OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determining contents of 2 lignan components[dehydrodiisoeugenol and 2,3-dihydro-7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylened ioxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenyl-benzofuran(referred to“lignanoid 2”)]. METH-ODS:HPLC method was adopted. The column was Elite C18 with the mobile phase of water-methanol(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min;the detection wavelength was 225 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 20 μl. RE-SULTS:There was a good linear relationship between sample quantity and the peak area in the range of 0.202-2.02 μg(r=0.999 9) and 0.204-2.04 μg(r=0.999 9)for 2 lignan components. The RSD of precision,stability and repeatability tests were less than 2%with the average recovery of 101.54%(RSD=0.60%,n=6)and 99.43%(RSD=1.09%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,sensitive and accurate,and can be used for the quantization determination of dehydrodiisoeugenol and lignanoid 2 in nut-meg-5.

Objective To explore whether living in rural areas may reduce the risk of atopic sensitization. Methods The standardized questionnaires were answered by the parents of 2 986 school children during 2004 to 2005. Radioallergosorbent technique-fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (RAST-FEIA) was used to determine the level of specific IgE in the serum of the children. The risk factors were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results Compared with the subjects living in the towns from birth, the risk of atopic sensitization was lowest in the subjects living in the villages from birth (OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.11-0.62) and it was moderate in the subjects who had relocated from village to town (OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.28-0.92), there was a significant trend among them (P for trend

Objective To analyze the surgical treatment and pathological manifestations in patients with hyperparathyroidism. Methods The clinical data of 368 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy with hyperparathyroidism in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between Oct 1974 and Jan 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 368 cases underwent parathyroidectomy. There were 249 women (67.7%) and 119 men (32. 3% ). Parathyroid lesions were located in normal positions in 318 cases (86. 4% ), and in ectopic positions in 50 cases (13.6%). The pathology of 264 cases (71.7%) was adenoma, 91cases (24.7%) was hyperplasia, 11 cases (3.0%) was carcinoma, and two cases was parathyroid cyst. Postoperatively 257 cases (68.0%) presented with hypocalcaemia, and 159 cases (66. 0% ) recovered within 7 days. Conclusions The main pathological diagnosis was adenoma. It is common for a ectopic parathyroid gland in which a parathyroid lesion is located.

Adult ; Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Injuries ; complications ; diagnosis ; Vertebral Artery

Objective There is no enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique ( EMIT) reagent for therapeutic drug monito-ring ( TDM) in our country.The aim of this study was to compare the properties of self-developed kits and commercially imported kits in TDM, and to evaluate their feasibilities for routine TDM. Methods The sensitivities, accuracies and precisions of self-developed kits, Viva-E kit and AXSYM kits were evaluated by determining the quality control samples of carbamazepine, valproic acid and phe-nobarbital.Self-developed kits, Viva-E kit and AXSYM kits were employed to determine the concentrations of clinical serum samples of 83 cases of carbamazepine, 80 cases of valproic acid and 72 cases of phenobarbital separately, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results Recoveries of carbamazepine, valproic acid and phenobarbital were more than 90% for the three different kits. The recoveries of self-developed kits for the three drugs were in the range of 98.7%-103.9% and the limits of quantification of the self-developed kits for carbamazepine, valproic acid and phenobarbital were 2, 10, 5μg/mL, respectively.Precision was lower than 10%and its average relative deviation was less than 3%after single point correction.There were good correlations (R2>0.985) and no significant statistical difference between self-developed kits and AXSYM kits (P>0.05).Upper and lower 95%limits of agreement in Bland-Altman plots were (-1.32,1.26), (-15.24,15.17) and ( -3.69,3.00) for carbamazepine, valproic acid and phenobar-bital, respectively.About 5%of the points failed in the 95%confidence interval. Conclusion The self-developed kits showed good performance and are suitable for clinical use in TDM.

This study analyzed the current clinical terminology standardization, systematization research status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The previous version of the TCM clinical term system had some problems including imperfect classification structure, unclear relationship between concepts and so on, which made the TCM clinical terminology system(TCMCTS) difficult to support the clinical practice of TCM. The suggestions for system improvement were using ontology method to build TCMCTS concept model bases on the previous researches and data extracted from TCM clinical electronic medical record, and top-level-ontology accordance with ISO standards. The study also tried to summarize the ‘semantic network between classes’ through semantic relationships.

Objective To explore the occurrence of surgical site infection(SSI)in patients in different levels of hospitals.Methods SSI among patients in 47 hospitals at 0:00-24:00 of May 16,2012 were investigated by medi-cal record reviewing,doctor inquiry,and bed-side visiting.Results A total of 5 977 surgical patients were investiga-ted,SSI prevalence rate was 1 .76%.SSI prevalence rate in secondary hospitals was higher than tertiary hospitals (χ2 =9.337,P =0.002);SSI prevalence rates in clean-contaminated and contaminated incision in secondary hospi-tals were both higher than tertiary hospitals (χ2 =4.315,8.129,both P <0.05);departments with high SSI preva-lence rates were general surgery,orthopedic,and neurosurgery;the major isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus ,and coagulase negative Staphylococcus .Conclusion SSI rates of different types of incision and different departments are varied,corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.Methods Twenty-eight healthy male rats were injected streptozotocin at dose of 45 mg/kg by tail and be fed with normal diet for 4 weeks,then rats were randomly divided into iscbemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and ischemic preconditioning (IP) group.ST segment of electrocardiograph changes and arrhythmias of all rats were recorded before ischemia and 0,15,30 minuets after ischemia and 0.5,2 h after reperfusion.TTC staining was performed to determine myocardial infarct size.TUNEL assay was used to assesse cardiomyocyte apoptosis.The expression of antiapoptotic gene (Bcl-2) and proapoptotic (Bax) was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with I/R group,ST segment elevation of patients in IP group decrease from (0.675 ±0.150) mV to (0.489 ±0.161) mV at 30 min after ischemia(P ＜0.05).Meanwhile the onset of ventricular premature contraction(VPC) in IP group was (18.21 ± 5.36) min,later than that of control group ((6.47 ± 4.28) min,t =5.241,P =0.000).The duration of VPC was (6.07 ± 4.33) min,shorter than that of I/R group ((16.71 ± 5.48) min,t =4.924,P ＜ 0.01)).The incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) of lP group remarkably decreased compared with I/R group (VT:57.14％ (8/14) vs.14.29％ (2/14),x2 =5.600,P =0.018 ; VF:50.00％ (7/ 14) vs.14.29％ (2/14),x2 =4.094,P=0.043).The myocardial infarct size in IP group was (12.50 ± 9.45) ％,smaller than that of I/R group ((37.50 ± 11.40)％,t =3.211,P =0.006).Cardiomyocyte apoptotic index (AI) was attenuated in IP group than that of I/R group((24.31 ± 3.12)％ vs.(19.01 ± 4.32)％,t =3.227,P =0.006),which was correlate with increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax((0.103 ±0.045) vs.(0.221 ±0.101),t =2.670,P =0.015).Conclusion IP treatment for diabetic rats shows a protect effect on myocardial I/R injury through attenuating myocardial apoptosis,and increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Administration, Inhalation ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy

Objective To explore the clinical effect of embolectomy through incision of right atrium and inferior vena cava under normothermia cardiopulmonary bypass with beating heart + partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with tumor thrombus in right atrium and inferior vena cava.Methods The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted.The clinical data of 1 patient with HCC combined with tumor thrombus in right atrium and inferior vena cava who were admitted to the Peking University People's Hospital in December 2014 were collected.The patient underwent embolectomy through incision of right atrium and inferior vena cava under normothermia cardiopulmonary bypass with beating heart + partial hepatectomy.Observation indicators:(1) intra-and post-operative situations:intraoperative findings,operation time,cardiopulmonary bypass time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion,postoperative complication and duration of hospital stay;(2) postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up situation:survival of patient and tumor recurrence or metastasis.Follow-up using outpatient examination was performed to detect survival of patient and tumor recurrence or metastasis up to September 2016.Results (1) Intra-and post-operative situations size of tumor thrombus in right atrium,operation time,cardiopulmonary bypass time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,volumes of intraoperative red blood cell and blood plasma transfusions were 3.0 cm × 4.0 cm,630 minutes,85 minutes,4 000 mL,1 820 mL and 2 200 mL,respectively.The abnormal and transient liver and renal functions in early stage after surgery recovered quickly to the normal level.Patient with pleura1 effusion and pulmonary infection received active treatment,and then ventilator treatment was stopped at 5 days postoperatively and closed thoracic drainage-tube was removed at 15 days postoperatively.There was no occurrence of hemorrhage,bile leakage and wound infection.Patient was discharged from hospital at 25 days postoperatively.(2) Postoperative pathological examination:tumor with unclear boundary and gray-white section located in the right posterior lobe of the liver.Tumor thrombus in right atrium and inferior vena cava was gray-white,with a rough texture and size of 4.0 cm × 4.0 cm × 2.0 cm.Immunohistochemical staining dectection showed that liver cells,glypican 3 and CD34 were positive and alpha-fetoprotein was negative,with a positive index of Ki-67 of 15％.The moderate-differentiated HCC was confirmed by pathologic examination.(3) Follow-up situation:patient had a smooth recovery after discharge,without obvious discomfort.Hepatic arterial-venous fistula was confirmed at 45 days postoperatively by hepatic arterial angiography.Patient underwent preventive infusion chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and gemcitabine,and right hepatic arterial embolization with gelatin sponge.During the follow-up,patient received regular reexaminations of abdominal computed tomography and chest X-ray,without tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava and tumor recurrence.Conclusion Embolectomy through incision of right atrium and inferior vena cava under normothermia cardiopulmonary bypass with beating heart and partial hepatectomy are safe and feasible for patient with HCC combined with tumor thrombus in right atrium and inferior vena cava.