OBJECTIVE: To investigate the absorbability of 8 kinds of disposable filter membranes for infusion apparatus to 10 injectable drugs, thus to provide information for clinical medication. METHODS: Each drug was separately dissolved in 250 mL 5% dextrose solution. Samples of drug solutions were collected before and after being filtered by the membranes. These samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS methods. RESULTS: The 8 kinds of membranes had different adsorbabilities to the 10 injectable drugs. CN-CA membrane (CN-CA) and CN-CA Enhance membrane (CN-CA-E) adsorbed more drugs than other membranes (P<0.05). The average adsorption of PES membrane, NL-B membrane and ION membrane to the 10 drugs were lower than 1%. PP membrane and NL membrane to the 10 drugs were lower than 1.5%. CONCLUSION: PES membrane, ION membrane and NL-B membrane have lower adsorbabilityies than other membranes, thus may have little influence on medical treatment. They may be suitable for clinical application. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Ammonium Sulfate ; analysis ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Workplace

Cardiovascular Diseases ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases

Objective To evaluate the mechanical characteristics of systolic left ventricular(LV) transmural torsion in different LV electro-mechanical patterns using speckle tracking imaging. Methods Five open-chest canine models were employed for the acquirement of the basal, apical short-axis and four-chamber views of LV during baseline(BASE) and right atrial appendage(RAA), right ventricular apical (RVA), left ventricular lateral wall (LVL) and left ventrieular apical (LVA) pacing. Subendocardial (subend),subepicardial(subepi) and bulk rotation angle(RA) and segmental angle excursion(AE) at basal and apical level were analyzed using a dedicated workstation. LV torsion at different layers and bulk and global LV ejection fraction (EF) were calculated. Results ① There were no significant difference of transmural torsion and RA at basal and apical level between BASE and RAA pacing (P>0.05);② LV torsion of subend, subepi and bulk during RVA pacing were lower than those during RAA pacing(P0.05);LV torsion of subend and bulk during LVA pacing were lower than those during RAA pacing(P0.05);LV RA of subend,subepi and bulk at basal level during RVA and LVA pacing were lower than those during RAA pacing (P<0.05); ③ For normal electro-mechanical pattern, LV torsion of subend were significant higher than that of subepi(P<0.05), there only were a higher tendency for all pacing models (P>0.05); ④AE of segments near the pacing site decreased during different ventricle paeings (P<0.05); ⑤At BASE and during RAA pacing, LV bulk and subepi torsion were positively correlated to EF; RA of subend,subepi and bulk at basal level were positively correlated to EF. Conclusions LV transmual torsion are significantly depressed during RVA and LVA pacing. There is a spatial co-relationship between LV EF and torsion and rotation of bulk and subepi at basal level in normal LV electro-mechanical patterns.

To explore the influencing factors of major birth defects.The children of 0 -3 years and their mother from six different districts were surveyed from November 2009 to December 2009.The incidence rate was 134.27/10 000 (493/36 716)in 6 counties. And the first five birth defects were as follows:congenital heart disease,neural tube defects,cheilopalatognathus,polydactylia and hypophrenia.The risks and protective factors of the first 5 birth defects were different.Anamnesis of birth defects and defective children from relatives,multiple pregnancy & birth and intake of antipyretic analgesics during pregnancy were the common risk factor for the first 5 birth defects.The key points for the prevention of birth defects are to reinforce the pre-pregnancy guidance,the screening and evaluation of risk factors and disease prevention during pregnancy.

Objective To evaluate the value of the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and P-POSSUM in predicting the risks of orthopedic surgeries for senile patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 108 patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent hip joint replacement were retrospectively studied using POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring system to predict their mortality and complication rate.The difference between predictive value and observed value was analyzed by chi-square test.Meanwhile,the patients were divided into two groups based on their POSSUM scores.The differences between two groups were analyzed.Results According to POSSUM scores,47 patients were predicted to have complications(the mean rate was 43.52％),but only 37 did actually (the rate was 34.26％).There was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.238).The predicted death toll was 11 cases (the mean rate was 10.19％),but actually only 2 patients died (the rate was 1.85％).Predicted value was higher than observed value.In terms of complications,death toll agreed well with the predicted values calculated by P-POSSUM (predicted death of 4 cases' the mean mortality being 3.70％ ; actual death of 2 cases' the mortality was 1.85％) without significant difference (P =0.625).We divided the patients into two groups with the POSSUM scores 40,and there was no significant difference between predicted values and observed values (P =0.527,P =0.285).Conclusions POSSUM has better predictive ability of morbidity,but overestimates mortality.P-POSSUM more accurately predicts mortality than POSSUM.The predicted results of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring systems are satisfactory in the high risk group.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of mediastinal lymph node in non-small cell lung cancer using PET-CT by Meta-analysis. Methods Publications on mediastinal lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer by PET-CT published from January 2002 to January 2016 were filtered and assessed according to criteria from the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library database. The number of true positive, false positive, false negative and true negative were extracted, meta-analysis was performed using STATA software, and receiver operating characteristic curve was applied, then area under the curve(AUC) was calculated. At last, heterogeneous sources were discussed and subgroup analyses were performed. Results Twenty-three relevant literatures(2 959 patients) were enrolled, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity based on the patients were 0.66(0.55—0.75) and 0.84(0.79—0.89), AUC was 0.84 (0.80—0.87). The results of subgroup analysis suggested that pulmonary tuberculosis was one important factor that influenced the PET-CT diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in NSCLC patients(P=0.01). Conclusions PET-CT has a high accuracy for the mediastinal lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer, and it is the recommendedexamination method in these patients. Patients who had suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis should be treated with caution.

Objective To observe the MRI imaging manifestations of the ligaments and soft tissues around the atlanto-axial joint in children with atlanto-axial rotation instability.Methods Assigned into observation group were 50 children with atlantoaxial rotatory displacement who had been treated in our hospital from January 2013 to March 2014.Another 50 healthy children were chosen as a control group who underwent health check-ups during the same period in our hospital.Both groups received MRI examinations of the ligaments and soft tissues around the atlantoaxial joint using the same equipment and methods.MRI manifestations and characteristics of the ligaments and soft tissues around the atlantoaxial joint were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups.Results In the observation group,odontoid gap asymmetry appeared on both sides,with left shift in 32 cases and right shift in 18 cases.The MRI imaging PDWI sequence showed a significant better diagnostic sensitivity than the other sequences (T1WI,T2WI and SPAIR) (P ＜ 0.05).The MRI examinations on all the children with different sequences found 50 cases of degree Ⅰ lesion in the observation group and 4 cases of degree Ⅰ lesion in the control group,and 12 cases of degree Ⅱ lesion in the observation group and none degree Ⅱ lesion in the control group,showing a significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the diagnostic sensitivity of lesions of degrees Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MRI can clearly show the rotation displacement of atlanto-axial joint associated with transverse ligament,alar ligament and lesions of the surrounding soft tissues.MRI has a dcfinite diagnostic value for atlanto-axial rotation displacements in children,especially those caused by transverse ligament tear after trauma.

Applications of network pharmacology are increasingly widespread and methods abound in the field of drug development and pharmacological research. In this study, we choose rosiglitazone compound as the object to predict the targets and to discuss the mechanism based on three kinds of prediction methods of network pharmacology. Comparison of the prediction result has identified that the three kinds of prediction methods had their own characteristics: targets and pathways predicted were not in accordance with each other. However, the calcium signaling pathway could be predicted in the three kinds of methods, which associated with diabetes and cognitive impairment caused by diabetes by bioinformatics analysis. The above conclusion indicates that the calcium signaling pathway is important in signal pathway regulation of rosiglitazone compound, which provides a clue to further explain the mechanism of the compound and also provides a reference for the selection and application of methods of network pharmacology in the actual research.
Calcium Signaling ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Computational Biology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Pharmacology ; methods ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relation of plasma D-dimer levels and incidence of deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery.

METHODSThe clinical data of 63 patients underwent spinal surgery from October 2009 to October 2010 were retrospective analyzed. There were 40 males and 23 females with an average age of 48 years old(21 to 76) in operation. Operation levels of 15 cases were in cervical vertebrae, 4 cases were in thoracic vertebrae,and 44 cases were in lumbar vertebrae. Thirty patients with spinal fracture were caused by trauma and 33 patients without trauma, 11 patients combined with nerve injury. The patients were divided into two groups according to plasma D-dimer levels, more than or equal to 500 microg/L was D-dimer positive group and less than 500 microg/L was D-dimer negative group. Venous blood of all patients early morning with empty stomach were testd on admission, and at 2 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 4 d, 6 d, 8 d, 10 d, 15 d after operation,respectively.

RESULTSThere was no statistically significant differences in sex, operative segments, implants, operative posture, age, bleed volume, body weight, peroperative D-dimer levels between two groups. After operation, plasma D-dimer of 19 patients were more than or equal to 500 microg/L, with persistent or progressive increasing. Two cases occurred deep venous thrombosis in D-dimer positive group, they respectively were found at 3 days and 8 days after operation. Both of them underwent posterior decompression and internal fixation. However,no deep venous thrombosis was found in D-dimer negative group.

CONCLUSIONPostoperative D-dimer assay can effective predict deep venous thrombosis occurrence. D-dimer level more than or equal to 500 microg/L will be considered as a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; surgery ; Ultrasonography ; Venous Thrombosis ; blood ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Young Adult