Objective To investigate changes of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B(NR2B) level and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMK Ⅱ) activities in the hippocampus of vascular dementia(VD) rats and the intervention effects of Memantine.Methods The VD rat models were established by permanent,bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries.The rats were randomly divided into VD group and Memantine-treated group.At 4,8,12,16 weeks after operation,the water maze test was performed to detect the ability of learning and memory of the rats.The changes of NR2B level were measured by RT-PCR.The changes of the CaMK Ⅱ activities were determined by incorporation of 32P into histone.The resoults were compared with the sham-operated group.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,the ability of learning and memory of VD group rats at each time point after operation decreased significantly(all P

Objective To observe the effects of puhnonary rehabilitation on the symptoms and quality of life of persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods COPD patients were recruited from a hospital and community health centers and given pulmonary rehabilitation in the community.The rehabilitation program included health education and nutrition guidance,medication,breathing exercises,and physical exercise.Each patient was followed up every 4 weeks by telephone.The outcome measures included pulmonary function (FEV1％,FEV1/FVC％),St George's questionnaire (SGRQ),the Medical Research Council scale (MRC),Borg scoring,evaluation of anxiety and depression,the six-minute walk test (6MWT),and an evaluation of nutritional status.All of the patients were observed for one year.Results A total of 85 patients completed the program and were included in the final statistical analysis.There was no difference in FEV1 ％ before and after rehabilitation.Six-minute walking distance improved significantly in statistical terms but the average increase was only from (416.1 ±99.84)m to (437.51 ±116.17)m.The SGRQ scores decreased by an average of 4.8 points after a year of rehabilitation,with significant improvements among the moderately and severely impaired.Incidents of COPD exacerbation also decreased significantly.Patients with a low body mass index had the greatest SGRQ score improvments.Few patients showed depression or anxiety in this research population.Conclusions Pulmonary rehabilitation in the community can improve exercise tolerance and the quality of life for persons with COPD,reducing incidents of acute exacerbation.Patients may benefit from such pulmonary rehabilitation regardless of disease severity.The compliance was good despite the infrequent monitoring.Pulmonary rehabilitation in the community is worthy of more widespread use.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma progresses from liver fibrosis and cirrhosis to eventually result in liver failure and distant metastasis.Surgical resection is the preferred method of treatment for liver cancer while interventional treatment and liver transplantation are the choices to treat end-stage liver cancer.Unfortunately,partial hepatectomy and interventional treatment are not ideal due to the resulting consequence of hepatocyte dysfunction.Extensive clinical application of liver transplants is limited by the lack of available donors and high costs.Over the past decade,researches on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)have made remarkable achievements in the medical field.In this review,we summarize the recent progress of BMSCs in the treatment of liver diseases.

Objective To study application of surface plasmon resonance(SIR)system in detection of clinical pathogen with a gene chip.Methods 27 clinical samples were detected by SPR-based gene chip system.These samples were composed by 8 positive blood samples,3 positive pyoid samples,9 positive leucorrhea samples and positive reproductive tract pyoid samples,1 positive biopsy sample and 6 negative biopsy samples.Specific primers and probes for target pathogens were designed by bioinformatics methods and validated by PCR and enzyme-labelled chemiluminescence,respectively.SPR-based gene chip was prepared and utilized to detect clinical samples by SPR system.Results The primers and probes showed good specificity and accuracy,which can be applied to perform PCR and application of the gene chip.Compared with the clinical analysis,gene chip analysis of 26 clinical samples showed the consistent results.Conclusions SPR detection system proved to be accurate and reliable.The chip will have a promising prospect in application.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Injuries ; surgery ; Dilatation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheostomy ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between olfactory bulb (OB) volume, depth of olfactory sulcus (OS) and olfactory function in patients with Alzheimer' disease (AD). METHOD: Fifty patients with AD patients and 50 healthy subjects were examined by olfactory function T&T testing, OB volume and depth of OS assessed with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULT: T&T olfactory testing revealed that AD patients had higher scores than control group (1.50 ± 0.17, 2.80 ± 0.31, P < 0.05). Bilateral and average OB volumes were smaller in AD group [(29.78 ± 5.17) mm3, (30.14 ± 4.87)mm3, (30.05 ± 5.08) mm3] than in control group [(36.65 ± 4.08)mm3, (36.56 ± 4.12)mm3, (36.46 ± 4.11)mm3] (P < 0.01). OS depth study revealed no statistical difference between AD patients and control groups (P > 0.05). Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with average olfactory bulb volumes (r = -0. 711, P < 0.05), and was not correlated with depth of OS (r = -0.127, P > 0.05) in AD patients. CONCLUSION The OB volume were lower in AD patients as compare to controls, the depth of OS has no significant changes in AD patients; The OB volume is correlated with olfactory function, the depth of OS is no correlated with olfactory function. Cognitive impairment degree in AD patients is accordance with the lower degree olfactory function. The olfactory loss may be the earlier period and objective diagnosis indicator for AD patients.
Alzheimer Disease ; complications ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Olfaction Disorders ; complications ; diagnosis ; Olfactory Bulb ; anatomy & histology

Objective To systematically evaluate the relationship between p53 gene codon72 polymorphism and onset risk of prostate cancer (PCa) among Asian population by meta-analysis.Methods The databases of PubMed,Medline,Ovid,Wanfang and CNKI were retrieved for screening the case control trials on the relationship between p53 gene codon72 polymorphism and onset risk of PCa among Asian population.The obtained data were statistically analyzed by using the Stata 12.0 software,moreover the data reliability and publication bias of statistical literature were evaluated.Results The meta analysis showed that the p53 gene codon72 polymorphism had no obvious correlation with PCa onset risk in Asian population.The subgroup analysis results on the control source showed the coden72 polymorphism in P vs.A,PP vs.AA,PA+PP vs.AA models based on the hospital source subgroup could significantly decrease the Pca susceptibility among Asian population[P vs.A:OR =0.680,95 ％ CI(0.546,0.847),P=0.001;PP vs.AA:OR=0.409,95％CI(0.260,0.645),P=0.000;PA+PP vs.AA:OR=0.513,95％CI(0.350,0.749),P=0.001],whereas the codon 72 polymorphism in PA vs.AA and PA+PP vs.AA genotypes in the control source subgroup based on the common population increased the PCa onset risk among Asian population [PA vs.AA:OR=1.664,95 ％CI(1.272,2.177),P=0.000;PA+ PP vs.AA:OR =1.314,95 ％ CI(1.020,1.693),P =0.003 6].The subgroup analysis was conducted according to whether conforming to the HWE equilibrium,the results showed p53 gene codon 72 polymorphosm was a protective factor for decreasing PCasusceptibility among Asian population in the subgroup unconforming to the HWE equilibrium [PP vs.AA:OR=0.251,95％CI(0.135,0.467),P=0.000;PA+PPvs.AA:OR=0.564,95％CI=(0.330,0.964),P=0.036].Conclusion p53 gene codon72 polymorphism has no relation with PCa susceptibility among Asian population.

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of fiberbronchoscope combined with cryotherapeatic equipment in treatment of bronchial foreign body in children.Methods 72 children with bronchial foreign body received fiberbronchoscope combined with cryotherapeatic equipment, then the complications were observed during and after the operation.Results Bronchial foreign bodies were successfully removed in all the patients. Among the 72 cases, transient hypoxia was the most common complication during the operation which happened in 37 cases and most occurred in the small age group, and decreased with the age increasing; cough or worsening of cough was the most common complication after the operation which happened in 20 cases; No serious complications were found during the follow-up.Conclusion Although it has some complications when bronchial foreign body received the fiberbronchoscope combined with cryotherapeatic equipment, but the operation time is short, and the complication is mild. It has great application value and security.

The stems and branches of Hypericum petiolulatum were extracted by alcohol and liquid-liquid extraction. Seven furofuran lignans were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of H. petiolulatum by using silica gelchromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic methods as pinoresinol (1), medioresinol (2), 8-acetoxypinoresinol (3), epipinoresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol (5), (+)-1-hydroxysyringaresinol (6) and erythro-buddlenolE (7). All the isolates were firstly found in H. petiolulatum. In the bioassay, compound 7 showed remarkable antioxidative activity inhibiting Fe(+2)-cystine induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation with inhibitory rate 38% at a concentration of 1 x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) (positive control Vit E with the inhibitory rate of 35% at the same concentration).
Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rats

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the efficacy and safety of simultaneous bilateral endoscopic surgery (SBES) for bilateral upper urinary tract calculi, and to summarize the initial experience. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with bilateral upper urinary tract calculi who underwent SBES in the Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded, and the operation status, stone free rate (SFR) and peri-operative complications were analyzed. The primary end point was SFR, and second end point was peri-operative complications. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients underwent SBES, of which SBES was completed in 19 patients (12 males, and 7 females). The mean age was (41.3±12.0) years. Fourteen patients underwent modified supine position surgery and 4 patients in prone split-leg position. There was no statistical difference in the demographic and baseline clinical data of the patients in different positions. One patient underwent right percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and left endoscopic combined intra-renal surgery (ECIRS) in the prone split-leg position, while 18 patients received simul-taneous surgery with PCNL and contralateral retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS). The mean anesthesia and operation time was (128.7±26.5) min and (70.7±20.3) min, respectively, which was significantly longer in the patients with prone split-leg position than in the patients with modified supine position, anesthesia time in the patients with prone split-leg position and modified supine position: (148.4±20.4) min vs. (121.6±25.3) min, respectively, t=－2.121, P=0.049, while the operation time in the patients with prone split-leg position and modified supine position: (86.4±21.1) min vs. (65.1±17.4) min, respectively, t=－2.222, P=0.040. There was no significant difference between the two groups in indwelling of nephrostomy [prone split-leg position and modified supine position: (2.6±0.9) d vs. (2.1±1.0) d, respectively; t=－0.880, P=0.391] and the length of hospital stay [prone split-leg position and modified supine position: (6.0±2.7) d vs. (5.2±1.8) d, respectively; t=－0.731, P=0.475]. One month after the operation, the SFR was 78.9%, and 3 patients had minor peri-operative complications (Clavien-Dindo grades Ⅰ/Ⅱ) without any serious complications (Clavien-Dindo grades Ⅲ/Ⅳ/Ⅴ). CONCLUSION The simultaneous bilateral endoscopic surgery would decrease the operation time and anesthesia exposure under the premise of ensuring the SFR, which is helpful to reduce the risk of peri-operative complications, especially to the patients who can not tolerate the second-stage or long-time operation.
Adult ; Calcinosis/surgery* ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urologic Diseases/surgery*