Objective To study the effects of knock down midkine(MK)by siRNA on chemosinsitivity in bladder cancer cells. Methods Three MK siRNAs were designed and constructed. After transfected with MK siRNA or scrambled siRNA for different time, cultured cells were harvested to carry on the next experiments. Expression of MK was determined by real-time RT-PCR and western blot, and apoptosis were evaluated by caspase-3 activity and TUNEL assay. MTT was performed to examine the inhibition effect of Paclitaxel (PTX) on cells. Results MK siRNA could down-regulate the MK expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The MTT results showed that the inhibit rates were (18.21±0.36)%, (18.19±0.29)%, (17.89±0.33)%, (1.86±0.52)%, (32.56±0.53) %, (53. 83±0.38) % and (78. 95±0.55) % in different groups PTX alone(0.2μmol/L), ConA +PTX(0.2 μmol/L), Con-B +PTX(0.2 μmol/L), siRNA alone(12. 50 nmol/L), siRNA(3. 125nmol/L) + PTX (0. 2 μmol/L), siRNA (6. 25 nmol/L) + PTX (0. 2 μmol/L) and siRNA (12. 50nmol/L)+PTX(0.2 μmol/L), respectively. The TUNEL results showed that apoptosis index was (1.81 ±0. 36)%, (1. 89±0. 38)%, (5. 56±0. 58)%, (9. 68±0.55)% and (15. 25±0.56)% in different groups (Con-A, Con-B, siRNA (3. 125 nmol/L), siRNA (6. 25 nmol/L) and siRNA ( 12. 5nmol/L), respectively. The activity of caspase-3 increased significantly in transefected cells with a dose-and time-dependent manner. Conclusion MK siRNA could sensitize human bladder cancer cells to chemotherapy which might be through the apotosis.

Objective To construct shRNA against optineurin ( OPTN ) clone and transfect the construction into HEK293FT cells for inhibiting the expression of OPTN, which is laid the foundation for further research of molecu-lar mechanism OPTN protein. Methods The insert of this clone was a double-strained DNA sequence against OPTN which would be transcripted into shRNA and it was synthesized according to the sequence in Origene. Ex-pression vector pRFP-C-RS was employed to fuse the insert to get the construction and finally confirmed by sequen-cing. HEK293FT cells were transfected with the very clone pRFP-C-RS-shOPTN and RFP signals could be detected using fluorescence microscope. Western blot was further employed to check the protein level of OPTN. HEK293FT cells were transfected with the very clone pRFP-C-RS-shOPTN was then obtained to investigate the functional study of OPTN which was measured by Salmonella infection experiment. Results shRNA eukaryotic expression vector targeting OPTN gene was successfully constructed. HEK293FT cells were transfected with pRFP-C-RS-shOPTN and 72 hours later we observed strong RFP signals showing that shOPTN expressed. Western blot was further employed to check the protein level of OPTN which showed that OPTN expression was indeed interfered. Salmonella infection assays was then performed and showed that OPTN could inhibit the proliferation of Salmonella that has invaded HEK293FT cells. Conclusion HEK293FT cell line which expresses shRNA against OPTN show a sharp inhibition of OPTN protein expression by 80%. So this cell line can be further used to investigate how OPTN regulates auto-phagy as an autophagy receptor. Meanwhile we find that OPTN can be as a autophagy regulator and strongly sup-press the proliferation of invasive Salmonella in vivo.

Objective Alstr(o)m syndrome (AS) is a rare,autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by various clinical manifestations.The aim of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of AS.Methods Two cases of AS was reported.Combined with the clinical data of 7 cases of AS which had been reported in China,the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of AS were reviewed.Results Visual disorder( median onset age:6.0 years ) and dysaudia( median onset age:10.3 years ) were found in 9 patients,short stature and obesity in 8 patients,acanthosis nigricans in 7 patients,diabetes mellitus( median onset age:14.5 years) in 6 patients,and heart disease in 4 patients; hyperuricemia was detected in 6 patients,hepatic dysfunction and hypertriglyceridemia in 5 patients.Conclusions Visual disorder was the first presentation in patients with AS.Deafness,obesity,diabetes,and short stature were common.These findings were helpful in making an early and accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Objective: To learn the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease related public health emergencies in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2018 for the prevention and control. Methods: The surveillance data was extracted from National Public Health Emergency Management Information System. Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze main diseases as well as distribution characteristics of time and places. Results: A total of 445 events were reported, which caused 14362 cases and 34 deaths, with a attack rate of 0.69% and mortality rate of 0.24%. There were 298 events with less than 30 cases, accounting for 66.97%. The event classification was dominated by general events ( 242 events, 54.38% ) and ungraded events ( 201 events, 45.17% ). The main diseases were chickenpox ( 134 events, 30.11% ), hand foot mouth disease ( 59 events, 13.26% ) and other infectious diarrhea ( 51 events, 11.46% ). The incidence peaked from April to June ( 129 events, 28.99% ) and from November to December ( 131 events, 29.44% ). Ningbo ranked the top in the number of reported events ( 141 events, 31.69% ). Most events ( 322 events, 72.36% ) occurred in schools. Conclusions The infectious disease related public health emergencies in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2018 were mainly caused by chickenpox, hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea. The two peaks of the emergencies occurred from April to June and from November to December. Ningbo was the main area reporting infectious diseases, and schools were the main places.

Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at Baihui and Dazhui on cognitive function of vascular dementia rats and explore its possible mechanism. Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, model group and electroacupuncture group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and the electroacupuncture group were made as vascular dementia models by carotid artery ligation of the two sides. After 2 weeks of modeling, the electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Baihui and Dazhui for 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention, take the novel object recognition behavior test to detect the 1, 24 h new object preference coefficient; and use magnetic resonance spectroscopy to scan the levels of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr neurometabolites in the hippocampus. q-PCR was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 and Bax in apoptotic cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect synapsin SYN expression. Results:Compared with the model group, the preference coefficient of new object of the electroacupuncture group at 1 h [(69.85 ± 11.26)% vs. (50.26 ± 8.85)%] and 24 h [(60.85 ± 11.86)% vs. (43.26 ± 10.25)%] significantly decreased ( P<0.01). The content of NAA/Cr (1.344 ± 0.149 vs. 0.892 ± 0.178) significantly increased ( P<0.01), and the content of Cho/Cr (0.661 ± 0.142 vs. 0.902 ± 0.178) in the hippocampus significantly decreased ( P<0.01). The expression of hippocampus caspase-3 (1.342 ± 0.041 vs. 2.437 ± 0.089), Bax (2.135 ± 0.083 vs. 4.358 ± 0.137) significantly decreased ( P<0.01), and the expression of SYN (0.577 ± 0.035 vs. 0.315 ± 0.025) significantly increased ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Dazhui can effectively improve the cognitive dysfunction of rats with vascular dementia, which may be related to the improvement of neuronal metabolites NAA, Cho content and inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and improvement of neuronal touch function.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between preoperative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) levels and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG) surgery.Methods:We prospectively selected 123 patients who received OPCABG at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2019 to October 2019, and collected relevant preoperative and postoperative data. Patients were divided into a normal Hs-CRP group(78 cases) and an elevated Hs-CRP group(45 cases)according to the cutoff value (2 mg/L) of Hs-CRP level. The data of the two groups were compared, and regression analysis was performed on the postoperative data with differences to define independent factors.Results:The leukocyte count in the Hs-CRP group was significantly higher than that in the normal Hs-CRP group[(6.5±1.6)×10 9/ml vs. (7.4±2.1) ×10 9/ml, t=-2.839, P=0.005]. In the elevated Hs-CRP group, proportion of patients with atrial post-CABG atrial fibrillation (38% vs. 19%, χ2=5.100, P=0.024), duration of hospitalization[(21.2±7.1)days vs.(16.0±4.6)days, t=-4.469, P=0.000], hospital costs[(143.1±30.7)×10 3 yuan vs. (123.7±21.8)×10 3 yuan, t=-4.090, P=0.000]were significantly higher than those in the normal Hs-CRP level group. Smoking ( OR=1.660, 95% CI: 1.186-1.993, P=0.031) and Hs-CRP ( OR=1.170, 95% CI: 1.050-1.294, P=0.007) were independent risk factors for post-CABG atrial fibrillation. Hs-CRP ( B=0.436, 95% CI: 0.197-0.675, P=0.000) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, B=-0.180, 95% CI: -0.289--0.071, P=0.001) were independent influencing factors of duration of hospitalization. Hypertension ( B=-11.256, 95% CI: -20.670--1.842, P=0.020), Hs-CRP( B=1.235, 95% CI: 0.217-2.254, P=0.018) and LVEF ( B=-1.168, 95% CI: -1.634--0.702, P=0.000) were independent influencing factors of hospital costs. Conclusion:The preoperative Hs-CRP level of OPCABG is an independent influencing factor of post-CABG atrial fibrillation, duration of hospitalization and hospital costs. This finding lays the foundation for Hs-CRP combined with other indicators to accurately predict the prognosis of OPCABG and screen high-risk patients.

Appropriate selection and measurement of lead biomarkers of exposure are critically important for health care management purposes, public health decision making, and primary prevention synthesis. Lead is one of the neurotoxicants that seems to be involved in the etiology of psychologies. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility.The main body compartments that store lead are the blood, soft tissues, and bone; the half-life of lead in these tissues is measured in weeks for blood, months for soft tissues, and years for bone. Within the brain, lead-induced damage in the prefrontal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral problems, nerve damage, and possibly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsons disease, and schizophrenia. This paper presents an overview of biomarkers of lead exposure and discusses the neurotoxic effects of lead with regard to children and adults.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior ; drug effects ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Schizophrenia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective: To examine the effect of dietary behaviors on handgrip strength loss among the elderly, so as to provide insights into the prevention of handgrip strength loss. Methods : Based on the health surveillance cohort among the elderly in Zhejiang Province, two villages or communities were randomly sampled from each of Shaoxing and Zhoushan cities using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and all residents that had lived in local areas for one year and longer and had an age of 60 years and older were enrolled. Participants' demographics, dietary behaviors, smoking, drinking, and exercise were collected through questionnaire surveys, and the height, body weight and handgrip strength were measured. The handgrip strength loss was diagnosed according the 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment proposed by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, and the effect of dietary behaviors on handgrip strength loss was examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 265 residents were enrolled, with a mean age of (70.67±7.30) years, and including 565 men (44.66%) and 700 women (55.34%). The overall prevalence of handgrip strength loss was 42.85% among the participants, and the prevalence was 40.35% in men and 44.86% in women, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that nut intake for 1 to 3 times a week (OR=0.180, 95%CI: 0.088-0.367) and for 4 to 6 times a week (OR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.113-0.514) led to a reduced risk of handgrip strength loss among the elderly, and intake of sugary drinks for 4 to 6 times a week led to an increased risk of handgrip strength loss among the elderly (OR=2.298, 95%CI: 1.120-4.714) after adjustment for age, body mass index, educational level and exercise. Conclusion Intake of nuts and sugary drinks may affect the development of handgrip strength loss among the elderly.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation training on learning and memory ability and the expression of growth-associated protein-43(GAP-43)in rats with vascular dementia.Methods Forty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a rehabilitation group(n=20),an immobilization group(n=20),and a sham-operation group(n=4).The rats in the former 2 groups were operated on to establish the experimental vascular dementia model by repeatedly ischemia/reperfusion injury of brain induced by ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries and lowering of blood pressure induced by intraabdominal injection of sodium nitroprusside.The rats in rehabilitation group were administered with rotating bar and rolling cage exercises for 1 hour once daily,while those in the immobilization group were immobilized and without any exercise:the rats in sham-operation group could move freely in cage.Learning and memory tests were preformed by using step-down avoidance test at the 27th and 28th days after operation.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect GAP-43 expression in hippocampus CA1 area at different time points after operation. Results The rats in rehabilitation group demonstrated better learning and memory ability than those in immobilization group(P<0.01),and more GAP-43 expression in hippocampus CA1 ar-ea than those in immobilization group and sham-operation(P<0.01).Conclusion Rehabilitation training can im-prove the learning and memory ability of rats with experimental vascular dementia,and the mechanism is probably re-lated to the increase of GAP-43 in hippocampus CA1 area.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical outcomes of multi-ligaments reconstruction with single tendon in treating acute joint dislocation of the first carpometacarpal.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to October 2012, 4 patients with acute dislocation of the first carpometacarpal were treated with single carpi radialis longus tendon to reconstruct periarticular four ligaments, which included dorsal ligament, palmar ligament, dorsal radiocarpal ligament, and intermetacarpal ligament between the first and second. There were 3 males and 1 female aged from 22 to 63 years old with an average of 38.7. X-ray, JAMAR grid strength testing, range of motion of carpometacarpal joint and VAS score were used to evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 40 months with an average of 19 months. The wound were healed well at stage I. No dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint and signs of joints degeneration occurred on X-ray at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation. JAMAR grip strength recovered from 60 percent to 90 percent of health wide. The results of ROM showed 3 cases recovered flexion and extension of joints and 1 case limited adduction. VAS score was 0 to 1.

CONCLUSIONFor acute dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint, reconstruction four ligaments with single carpi radialis longus tendon can be considered the selected treatment,which can restores joint stability and improve joint function.

Adult ; Carpal Joints ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Ligaments, Articular ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Tendons ; surgery ; Young Adult