Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Daunorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a guinea pig model for diagnostic reagent of tuberculosis.Methods By single or multiple subcutaneous injection of heat-killed H37 Rv in different doses in the groin of guinea pigs to establish a model of positive response to 0.1 mL (5 IU) standard tuberculin ( TB-PPD) skin test.Results Three doses of heat-killed H37 Rv ( 0.2 mg/mL, 0.3 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL ) could be used to generate the model of biological diagnosis of tuberculosis.After 24 and 48 hours, the diameter of red spot by TB-PPD skin test was 15.4 ±2.3 mm when a dose of 0.2 mg/mL heat-killed H37 Rv was administered for immunizing and allergizing the guinea pigs.The biggest red spot was induced at doses of 0.3 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL.The test results showed that the immune response induced by multiple njection to immunizing and allergizing guinea pigs was not significantly different than that induced by single immunizing injection, and the first skin test was better than the second, third and fourth skin test (P≤0.05).In addition, the body weight of the guinea pigs was still increasing after infection with heat-killed H37 Rv, and ulcers occurred in the injection sites in some guinea pigs.Conclusions A single subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg/mL heat-killed H37 Rv in guinea pigs can be used well to establish a reliable model for biological diagnostic reagent of tuberculosis.Increasing the sensitizing dose and multiple sensitization can not increase the intensity of the delayed-type hypersensitivity ( DTH) response.

Objective To investigate the awaken effect of naloxon on dexmedetomidine anesthetized mice and its mechanism. Methods Thirty Kunming mice of clean grade were randomly divided into 3 groups which included NAL group (Naloxon group), ATI group(Atipamezole group)and NS group (Normal Saline group). All groups were given dexme?detomidine 1 mg·kg-1 intraperitoneally. Naloxon 2 mg·kg-1, atipamezole 2 mg·kg-1 and normal saline 10 mL·kg-1 were ran?domly given intraperitoneally to the NAL, ATI and NS group respectively 90 minutes after dexmedetomidine administration. At timepoints prior to dexmedetomidine administration and 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 95, 105, 120, 180 minutes after it, the sedative and analgesic effects besides recovery time (based on restore of righting reflex loss) were assessed. Results Sedation and analgesia effects became apparent within 5 minutes, and peaked at approximately 60 minutes then spontaneously recovered at 180 minutes after injection of dexmedetomidine. The sedative and analgesic effects were reduced in both ATI and NAL groups. Compared with ATI group, the sedation scores were higher at 95, 105 and 120 minutes after dexmedetomidine admin?istration than those in NAL group (P<0.05) but the scores were not statistically significant at 180 minutes between these two groups. Compared with NS group, the sedation scores were lower at time points of 95, 105, 120 and 180 minutes than those in NAL group (P>0.05). The analgesic scores were not statistically significant at time points of 95, 105, 120 and 180 min?utes between NAL group and ATI group, but they were lower in NAL group compared with NS group at timepoints of 95, 105 and 120 minutes (P>0.05). The recovery time in ATI and NAL group were shorter than that in NS group (F=1 793.368, P<0.05), but it showed no statistical difference between ATI group and NAL group (P>0.05). Conclusion Naloxone had a certain awaken effect on dexmedetomidine anesthetized mice.

Objective To introduce our experiences of reconstruct the first web space using flaps.Methods One hundred and twelve patients sustained contracture of the first, summarized the indications of different flaps in coverage of the first webspace and their prognosis of these flaps were retrospectively reviewed.Results The local flaps, such as double Z-plasty or Z-plasty, were suitable to cover minor contracture of the first webspace; the dorsal flap arising from the index finger was suitable for the coverage of the medium contracture, and the posterior interosseous artery flap or the reverse antebrachial island flap based on the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery suitable for the severe cases. Conclusion The usage of flaps is important to resume the cosmetic shape and function of the first webspace after release of the contracture of the first webspace.

Objective To investigate the filtration roles of microporous membranes with different pore sizes in the tumor cells with different diameters,and effects on the filtered cells.Methods Three kinds of tumor cells with different cell diameters and same concentrations,including Jurkat,K562 and A549,were filtered by the polycarbonate microporous membranes with different pore sizes such as 1,3,5,8 and 10 μm,respectively,and their filtration rates were determined.The diameters of three kinds of tumor cells before and after filtration,and the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde,were measured by an optical microscope.The activity of the filtered K562 cells were detected by the trypan blue staining.After the filtered K562 cells were re-cultured,their proliferation activity was analyzed by the growth curve.Results Jurkat,K562 and A549 cells couldn't pass the filter membrane with 1 μm of pore size.The filtration rates of three kinds of tumor cells passing the fliter membranes with 3 μm,5 μm,8 μm and 10 μm of pore sizes increased in turn.The survival rate of K562 cells filtered by 3 μm of pore size of membrane was 92.0％,and the proliferation acticity of re-cultured K562 cells was still strong.The filtration rate of the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde was significantly decreased,and the average diameter of the filtered cells had no obvious change.Conclusion The living cells are able to pass the membranes with the pore sizes less than their diameters.The living cells passed the filter membranes may still maintain their growth and proliferation activity.However,the fixation of formaldehyde may significantly reduce the number of cells passed the membrane.

The relationship between tyrosine phosphorylation (TP) and protein expression of insulin receptor (InsR) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was investigated. The InsR expression and TP in skeleton muscle tissue were determined by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation in women with GDM (GDM group, n=22), normal pregnant women (normal pregnancy group, n=22) and normal non-pregnant women (normal non-pregnant group, n=13). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured by oxidase assay and immunoradioassay. The results showed that the levels of FPG (5.61±0.78 mmol/L), FINS (15.42±5.13 mU/L) and Homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) (1.21±0.52) in GDM group were significantly higher than those in normal pregnancy group (4.43±0.46 mmol/L, 10.56±3.07 mU/L and 0.80±0.31 respectively) (P<0.01). The levels of FINS and HOMA-IR in normal pregnancy group were significantly higher than those in normal non-pregnant group (7.56±2.31 mU/L and 0.47±0.26 respectively) (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the InsR expression level among the three groups (P>0.05). TP of InsR with insulin stimulation was significantly decreased in GDM group (0.20±0.05) as compared with normal pregnancy group (0.26±0.06) (P<0.01). TP of InsR with insulin stimulation in normal pregnancy group was lower than that in normal non-pregnant group (0.31±0.06) (P<0.01). TP of InsR with insulin stimulation was negatively related with HOMA-IR in GDM group (r=-0.525, P<0.01). There was no correlation between the protein expression of InsR and HOMA-IR in GDM group (r=-0.236, P>0.05). It was suggested that there is no significant correlation between the protein expression of InsR in skeletal muscle and IR in GDM, but changes in TP of InsR are associated with IR in GDM.

A method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to detect the endogenous metabolites changes in plasma of normal rats, rats of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency and Astragalus flavone component intervention rats. Metabolism map of rat plasma was obtained and the mechanism of Astragalus flavonoids on dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency was studied. Rat model with dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency was established by high fat and low protein diet plus load swimming. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of rat plasma sample, and 0.05％ formic acid water with 0.05％ formic acid acetonitrile as the mobile phase was applied in gradient elution with Halo C18 chromatographic column. In this study, partial least squares discriminant analysis and variance analysis were used to screen the potential biomarkers, it was found that the metabolic profile of the Astragalus flavonoids was different from that of the model group, which was close to that of the normal group. A total of 11 potential biomarkers were identified, including glycerol phospholipids, sphingolipids, amino acids, and so on. The metabolic pathways of biomarkers including three tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and so on, which mainly related to energy metabolism and fat metabolism in the body. Related indexes of rats with syndrome of spleen deficiency of water and dampness were significantly callback after Astragalus flavone intervention, including macro indicators such as body weight, independent activities and micro indicators such as metabolic markers, blood lipids and others. The result showed that Astragalus flavonoids played the role of strengthening the spleen and draining the water mainly through regulating the energy metabolism, fat metabolism and so on.

Objective To introduce the clinical application of the extended anterolateral leg flap,which is based on the superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery. Methods Through anatomic study on the blood supplies of the skin over the anterolateral portion of the leg.The combined superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery could extend the size of the traditional anterolateral leg flap.In addition,the point of pivot of the extended anterolateral leg flap could locate at the level of the lateral malleolus,which decreases the distance between the flap and recipient site.Clinically,we have used the extended anterolateral leg flaps in 60 patients to cover skin defect over the feet.The flap ranged from 16 cm×10 cm(pedicle length 8.0 cm)to 26 cm×7 cm(pedicle length 6.0 cm). Results In the series, the flap survived in 53 patients(88.3%)unevently,and partial necrosis occurred in 7 patients(11.7%).Conclusion Based on the combined superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery,the size of the traditional anterolateral leg flap could be inceased,which enlarges its value on the coverage of skin defects over the feet.

The clinical care is an important part of hospital management,nursing management is facing greater challenges during the hospital expansion,To enhance the effectiveness of nursing management and adhere to sound management of diversity program basing on the excellent nursing staff,the OEC management model was implemented.The clinical guidance and rule was formulated and implemented so as to promote "quality care demonstration project" and improve care quality,ensure the care orderly working during the hospital expansion,and enhance hospital's overall competitiveness.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of CYP450 enzyme inhibition of berberine in pooled human liver microsomes by cocktail probe drugs.

METHODCocktail probe drugs method has been established, an LC-MS/MS analytical method has been established to determine the five probes of midazolam, phenacetin, dextromethorphan, tolbutamide, chlorzoxazone and the internal standard was benzhydramine to evaluate the effect of CYP450 activity following administration of berberine in pooled human liver microsomes.

RESULTCompared with control group, the pharmacokinetics of midazolam, phenacetin and tolbutamide were no significant differences, but the pharmacokinetics of chlorzoxazone was significantly decreased. There were no significant differences for the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan when the concentration of berberine was 50 microg x L(-1). The pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan was significantly decreased when the concentration of berberine was exceed 200 microg x L(-1).

CONCLUSIONBerberine has no influence on the activities of CYP3A4, CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 below 2 000 microg x L(-1), but can inhibit the activity of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 in concentration-dependent.

Berberine ; pharmacology ; Chlorzoxazone ; pharmacokinetics ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Dextromethorphan ; pharmacokinetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Microsomes, Liver ; enzymology ; Midazolam ; pharmacokinetics ; Phenacetin ; pharmacokinetics ; Tolbutamide ; pharmacokinetics