Objective To investigate the morphological features,biological behavior ,and diagnosis and treatment of gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma(GHA).MethodsTwenty GHA cases were evaluated. Of the 20 patients,14 underwent radical gastrectomy, 3 total gastrectomy,3 total gastrectomy and wedge excision of the liver metastasis.ResultsHistologically,hyaline globules and venous invasion were common features of GHA.Tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive for alpha fetoprotein(AFP), alpha antitrypsin(AAT), and alpha antichymotrypsin(ACT). Ultrastructurally,tumor cells were arranged toward the lumens with microvilli on the luminal surfaces.There were junctional complexes between the lateral plasma membranes of adjacent tumor cells.Patients were followed up for 1～5 years with 12 deaths, 11 died of metastasis and one died of intraabdominal tumor seeding. The 1, 3 year survival rate was 44%(8/18), and 17%(3/18), respectively. Conclusions GHA deriving from gastric mucosa is characterized both by the histologic structures of hepatoid differentiation and adenocarcinoma.The prognosis is usually poor due to frequent liver metastasis.

Objective To compare the internal fixation methods for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Methods One hundred and sixty four elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated from June 2006 to September 2011.The fractures were fixed with dynamic hip screws (DHS,n =42),locking proximal femur plate (LPFP,n =40),Gamma nails (n =36) or proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA,n =46),respectively.The clinical data were collected and the operative time,blood loss,time of clinical healing,postoperative complications and Harris hip scores of 6 months after surgery were compared among groups.Results All patients were followed-up for 6 to 36 months.The operative times of DHS,LPFP,Gamma nails and PFNA groups were (103 ± 15),(90 ± 13),(79 ± 11)and (65 ±9)min,respectively(F =2.87,P ＜0.05).The blood loss of 4 groups was (202 ±23),(181 ±23),(98 ± 13) and (87 ± 11) ml,respectively (F =3.21,P ＜ 0.05).The times of clinical fracture healing were (16.1±1.9),(14.6±1.8),(12.9±1.7) and (11.5±1.4) weeks,respectively(F=2.66,P＜0.05).The postoperative complications of 4 groups were 4/42,3/40,2/36 and 1/46,respectively (x2 =5.67,P ＜0.05).The Harris hip scores of 6 months after surgery of 4 groups were 81％ (34/42),85％ (34/40),89％ (32/36)and 93％ (43/46),respectively(H =20.03,P ＜0.05).Conclusions In treatment for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients,the efficacy of intramedullary fixation (Gamma nails and PFNA) is better than extramedullary fixation DHS and LPFP).PFNA is more effective than other 3 methods and should be preferentially chosen.

Objective To study the related factors of male pattern alopecia(MPA) and efficacy of finasteride as well as to survey the related factors influencing the life quality of patients with MPA.Methods Questionnaire with dermatology life quality index(DLQI) and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale(CES-D) were adopted to assess the life quality and psychological changes of 320 outpatients with MPA.The 320 patients with MPA of Hamilton grades Ⅱ-Ⅶ took finasteride tablet of 1mg/day for over 4 months in this clinical tria1.We analyzed the related factors of MPA,tested the related indexes,and observed for changes of hair growth and adverse reactions.Results DLQI and CES-D scores of the 320 MPA patients obviously increased.Many factors including inheritance and psychological influence were correlated with MPA.The total efficacy rate after treatment for over 4 months was 80.8%.Conclusion Hair loss significantly affected the life quality of patients with MPA and brought negative effects on the patients' psychology,which can worsen hair loss.Therefore,appropriate psychotherapy and other treatments should be given to them.MPA is a kind of disease caused by multiple factors and oral administration of finasteride(1mg) is effective and safe for treating MPA.

AIM:To investigate the differences among Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer in measurement of axial length ( AL ) , anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) and corneal curvature ( K1 , K2 , Km ) , and evaluate the consistency of the instruments, with the purpose providing references for the clinical application of Lenstar 900.
METHODS: In this study we picked up 36 patients ( 50 eyes ) underwent cataract surgery, and lens nucleus hardness were under level IV. Before the operation, AL, ACD and K1 , K2 , Km were measured by Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer respectively. The differences between the results were compared by the paired t-test. The correlation of the results was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the consistency was measured by Bland-Ahamn method.
RESULTS: The mean AL and ACD values measured by Lenstar 900 and A-scan ultrasound had no significantly statistic differences (P>0. 05). The K1, K2, Km measured by Lenstar 900 and keratometer were not significantly statistical different (P>0. 05). The results measured by these three instruments had close linearity correlation ( r>0.9, P<0. 01). The consistency of the results was well in Bland-Ahamn analysis.
CONCLUSION:The preoperatively biometric result of Lenstar 900, A - scan ultrasound and keratometer in patients with cataract are all reliable, and they can be substituted by each other. However, Lenstar 900 can not only measure AL, ACD and corneal curvature at the same time, but also cornal thickness, lens thickness, white to white, pupil size, optical axis eccentricity, retinal thickness and so on. It has a number of advantages such as non-touching, convenient and efficient, and can be recommended to use widely.

Objective To investigate the quality of life and analyze related factors of all the disabled at the entry of the Home Service Program in Zhabei district, Shanghai. Methods All the disabled were surveyed using the Chinese version of Short-Form 36 Health Survey(SF-36). Results 280 disabled people finished the survey, the total score was (59.72±20.03). There were significant differences in the scores among different ages, types of disabilities and status of subsistence allowances (P<0.01). The age was negatively correlated with quality of life (P<0.01). The education degree and the status of subsistence allowances were positively correlated with quality of life (P<0.05, P<0.01).Conclusion People with disability have poor quality of life in Zhabei district, Shanghai.

Objective To investigate the stimulative effects of CollagenⅠon the increased adhesion of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), cytoskeleton actin organization and intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration. Methods The third generation BMSCs isolated from mature rabbits were cultured at different initial concentrations on cover-slice coated by collagenⅠin RPMI1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum, and cultured on the same kind of cover-slice untreated with collagenⅠas control. The cells adhesive behavior at different times was assessed. Cellular actin organization was described as either typeⅠor typeⅡcells. In general, typeⅠcells are round and represent a preliminary stage of actin assembly, while typeⅡcells are elongated with organized actin fiber network. At the same time intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration was measured by using calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM and laser confocal microscope. Results We found more typeⅡcells in BMSCs cultured with collagen typeⅠsix hours after culture than in the control group. At 12 hours 89% of the BMSCs were typeⅡcells, while only 55% were typeⅡcells in the control group. This indicated active cellular actin organization after being modified by collagen typeⅠ. We also found that the BMSCs cultured with collagen typeⅠincreased intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration in monolayer culture. Conclusions CollagenⅠis effective in promoting the cellular adhesion, which suggests that a kind of internal relationship or cross-talk may exist between cellular actin organization, intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration and cell adhesion. Further study, however, is needed.

Objective To explore the effects of the extracellular regulated protein kinase’s (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD98059 and ino-sitol triphosphate kinase (PI3K/PKB) signaling pathway’s inhibitor LY294002 on extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) stimulated by connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Methods PASMCs of SD rat were cul-tured in vitro. The PASMCs were divided into control group, CTGF group, CP (CTGF+PD98059) group, CL (CTGF+LY294002) group and CPL (CTGF+PD98059+LY294002) group. Real-time lfuorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of colla-gen III and ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs, and the expression of collagenШprotein of PASMCs was detected by immunohistochem-istry and western-blot. Results The expressions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs stimulated with CTGF (50 ng/ml) for 48 h were signiifcantly higher than those in control group, and the collagen proteinШof PASMCs was decreased signiifcantly after stimulation with CTGF (50 ng/ml) for 72 h (P<0.05). The expressions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA in PASMCs cultured with PD98059 (20μmol/L) and/or LY294002 (10μmol/L) for 48 h was signiifcantly lower than those in CTGF group (P<0.05). The collagen proteinШin PASMCs cultured with PD98059 (20μmol/L) and/or LY294002 (10μmol/L) for 72 h was increased (P<0.05). The expres-sions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs stimulated with both PD98059 and LY294002 were more signiifcant. Conclu-sions CTGF may increase the expression of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA in PASMCs, which may contribute to the deposition of ECM in PASMCs during pulmonary vascular remodeling. PD98059 and LY294002 may repress ERK1/2 and PI3K/PKB signaling pathways and interfere with the biological effect of CTGF.

To develop a core-shell structure pDNA-CaPi-PLGA nanoparticles (CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs), calcium phosphate-pDNA nano complexes (CaPi-pDNA) were encapsulated inside of PLGA shells. The characteristics of the nanoparticles, including morphology, average particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, loading efficiency, stability in medium, pDNA protection ability from nuclease degradation, in vitro release, cytotoxicity and cell transfection were investigated and compared with the embedded structured CaPi modified PLGA nanoparticles (embedded-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs). The results showed that the obtained CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs were spherical in shape with an average particle size of (155 +/- 4.5) nm, zeta potentials of (-0.38 +/- 0.1) mV, entrapment efficiency of (80.56 +/- 2.5)% and loading efficiency of (1.16 +/- 0.04)%. The CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs were stable in the release media and could protect pDNA against nuclease degradation. And they also exhibited sustained release of pDNA in vitro. The highest gene transfection efficiency of the CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs in vitro reached (24.66 +/- 0.46)% (after 72 h transfection), which was significantly higher than that of free pDNA [(0.33 +/- 0.04)%, P < 0.01] and the pDNA-PLGA-NPs [(1.5 +/- 0.07)%, P < 0.01]. Besides, the transfection lasted for longer time than that of embedded-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs and the cytotoxicity of it was significantly lower than that of PEI (P < 0.01). These results indicate that CS-pDNA-CaPi-PLGA-NPs are a promising non-viral gene vector. Key words: gene delivery system; polylactic-co-glycolic acid; calcium phosphate; nanoparticle

Objective To study the effects of preconditioning treadmill exercise on excitatory amino vacid changes in rats after the cerebral infarction and the protective effects against cerebral isehemia brain injury. Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Twenty-five rats were subject to an operation to establish the animal model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and divided into a isehemia group, an 1-week ex- ercise group (trained in the 4th week) , a 2-week exercise group (trained in the 3rd and 4th weeks) and a 4- week exercise group (trained for 4 weeks) , while the remaining 5 rats were subject to sham operation, and served as the controls. After 4 weeks of experiment, all the the rats were fixed on stereotactie apparatus for the brain microdialysis of the striatum. Then the focal middle cerebral artery ischemia and reperfusion were made with thread oeclussion in rats and microdialysis technique was used to collect extraeellular fluid in each period of pre-ischemia, ischemia (40, 80 and 120 min), and reperfusion (40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 240 min) to detect the changes of the excitatory amino acid. At the same time the infarction volume was also measured at 24 hours after ischemia-reperfusion of the brain. Results The difference between any two groups was significant with regard to the volume of cerebral infarction (P < 0.05). Two weeks and four weeks of the preconditioning treadmill exercise couled significantly reduce concentration of Glu excessively released due to the ischemia (P < 0.01). Conclusion At least two weeks of preconditioning treadmill exercise can inhibit the excessive release of the important excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter glutamate, to some extent, in the process of the subse- quent ischemic brain injury and during reperfusion, which might be one of the protective mechanisms of move- ment against the early isehemie brain injury.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of the different compatibility ratios of rutin with quercetin on the pharmacoki-netics of rutin in rats in vivo. METHODS:30 rats were randomly divided into rutin group(rutin-quercetin molar ratio of 4:0,the same below),quercetin group(rutin-quercetin ratio of 0:4),BL1 group(rutin-quercetin ratio of 3:1),BL2 group(rutin-quercetin ratio of 2:2)and BL3 group(rutin-quercetin ratio of 1:3),6 rats in each group,all group was administrated 10 mg/kg(calculat-ed by quercetin core of rutin and quercetin) intragastrically. The blood sample 0.3 mL was respectively taken from tail vein after 0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24 h of administration,the plasma concentration of quercetin(rutin me-tabolite) was determined by HPLC. DAS 2.0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS:The AUC0-24 h in rutin group,quercetin group,BL1 group,BL2 group and BL3 group were (4.908 ± 0.877),(8.382 ± 3.671), (8.473 ± 0.709),(4.366 ± 2.297),(8.914 ± 2.642)μg·h/L;MRT0-24 h were (9.675 ± 1.359),(3.142 ± 0.489),(3.517 ± 1.128), (3.376 ± 1.046),(4.494 ± 1.653) h;tmax were (5.726 ± 5.645),(1.375 ± 0.703),(1.125 ± 1.438),(1.417 ± 2.300),(1.292 ± 0.954) h;and cmax were (0.609 ± 0.202),(2.341 ± 0.539),(2.425 ± 1.217),(1.464 ± 0.677),(3.325 ± 2.425)μg/L. Compared with rutin group,AUC0-24 h and cmax in quercetin group,BL1 group and BL3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),tmax and MRT0-24 h were significantly decreased(P<0.05);cmax in BL2 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),tmax and MRT0-24 h were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with quercetin group,except AUC0-24 h was significantly decreased in BL2 group(P<0.05),there were no significant differences in AUC0-24 h,MRT0-24 h,tmax or cmax in BL1 group,BL2 group and BL3 group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Quercetin can inhance the related indexes of rutin in rats in vivo.