical support.Methods 62 grassroots medical institutions blood transfusion(blood)in Yantai district were selected as the research subjects,to set the planning,layout,basic construction standards,related technology and equipment application aspects of quantitative evaluation,preliminary conclusions.Results By examination of 62 grassroots medical institutions transfusion quality management level both in terms of hardware and software facilities, emergency plan formulation,system file support informatization construction,staff education training,etc,found many problems,there was a certain gap between the existing department of blood transfusion standards.Conclusion The current grassroots medical institutions transfusion management is conditioned by the objective conditions,there are many problems,such as not improved,will cause a certain hidden trouble on the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Therefore,should combine their own reality,strengthen the quality of blood transfusion management system construc-tion,and give full play to the supervision and management of the hospital transfusion quality management committee. At the same time,the local administrative department of health also should formulate corresponding policies,ensure transfusion management level significantly increased.

Objective To analyze the restricted usage of TCRβ V/J subfamily and CDR3 repertoire in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (U-PTL).Methods The total RNA was respectively extracted from lymph node of U-PTL and reverse transcriptase,then multi-PCR was used to amplify the complete DNA sequence(CDS) of TCR β-chain.The recombinant plasmids were sequenced and sequence was analyzed by using online TCR resources.Results There were 9 TCR β chain CDS obtained from four patients.TCRβ-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in patients with U-PTL.There were restricted usage of BV2,BV4S2,BV14,BV29S1 of BV subfamily and BJ1S4,BJ2S3,BJ2S5,BJ2S7 of BJ subfanily.The clonal proliferation T cells had different CDR3 amino acid sequences.Conclusions There are restricted usage of TCR β V/J subfamily in patients with U-PTL.The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are mostly different.

Objective To analyze the restricted usage of TCR BV,BJ subfamily and their sequences in patients with breast cancer.Methods The total RNA was extracted from tissues of lymph node metastasis,then reverse transcripted.The complete DNA sequence of TCR β-chain was amplified by multi-PCR.The recombinant plasmids were sequenced by using online TCR resources.Results 5 TCR β-chain CDS were obtained in two patients.TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in metastatic lymph node.There were selected usage of BV 2,BV 14,BV 29S1 of BV subfamily and BJ1S1,BJ2S2,BJ2S3,BJ2S5 of BJ subfamily.The clonal proliferation T cells had different CDR3 amino acid sequences.Conclusions There are selected usages of TCR BV,BJ subfamily in patients with breast cancer.The sequences of CDR3 are mostly different in TCR clone proliferation.

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to high performance separate and prepare lignans from Schisandrae chinensis fructus. The solvent system is composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (9 : 1 : 5 : 5) and n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (9 : 1 : 9 : 5), speed is at 900 r.min-1, and flow rate is at 2.0 mL.min-1. Five fractions from Schisandrae chinensis fructus extract were separated and prepared with one HSCCC process. They were identified as schisandrin, gomisin J, schisandrol B, schisantherin A and deoxyschizandrin by electrospray ionization-multiple tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn), respectively. Their contents were obtained in 98.74%, 94.32%, 99.53%, 94.23% and 98.68% by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), separately. The rapid and simple method can be applied for the preparation of lignans from Schisandrae chinensis fructus.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Styrenes ; analysis ; Workplace