OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects of double-plating internal fixation for the treatment of medial tibial plateau fractures with fracture-dislocation type through combined anterior and inverted "L" posteromedial knee approaches.

METHODSFrom February 2010 to September 2013, 17 patients with medial tibial plateau fractures with fracture-dislocation type were treated by double-plating internal fixation at our department. Anterior knee approach was adopted for medial mass reduction and fixation,while the inverted "L" posteromedial approach was used for posteromedial mass. There were 11 males and 6 females, with an average age of 42 years old (ranged, 21 to 65 years old). The efficacy were investigated by comparing pre- and post-operative radiographic data, and by evaluating clinical symptoms using the HSS score system.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed with a mean time of 18 months (ranged, 11 to 25 months). The tibial-plateau varus angle immediately after operation and at the latest follow-up were respectively (87.8 ± 4.2)° and (88.2 ± 4.6)°, and there was no statistical difference (P = 0.458). The posterior slope angle immediately after operation and at the latest follow-up were respectively (10.1 ± 3.7)° and (10.3 ± 4.1)°, and there was no statistical difference (P = 0.512). The knee joint HSS score was 86.7 ± 6.1. No patient had complications such as infection, skin necrosis, internal fixation loosening or loss of fracture reduction.

CONCLUSIONDoubl-plating internal fixation through combined approaches is an ideal operation method for medial tibial plateau fractures with fracture-dislocation type, because it can provide clear surgical field, satisfactory reduction, reliable fixation, and chance for early functional exercise.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

The metabolism study of radiolabeled drugs plays an important role in the development of new drugs. It provides information on drug absorption, metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion, and plays an irreplaceable role in the metabolite safety evaluation and mass balance of new drugs. The new guidance draft on clinical trials of radiolabeled drugs recently released by the US FDA puts forward higher standards and has been widely concerned by the industry. In recent years, in the research and development of new drugs in China, ¹⁴C labeled drugs have been used to carry out clinical metabolism studies, which has overcome key technical bottlenecks and accumulated experience. This paper summarizes the above research progress, analyzes the existing problems, and preliminarily looks forward to the future technological development and application.

The validity of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)combined with HbA_1c in diagnosing diabetes was assessed in patients with coronary heart disease.The results showed that the paired determination of FPG and HbA_1c helped to identify potentially diabetic subjects in patients with coronary heart disease.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; chemistry ; Phosphines ; analysis ; blood ; poisoning

This study is to establish physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of famitinib in rat and monkey, and then to predict the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of famitinib in human based on the PBPK models. According to published paper, previous studies and the chemical properties of famitinib predicted by ACD/ADME suite and SimCYP, the PBPK models of rat and monkey were established and optimized using GastroPlus. And then, the PBPK models were applied to predict the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution of famitinib in human. The results showed that the PBPK models of rat and monkey can fit the observed data well, and the AUC0-∞, ratios of observed and calculated data in rat and monkey were 1.00 and 0.97, respectively. The AUC0-∞, ratios of observed and predicted data in human were 1.63 (rat to human) and 1.57 (monkey to human), respectively. The rat and monkey PBPK models of famitinib were well established, and the PBPK models were applied in predicting pharmacokinetic of famitinib in human successfully. Hence, the PBPK model of famitinib in human could be applied in future drug-drug interaction study.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacokinetics ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Indoles ; pharmacokinetics ; Models, Biological ; Pyrroles ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacokinetics ; Tissue Distribution

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for determining indigo and indirubin in Baphicacanthus cusia from different producing areas and medicinal parts. Methods The separation was achieved by an Agilent TC-C18 Column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) at 25 ℃ using methanol-water (75??25) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL??min-1.The detection wavelength was 290 nm. Results Indigo had a good linear relationship with peak area at range of 0. 051 3-0.820 8 μg (r=0.999 3).The recovery rate was 99.00% and RSD was 1.30% (n=6).Indirubin had a good linear relationship with peak area at range of 0.049 5-0.792 0 μg (r=0.999 9).The recovery rate was 98.88% and RSD was 1.51% (n=6). Conclusion The contents of the two components are obviously different in Baphicacanthus cusia because of different places or medicinal parts. The proposed method is simple, rapid and reliable. This method for determination of indigo and indirubin in Baphicacanthus cusia by RP-HPLC provides a basis for quality control of Baphicacanthus cusia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of free and pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flaps for repairing skin and soft tissue defects in limbs, neck, axillary and shoulder.

METHODSFrom October 2009 to Auguest 2011, 16 TDAP flaps were used to repair skin and tissue defects. Among them, five ipsilateral pedicled flaps were used to repair wounds in neck, axillary and shoulder. 11 free TDAP flaps were used to repair the wounds with bone or tendon exposure. In 12 cases, the flaps were pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-lateral branches-perforators, in 4 cases, pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-serratus anterior muscular branches-perforators. The deep fascia, the latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve were not included in all flaps. The flaps size ranged from 10 cm x 5 cm to 26 cm x 10 cm.

RESULTSAll 16 flaps survived completely with primary healing both at donor site and recipent area. After a follow-up of 3 to 24 months, all flaps gained good texture and appearance. Only linear scar was left at donor area. The shoulder could move freely.

CONCLUSIONSTDAP flap has good texture, long vascular pedicle,and reliable blood supply, leaving less morbidity at donor site. The latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve are also preserved. The pedicled TDAP flap is an ideal flap for repairing the ipsilateral skin and soft tissue defects of the neck, shoulder, axillary. The free TDAP flap is suited for repairing skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities.

Arteries ; Axilla ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Thoracic Wall ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

A pair of degenerate primers were designed based on NBS (nucleotide binding site, NBS) domain of resistance(R) gene and used to perform PCR with cDNA from the translocation line 6VS/6AL of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa. A clone (N7) characterized with NBS was obtained by sequencing analysis. Two specific primers were designed from the N7 sequence and used to screen a genomic TAC (transformation-competent artificial chromosome, TAC) library of 6VS/6AL consisting of ca. 2 x 10(6) clones. The library was stored as clone pools in twenty-two 96-well plates, each well containing approximately 1000 TAC clones. TAC plasmids were prepared from all the 2112 pools. Using a pooled PCR screening procedure, a positive TAC clone having a 40 kb insert was obtained. The positive clone was confirmed by Southern hybridization with the NBS fragment as a probe. The results indicate that the pooled PCR method is effective for screening of genomic libraries having large number of clones.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Blotting, Southern ; Chromosomes, Artificial ; Genomic Library ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Translocation, Genetic ; Triticum ; genetics

A simple and rapid method was developed based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine sivelestat and its metabolite XW-IMP-A in human plasma. After a simple protein precipitation, the samples and internal standards were analyzed on a C18 column by a gradient elution program. The mobile phase consisted of 30% acetonitrile in methanol and 5 mmol · L(-1) ammonium acetate at a flow rate of 0.7 mL · min(-1). The mass spectrometric data was collected in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in the negative electrospray ionization. The standard curves were linear in the range of 10.0-15,000 ng · mL(-1) for sivelestat, and 2.50-1000 ng · mL(-1) for XW-IMP-A. The low limits of quantitation were identified at 10.0 and 2.50 ng · mL for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision were within 11.3% and 13.1% for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, and accuracy was 0.3% and 0.6% for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, within the acceptable limits across all concentrations. The method was successfully validated in the pharmacokinetic study of sivelestat in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Glycine ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Humans ; Inosine Monophosphate ; blood ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sulfonamides ; blood ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A sensitive, rapid and accurate liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method with pre-column derivatization was developed for the simultaneous determination of erdosteine and its thiol-containing active metabolite in human plasma. Paracetamol and captopril were chosen as the internal standard of erdosteine and its active metabolite, respectively. Aliquots of 100 microL plasma sample were derivatized by 2-bromine-3'-methoxy acetophenone, then separated on an Agilent XDB-C18 (50 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 1.8 microm) column using 0.1% formic acid methanol--0.1% formic acid 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate as mobile phase, in a gradient mode. Detection of erdosteine and its active metabolite were achieved by ESI MS/MS in the positive ion mode. The linear calibration curves for erdosteine and its active metabolite were obtained in the concentration ranges of 5-3 000 ng x mL(-1) and 5-10 000 ng x mL(-1), respectively. The lower limit of quantification of erdosteine and its active metabolite were both 5.00 ng x mL(-1). The pharmacokinetic results of erdosteine and its thiol-containing active metabolite showed that the area under curve (AUC) of the thiol-containing active metabolite was 6.2 times of that of erdosteine after a single oral dose of 600 mg erdosteine tables in 32 healthy volunteers, The mean residence time (MRT) of the thiol-containing active metabolite was (7.51 +/- 0.788) h, which provided a pharmacokinetic basis for the rational dosage regimen.
Administration, Oral ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Thioglycolates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Thiophenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics