AIM: To investigate the topography of the anterior surface of the human crystalline lens. ·METHODS: A Non-contact three-coodinate measuring system was utilized to scan the anterior surfaces of 8 human eye lenses in vitro. Acquired data were processed and computer models of the anterior lens surfaces were made using the program (Surfacer v 10.0). The to-pography of the anterior lens surfaces were established. Radii of curvature were measured at preset spots over the lens surfaces and two way analysis of variance was performed. The data were analysed to determine whether the radius of curvature varied systematically with the position on the lens surface from which the measurement was made. Lens surface asymmetric index (LSAI) was defined and calculated. The vertical and horizontal meridians of the modeled lens were calculated, and the best curve fit to any conic section was determined. ·RESULTS: The topography of the anterior lens surface indicated that the central zone (the central radius of curvature is (9.09±0.80)mm was steeper than that of the peripheral zone(17.05±2.20)mm. Two way analysis of variance of the radii of curvature at preset spots over the lens surfaces showed that the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Curve regression of radii of curvature at preset spots and their distances to the surface center revealed that the correlation of them was the third power function. LSAI increased steadily from the lens surface center(0.013±0.005) to the periphery(0.184± 0.065). The dots on the horizontal and vertical meridians were fit to four kinds of curves, and the determinate coefficient of hyperbola fit were the largest (0.9989-0.9999). ·CONCLUSION: The anterior lens surface is imperfectly rotational symmetric. Moreover, the nearer to the center, the more rotational symmetric it is. Radii of curvature increase nonlinearly from the surface center to the periphery. Anterior lens surface is typically hyperbolic.

Objective To investigate the effects of trace element strontium on the improvement of rat lipid metabolism disor‐der ,prevention and treatment effects on non‐alcoholic fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD) and its possible mechanism .Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups .The control group used the common fodder and the other four groups adopted the high fat fodder for 13‐week feeding .During the final 9 weeks ,the strontium 18 mg/L group and the strontium 36 mg/L group were sepa‐rately fed with 18 mg/L and 36 mg/L of strontium water .During the final 4 weeks ,the simvastatin group was gavaged with simvas‐tatin 10 mg/kg .The rats were killed at the end of 14 weeks and the liver index ,serum ALT ,AST ,TG ,TC ,LDL‐C and HDL‐C ,and liver TG ,TC levels were measured .The liver tissue frozen section was performed .The fatty change and its distribution were ob‐served by oil red O staining .Results Compared with the control group ,the liver indexc ,liver TG and TC levels ,serum TC and LDL‐C in the NAFLD model group were statistically increased (P<0 .05);compared with the NAFLD model group ,the levels of serum TC and LDL‐C in the strontium 18 mg/L group were decreased ,but serum HDL‐C was also decreased(P<0 .05);in liver in‐dex ,liver TC and TG levels ,serum TC and LDL‐C in the strontium 36 mg/L group were decreased(P<0 .05) .The oil red O stai‐ning showed that the liver tissue in the NAFLD model group contained a large amount of red staining fat particles ;but which in the strontium 18 mg/L group ,strontium 36 mg/L group and the simvastatin group were decreased to some extents .Conclusion The long term high concentration trace element strontium intake has the effect for improving the rat lipid metabolic disorder and preven‐ting and treating NAFLD .

OBJECTIVETo explore the inhibition of Tangtong Recipe (TTR) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in rat model of diabetes mellitus using seropharmacological and modern molecular biological technologies.

METHODSThe drug-serum of TTR was prepared by feeding pure-breed New Zealand rabbits at various doses (18 mL/kg, 13 mL/kg, and 8 mL/kg) of TTR, and used to intervene the VSMCs get from the iliac artery of diabetic model rats cultured by tissue block plantation. The impact of drug-serum on VSMCs proliferation was estimated through measuring tritiated thymine deoxy-ribonucleotide (3H-TDR) incorporation using liquid-scintillation detector, and the cell cycle was detected using flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe 3H-TDR incorporation in cells after intervention with various doses of TTR drug-serum were reduced significantly, in a concentration-dependent manner, to the level lower than that in the normal serum control group (P < 0.01). And the percentage of S and G2/M phase cells in the drug-serum treated groups also were markedly lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDrug-serum of TTR could inhibit the proliferation of VSMC of diabetic rat in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; pathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Iliac Artery ; cytology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Serum

The protoplasts of Micromonospora purpurea,the high yield strains of gentammicin producer were mutagenized by diethyl sulfate(DES)and ultraviolet radiation(UV)respectively,then fused,screened by gentamicin resistance and regenerated.The average fermentation unit 2200?U/ml could be achieved by shake flask for 10 batches.The average fermentation unit 1900?U/ml could be obtained by 5L fermentor for 7 batches.The quality of the end product conformed to CP2000,BP2000 and USP26 pharmacopoeia.

Objective To evaluate the possible mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TB1) affecting the speed of bone fracture healing.Method TBI combined with unilateral tibial fracture (group A) was used to build multiple injury model and simple unilateral tibial fracture (group B),and the FOS,JUN,bFGF,and VEGF protein expression in different time points between the two groups were compared,and roentgenogram was used for the evaluation of bone healing.Results The expression of FOS,JUN,bFGF,and VEGF protein of the cerebral tissue was low in the normal rats,but was slightly enhanced in group B.There was consistence of development for FOS and JUN expression in the brain tissue in group A,reaching peak at post-TBI 3 hours,and then reducing to control level after 12 hours.The bFGF and VEGF reached peak at post-TBI 12 hours and 24 hours and reduced to control level after 72 hours,respectively.In group A and group B,an increase in the FOS,JUN protein expression around the fracture site was observed at 3 hours after injury,which reached the peak at 6 hours,and reduced to the control level after 24 hours;the comparison between group A,group B and the control group at 3 hours,6 hours and 12 hours had significant difference (P

Castleman Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Myopericytoma ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiopharmaceuticals

·AIM: To investigate the preparation of endostatin protein and its biologic activity on vascular endothelial cell.· METHODS: pBlast-hEndostatin and pBlast-Mcs were identified by digesting with Nhe Ⅰ and Sal Ⅰ, by PCR reaction, by sequencing, and by Alignments of PCR products with gene bank using NCBIBLAST software. The identified pBlast-hEndostatin as well as pBlast-Mcs were then purified with QIAGEN Endofree plasmid maxi kit.The purified plasmids transfected human fibroblasts. The expression of endostatin was detected by RT-PCR, Westem-Blot and immunohistochemistry. The endostatin prorein produced by transfected fibroblasts was purified by ultrafiltration and affinity chromatography. The inhibitory action of endostatin on human umbilical vein endothelium was measured by MTT assay.· RESULTS: pBlast-hEndostatin was found to contain human endostatin gene. Endostatin protein was produced by transfected fibroblasts. The inhibitory ratio of 2.5,5,10,20,40,80mg/L endostatin on human umbilical vein endothelium for 48h were 8.5%,13.1%,27.7%,38.1%,56.7%,63.8% respectively. IC50 value was 34.5mg/L.No inhibition action was found on fibroblasts.·CONCLUSIONS: Endostatin protein can be produced by the transfected fibroblasts. The produced endostatin has inhibitory action on human umbilical vein endothelium and has no inhibition action on fibroblasts.

Objective To investigate the cerebral blood flow (CBF) perfusion patterns and related factors in hyperthyroidism patients.Methods Twenty-five patients with hyperthyroidism and twenty-two healthy controls matched for age,sex,education were enrolled.~(99)Tc~m-ethylene cysteinate dimer (ECD) SPECT CBF perfusion imaging was performed at rest.Statistical parametric mapping 5.0 software (SPM5) was used and a statistical threshold of P＜0.05 (corrected) was applied for signifying changes of regional CBF (rCBF).The semiquantitative values of rCBF were extracted automatically by brain search 1.1 software and were correlated with concentrations of serum thyroid hormones(FT_3,FT_4),thyroid autoimmune antibodies:sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone(sTSH),thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) by Pearson analysis,with disease duration by Spearman analysis.Results rCBF was decreased significantly in limbic system and frontal lobe,including parahippocampal gyrus,uncus (posterior entorhinal cortex,posterior parolfactory cortex,parahippocampal cortex,anterior cingulate,right inferior temporal gyrus),left hypothalamus and caudate nucleus (P＜0.05,corrected).rCBF in left lingual gyrus,posterior cingulated was negatively correlated with concentration of FT_3(r=-0.468,-0.417,both P＜0.05).rCBF in left lingual gyrus,bilateral inferior temporal gyrus,right superior parietal lobe was negatively correlated with concentration of FT_4(r=-0.4M,-0.418,-0.415,-0.459,all P＜0.05),while that in left mammillary body and putamen was positively correlated with concentration of FT_4(r=0.419,0.412,both P＜0.05).rCBF in left insula was negatively correlated with concentration of sTSH,and right auditory associated cortex was positively correlated with concentration of sTSH(r=-0.504,0.429,both P＜0.05).rCBF in left middle temporal gyrus,left angular gyrus was positively correlated with concentration of TRAb while that in right thalamus,right hypothalamus,left anterior nucleus,left ventralis nucleus was negatively correlated with concentration of TRAb(r=0.750,0.862,-0.691,-0.835,-0.713,-0.759,all P＜0.05).rCBF in right anterior cingulate,right cuneus,right rectus gyrus,right superior marginal gyrus was positively correlated with concentration of TPOAb(r=0.696,0.581,0.779,0.683,all P＜0.05).rCBF in postcentral gyrus,temporal gyrus,left superior marginal gyrus and auditory associated cortex was positively correlated with disease duration(r=0.502,0.457,0.524,0.440,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Hypoperfusions in limbic system and fontal lobe were found in hyperthyroidism Patients,which might be associated with thyroid function and disesse duration.

The biological and genetic characteristics of a highly neurovirulent JE virus strain SA4 were studied. Mice were inoculated intracerebrally with strain SA4 and SA14, and observed for 14 days, respectively. On different days, mice brains were harvested for titrations of the virus content in the brains. Full-length genome of SA4 was sequenced and compared with SA14 as well as other JE virus strains in the world. The results indicated that the mice inoculated by SA4 induced sickness and death more rapidly (24 hours faster) than those induced by the SA14. The virus titers in the brains of mice infected with SA4 were 0.5-1.0 lg PFU/mL higher than that infected with SA14. The sequence comparison indicated that the nucleotide and amino acid homology between SA4 and the other 21 JE strains were 84.6%-99.0% and 95.2%-99.7% respectively. Comparison with strain SA14 revealed that there were 17 amino acid differences between the two strains, of which 5 were in the E protein region. The results demonstrate that strain SA4 is a highly neurovirulent strain. The substitutions of the 17 amino acids in the SA4 strain can be the molecular basis for the biological characteristics of high neurovirulence.
Animals ; Brain ; virology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; mortality ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mice ; Sequence Analysis ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; Virulence

In patients who have sustained traumatic brain injury with associated extremity fracture, there is often a clinical perception that the rate of new bone formation around the fracture site increases.(1) An overgrowth of callus is observed and ectopic ossification even occurs in the muscle,(2) but the mechanism remains unclear. Whether this rapidly-formed new bone is fracture callus or a variant of heterotopic ossification, a common complication of traumatic brain injury, is the subject of some debates.(3) It is generally believed that the process of fracture healing is a recapitulation of normal embryonic osteogenesis,(4) i.e. ,a series of changes in the intracellular and extracellular matrix, which start from the injury of cells, blood vessels and bone matrix to a complete reconstruction of the bone.(5) It is a complex process influenced by multi-level and multi-route regulations of the general and local environments in the body, and many growth factors participate in this process, which is the base of bone healing;(6) whatever methods are used to promote bone healing, they are based on accelerating the changes of growth factors.(7) So it is worth making a thorough study on the mechanism, by which traumatic brain injury influences the expression levels of growth factors and consequently affects the speed of bone healing.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Injuries ; physiopathology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; physiology ; Fracture Healing ; Gene Expression ; physiology ; Humans ; Oncogene Protein p65(gag-jun) ; metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins v-fos ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; physiology