Objective To explore the effects of various location methods on the successful rate of placement nails by the entrance spot of lumbar vertebra pedicle. Methods The clinical data of 105 patients with 462 times of internal nail fixation of lumbar vertebra pedicle were analyzed, and the successful rates of placement nails one time were compared among 5 location methods. Results 462 times of internal nail fixation of lumbar vertebral pedicle were performed safely. Postoperative X-ray imagining showed that 322 nails were located in the middle of pedicle of lumbar vertebra, 58 nails in its inferior part, and 82 nails in its superior part. The successful rate of placement nails one time by the location method of four quadrants technique was 86.9%, which was significantly different compared with the other 4 location methods(P

Objective To explore effects and mechanism of inactivation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in intestinal tumor growth of APCmin/+ mice. Methods To generate APCmin/+VDR -/- mice through breeding, the number and size of small intestinal and colonic tumors were assessed and compared between APCmin/+ and APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice. The intestinal tumors were diagnosed with HE stain. The expressions of BCL-2,vimentin-1,Stat-1 and MSH-2 proteins of tumors were determined by immanohistocbemistry and compared be-tween APCmin/+ and APCmin/+VDR -/- mice. Results A comparison between APCmin/+ and APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice revealed that the number of the tumors, which were larger than 3mm, was significantly increased in APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice at 4 months of age (P< 0.01). HE staining indicated fistulous adenomas from small intestine and colon of two groups, Immunostaining showed Stat - 1 level in APC-min/+ tumors were increased and MSH-2 and vimentin-1 levels in APCmin/+ VDR-/- mice were increased, compared to APCmin/+tumors. Conclusion These observations suggested that inactivation of VDR promoted the intestinal tumor growth of APCmin/+ mice.

Objective To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) on cell cycle,cell proliferation,and invasive capacity of human colon cancer cells of the line SW480,for its role in colon carcinogenesis and development,as well as its application in gene therapy for colon cancer with RNA interference.Methods The recombinant expressing plasmids pEGFP-N1-TGF-?1 was constructed and transfected into SW480 cells by Lipofectamine 2000.The expression of TGF-?1 mRNA and protein in the transfected SW480 cells were detected by fluorescent microscopy,RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively.The cell proliferation of SW480 cells was tested by MTT assay,the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry,and the invasion ability of SW480 cells were investigated by Transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.Results After transfected into SW480 cells,both the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-?1 were effectively increased (P

Objective To explore the relationship between respiratory viruses infection and the episode of steroid responsive simple nephrotic syndrome(SRSNS).Methods Thirty-eight children with SRSNS were selected,including the active stage group(n=28)and the remission group(n=10).The urine from 18 cases of nephritic nephrosis,16 cases of bronchiolitis,15 cases of secondary glomerular diseases and 15 cases of healthy children were served as controls.By using the method of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and alkaline phosphoesterase-anti alkaline phosphoesterase enzyme-linked assay(APAAP),viral genes and antigens in urine were assayed,respectively.Results The positive rate of detecting viruses in the active stage group of SRSNS children was higher than that in the remission group and the other control groups(Pa

Objective To investigate the prevalence of renal insufficiency and its associated factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus with normoalbuminuria using estimated glomerular filtration rate ( eGFR) .Methods We retrospectively analyzed 10-year data of chronic complications in type 2 diabetics in-patient from the Chinese Diabetes Society.eGFR was estimated using the equation from Modification of Diet in Renal Disease(MDRD) study.The clinical characteristics as well as associated factors for low eGFR were analyzed among the normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients.Results A total of 1351 type 2 diabetic patients were included, 755 patients with normoalbuminuria, 466 patients with microalbuminuria and 130 patients with macroalbuminuria respectively.Among the patients, 310 (22.9% ) had low eGFR (GFR <60 ml · min~(-1) · 1.73 m~(-2) ) , 19.7% (149/755) in the patients with normoalbuminuria, 21.9% (102/466) in microalbuminuria and 45.4% ( 59/130 ) in macroalbuminuria Patients with normoalbuminuria and low eGFR suffered more chronic complications than those with normoalbuminuria and normal eGFR, mainly retinopathy, cerebrovascular diseases and sensory neuropathy.Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that age ( OR = 1.042, P < 0.001), diabetic duration ( OR = 1.038, P = 0.045), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.017, P < 0.001) were independently associated with renal impairment among the patients with normoalbuminuria.Body mass index ( OR = 0.868, P < 0.001) and HbAlc (OR =0.898, P =0.021) were also related with renal insufficiency.Conclusion A considerable proportion in type 2 diabetic patients without albuminuria may exist renal impairment, and eGFR estimation could benefit the evaluation of renal function in such patients.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of three types of anesthesia methods in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing unilateral lower extremity surgery.Methods Totally 65 patients with coronary heart disease of cardiac function Ⅰ-Ⅱ (NYHA),scheduled for undergoing unilateral lower limb surgery were randomly divided into three groups:local nerve block anesthesia of lumbar plexus plus the sciatic nerve (21 cases),general anesthesia (19 cases),epidural anesthesia (25 cases).Systolic blood pressure (SBP),heart rate (HR),pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation (SPO2) at 0 min,10 min,20 min,30 min,40 min after surgery at the end of the surgery were observed and recorded.The change of troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) at 3 day after surgery was observed.Visual analoguc scales (VAS) scores.movement reaction,the infortnation of muscle relax and corresponding management were recorded in order to detect anesthesia efficacy.Results The excellent and satisfactory rate of anesthesia efficacy of three groups were 17 cases (81.0％) and 4 cases (19.0％),17 eases (89.5％) and 2 cases (10.5％),22 cases (88.0％) and 3 cases (12.0％) (all P＞0.05).In epiduralgroup compared with other groups,SBP were decreased (both P＜0.05).cTnI in nerve stimulator group was decreased (all P＜0.05) at 1 and 3 day after surgery compared with general anesthesia group,and at 3 day after surgery,cTnI level in nerve stimulator group was lower than other two groups(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The nerve stimulator guided nerve block is the most safe method among general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with coronary heart disease scheduled for lower extremity surgery.

Objective To investigate the impact of anesthetization and manipulation on neurotransmitters glutamate and dopamine during cell transplantation. Methods Neural stem cells cultured in vitro from postnatal rats were implanted into the striatum of normal adult rats. Brain microdialysis combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to dynamically detect the impact of microdialysis probe implantation, anesthetics ketamine and pentobarbital and implanted cells etc on glutamate and dopamine levels. Results After 15 min probe implantation into the rat striatum, glutamate and dopamine levels in the striatum increased, evidently higher than the baseline value and declined to the baseline level within about 5-6 h. Ketamine and pentobarbital anesthetization for 15 rain resulted in a transient increase in glutamate and dopamine levels in the rat striamm;there were no significant effects on in vivo glutamate and dopamine levels by cell implantation itself. Conclusion Routine doses of intraperitoneal ketamine or pentobarbital anesthetization may result in a transient increase in glutamate and dopamine levels within the brain extracellular space. Based on these data, the optimal time for commencing brain microdialysis on glutamate and dopamine should be at least 6 h after probe implantation.

Objective To discuss the influence of two recombinant hemoglobin (rHb1.1 and rHb2.0) and human serum albumin (HSA) on oxygen supply and demand balance in rat with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, CHD model group, HSA treatment group, rHb1.1 treatment group and rHb2.0 treatment group, 20 rats in each group. Rat model of CHD was established by high fat diet combined with pituitrin injection. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 40 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) after femoral arterial blood was drawn from the femoral arteries, and the rats were resuscitated with 13.4% HSA, rHb1.1 and rHb2.0, respectively, at the rate of 60 mL·kg-1·h-1 (20 mL/kg). The changes of electrocardiogram (ECG) ST-segment were calculated before model reproduction and at 12 hours after the last time injection of pituitrin. MAP, heart rate (HR), superior mesenteric artery blood flow (QSMA) and arterial blood gas analysis were recorded at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the administration. The blood was collected after 12-hour fasting, and serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were determined by enzymatic method. The pathological changes in cardiac tissue were observed with light microscope. Results Compared with the normal control group, the changes of ECG ST-segment and TC, TG of model group were significantly increased. Compared with the model group, rHb can significantly reduce the value of ST segment changes, and HSA has no such effect; rHb short-term infusion has no significant effect on blood lipids, but can reduce myocardial pathological changes. Compared with the normal control group, the MAP of the model group decreased significantly, the HR was increased, the QSMA was slowed down, the pH value, the residual alkali (BE), the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and HCO3- were decreased significantly. MAP in rHb1.1 group and rHb2.0 group were significantly higher than those in HSA group. Values of MAP were significantly higher in rHb2.0 group than those in rHb1.1 group at 90 minutes and 120 minutes (mmHg: 80.9±3.3 vs. 69.4±4.9, 79.2±4.0 vs. 69.1±3.7, both P < 0.05). The HR of HSA, rHb1.1 and rHb2.0 decreased to normal in 30 minutes after administration, significantly lower than those in the model group (bpm: 534±46, 518±28, 526±37 vs. 609±52, all P < 0.05). In the rHb2.0 group, the QSMA increased significantly at 60, 90 and 120 minutes compared with the model group (qv·mL-1·min-1: 5.6±0.4 vs. 3.9±0.6, 6.2±0.6 vs. 4.1±0.4, 6.9±0.7 vs. 4.0±0.3, all P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the HSA group and the rHb1.1 group. The pH, BE, PaCO2 did not return to the normal level after administration of HSA; pH, PaCO2 and HCO3- in the rHb1.1 group returned to normal level at 60 minutes after administration, and BE returned to normal level at 90 minutes after administration. Each index in rHb2.0 group can restore to normal levels 30 minutes ahead of. Conclusion Recombinant hemoglobin can significantly improve the oxygen supply and demand balance of rats with CHD model, can quickly and effectively correct the hypoxic state of blood metabolic acidosis, and rHb2.0 has better effect than rHb1.1.

Objective To investigate characteristic skin lesions and typical histopathological changes of adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD) for its early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Clinical data were collected from 8 patients with AOSD,and analyzed retrospectively.Results All the patients had transient rashes and persistent papules/plaques during the course of disease.Of the 8 patients,1 had urticaria-like rashes,3 had dermatomyositis-like rashes,and 1 had prurigo pigmentosa-like rashes.Biopsies were carried out at the sites where transient rashes or persistent papules/plaques occurred.Histopathological findings showed necrotic keratinocytes in the upper prickle cell layer,and perivascular infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the upper dermis.Conclusion The skin lesions and histopathological changes of AOSD are characteristic,which can provide clues to the early diagnosis of AOSD.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and management of parapharyngeal space(PPS)neoplasms. Methods Records of 85 patients with PPS neoplasms operated in 11 years were reviewed with regard to presenting signs and symptoms,histological characteristics,imaging technique,surgical approach and postoperative complica- tions.Results Benign rumors were found in 77 cases and malignant tumors were founded in 8 cases.Forty-one tu- mors originated from salivary glands;neurogenic tumors were found in 36 patients and 8 patients with tumors in oth- er organs.All were treated by surgical operation:the trans-eervical approach was used in 76 cases,tans-oral in 6 cases and the combined transoral-cervical approach in 3 cases.The complications after operation were facial nerve palsy(4 cases),hypoglossal nerve paralysis(2 cases)Horner syndrome(2 cases),vocal cord paralysis(2 cases),thyroid gland fistula(1 case),infects(1 case)and difficulty in breathing(1 case).Conclusion Tumors originated from salivary glands were the most common neoplasms in the primary parapharyngeal space neoplasms,and neurogenic tumors fol- lowed.High-resolution computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was essential for diagnosis and presurgi- cal planning.The transcervical approach was the preferred procedure for PPS tumors.