Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality rate among malignant tumors. Early diagnosis and effective treat-ment are the keys to improving the survival of lung cancer patients. A type of endogenous, highly conserved, non-coding small mole-cule RNA (i.e., miRNA) was found to play an important role in the occurrence and development of this disease. Research on this molec-ular marker miRNA for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer has rapidly progressed. This paper reviews the research work on miRNA as a molecular marker in the early diagnosis, treatment efficacy, and prognosis of lung cancer and explores some ques-tions related to this disease.

Purpose To investigate the expression and clinical significance of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).Methods The human tissue specimens were paraffin-embedded blocks which were collected from the Department of Pathology.miR-21 was detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) in 90 cases of PCa and 69 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Results The ISH data showed that the positive rate of miR-21 in PCa (71.1％) was significantly higher than that in BPH (24.6％) (P ＜ 0.05),the expression of miR-21 correlated with the Gleason grade (P ＜ 0.05),and no relationship was observed with other clinicpathological features (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The miR-21 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCa,which can be a new diagnostic target for PCa.

To observe different expression patterns of β-catenin and its clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods A total of 181 cases of CRC tissues and 30 cases of normal colorectal tissue were investigated by immunohistochemistry for the expression of β-catenin.Results The expression rate of β-catenin was 56.9％ (103/181) in CRC,and higher than that in normal colorectal tissue (P ＜ 0.05).The overexpression of nuclear β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05),and no relationship with other pathological parameters,such as age,gender and the depth of infiltration.The incomplete membranous expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,the depth of infiltration,lymph node metastasis and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05).The high expression of nuclear β-catenin related to histological differentiation and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05).In the follow-up data of 82 cases of CRC,the expression of nuclear β-catenin was associated with poor prognosis,and the 5-year survival rate was significantly lower than that of self-control groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion β-catenin plays important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis.Abnormal expression of β-catenin was related to the aggressive progression of CRC and may be helpful for evaluating the prognosis of patients with CRC.β-catenin is expected to become a new target for diagnosis and treatment of CRC in future.

Objective To observe the clinical effect on sleep improvement about acupoint application in treating the chronic insomnia of Liver-stagnation and Spleen-deficiency Syndrome.Methods A total of 68 patients with chronic insomnia with Liver-stagnation and Spleen-deficiency Syndrome were randomly and blindly divided into treatment group and control group by registration order. In the treatment process, 1 was eliminated and 33 were completed in the treatment group, 2 were eliminated and 32 were completed in the control group. The treatment group underwentAn Mian Tietherapy half an hour before bed and the control group underwent placebo therapy in the same way of treatment group. Two groups were treated for 40 days and followed-up visit six months. The change of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI), Index Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and TCM Syndromes Scale were detected.Results The clinical total effective rate of treatment group was 72.7% and the control group was 9.4%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=46.977,P<0.01). The PSQI scores after treatment (7.55 ± 1.52vs. 13.90 ± 2.44,t=148.165), and follow up 1 month (8.97 ± 2.51vs. 13.17 ± 2.79,t=37.926) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The ISI scores after treatment (7.03 ± 3.37vs. 20.89 ± 4.40,t=73.75), and follow up 1 month (9.81 ± 3.16vs. 19.41 ± 3.66,t=40.79) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The TCM Syndromes Scale scores after treatment (2.05 ± 1.09vs. 6.98 ± 1.23,t=17.116), and follow up 1 month (4.06 ± 1.59vs. 6.83 ± 0.91,t=68.055) and follow up 6 month (5.12 ± 1.84vs. 7.19 ± 1.07,t=27.716) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).Conclusions Acupoint application could obviously change the sleep quality and Chinese medicine symptom in chronic insomnia of Liver-stagnation and Spleen-deficiency Syndrome.

The three-dimensional visualization model of human body duct is based on virtual anatomical structure reconstruction with duct angiography,which realizes virtual model transferred from two-dimensional,planar and static images into three-dimensional,stereoscopic and dynamic ones repectively.In recent years,the multi-duct segmentation and division of the same specimen (or organ) is the focus of attention shared by surgeons and clinical anatomists.On the basis of 4.22 g/cm3 body bone density,this study has screened out metal oxide contract agent with different density for infusion and modeling,as well as compared and analyzed the effects of three-dimensional image of CT virtual bronchoscopy (CTVB),three-dimensional image of CT maximum intensity projection and three-dimensional model.This experiment result showed synchronously infusing multi-duct of same specimen (or organ) with contrast agent in different densities could reconstruct three-dimensional models of all ducts once only and adjust threshold to develop single or multiple ducts.It was easier to segment and observe the duct structure,anastomosis,directions and crossing in different parts,which was beyond comparison with three-dimensional image of CTVB.Although the existing three-dimensional duct reconstruction techniques still cannot be applied in living bodies temporarily,this study focused on a creative design of ducts segmentation in different density,which proposed a new experimental idea for developing multi-duct three-dimensional model in living body in the future.It will play a significant role in disease diagnosis and individual design in surgical treatment program.Therefore,this study observes the three-dimensional status of human duct with the application of contrast agent fillers in different density,combined with three-dimensional reconstruction technology.It provides an innovative idea and method for constructing three-dimensional model of digital multi-duct specimen,and the ultimate goal is to develop the digitized virtual human and precise medical treatment better and faster.

Aim To evaluate the potency of anti-D. acutus venom IgY neutralizing the main activities of D. acutus venom.Methods After mixing the different a-mounts of IgY with snake venom and incubating togeth-er,the main activities of snake venom were assayed by biochemical methods.Results The in vitro assays in-dicated that anti-D.acutus venom IgY obviously neu-tralized the activities of PLA2 ,5′-nucleotidase,hyalu-ronidase,metalloprotease and serine proteinase (fi-brinogenase)in D.acutus venom.Mouse experiments showed that the ED50 value of IgY for mouse was 1 131.09 μg.Conclusion Anti-D.acutus venom IgY antibodies have good effects in neutralizing D.acutus venom without the toxicities themselves.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Yishen decoction (ZGJTYS) on the expression of nephrin and podocin in podocyte of MKR mice with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and explore its mechanism. Methods Forty MKR mice (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups as follows:negative control group (group A), DN model group (group B), ZGJTYS group (group C) and positive control group (group D, Gliquidone and benazepri). All mice from group B, C and D were received high-fat diet feed and unilateral nephrectomy. Four weeks after operation, all mice were received drug intervention, and four weeks later, all mice were put to death. The levels of UmAlb were observed by ELISA, the serum BUN and Cr by biochemical, and the FBG by electrochemical detection method. The nephrin and podocin mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR and the protein expression by western blotting. The morphological structure changes of the podocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopes. Results As compared with group A, FBG, BUN, SCr and urine UmAlb in the mice of group B increased significantly (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly decreased (P<0.01). After intervention of drugs, all biochemical indicators above in the mice of group C and D significantly decreased (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), compared with group B. The renal pathological lesions of group C and D were significantly improved compared with group B. Conclusion ZGJTYS decoction exerts reno-protective effect via reinstating nephrin and podocin expression to repair the damaged podocyte.

Objective To investigate plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and relationship between hs-CRP levels and cardiac function. Methods The serum hs-CRP concentrations in 894 CHD patients diagnosed by coronary angiography and 141 healthy controls were measured by particle enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Results The median of hs-CRP levels was 1.70 (0.13-19.53 ) mg/L and abnormal ratio was 37.6% (336/894), that were significantly higher in CHD group than healthy controls [0. 99(0. 13-19. 53) rag/L, 7. 1% (10/141) ] (Z=-6. 476,X<'2> = 50. 882, P <0.01 ). The median of hs-CRP levels was 5.35 (0. 18-19. 10) mg/L and abnormal ratio was 63.9% (92/144), that were much higher in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group than in old myocardial infarction (OMI) group [2.27 (0.13-19.19) mg/L, 43.7% (129/295) ] (Z = -3.353 ,X<'2> = 15. 732, P <0. 01 ). The median of hs-CRP levels was 1.45 (0.19-19.53) mg/L in unstable angina pectoris(UAP) group and abnormal ratio was 29.1% (73/251), that were was higher in stable angina pectoris (SAP) group [1.04 (0.13-16.31 ) mg/L, 20. 6% (42/204) ] (Z=-2.981, P = 0.003;X<'2> = 4.30, P=0.038 ) . Furthermore, Kruskal-Wallis test showed the concentrations of hs-CRP and NT-proBNP was increased along with increment of CHD severity (NYHA functional classification) (X<'2> = 120.185,424.945, P <0.001 ). Multivariate analysis showed that hs-CRP levels positively correlated with NYHA functional classification ( r = 0.328, P <0.01 ) as well as NT-proBNP levels (r=0.413, P <0.01 ). Conclusion Serum hs-CRP level increases along with CHD severity, indicating that hs-CRP may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of CHD.

Objective To retrospectively analyse the anterior and posterior surgical approaches in treatment of unstable burst thoracolumbar fractures and compare radiographic measurement parameters of beth surgical techniques so as to provide references for surgical treatment of such kind of fracture. Methods The study selected 41 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fracture treated with either anterior neurodecomprossion and fixation (n=19) or posterior reposition and internal fixation by pedicle screw (n=22) from January 2003 to December 2005. All patients were followed up for 24-48 months ( mean 38 months) and divided into anterior approach group and posterior approach group. Sagittal alignment was assessed by the Cobb angle depending on lateral radiographs. Results The Cobb angle of the anterior approach group was average 27.3°on admission but 3.1°postoperatively and 4.6° at follow-up; while the Cobb angle of posterior approach was average 26.1° on admission, 3.0°postoperatively and 12.5°at follow-up. There was no statistical difference between Cobb angle on admission and postoperative one (P>0.05) but showed significant differences between them at follow-up ( P<0.01). Conclusion The anterior surgical approach can consistently yield better maintenance of kyphotic correction compared with the posterior surgical approach.

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between arachidonic acid (AA) and acute red blood cells damage in rats, and to build a model with hidden blood loss in vivo, and to explore the pathological mechenism of hidden blood loss.

METHODSA total of 50 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (200 ± 20) g were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): control group and four experimental groups. The rats in the experimental groups were given 0.5 ml different concentrations of AA dilu- ents, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L respectively. The blood samples were collected from orbital venous at the beginning and 24, 48, 72 hours after administration. Then the changes of hemoglobin (Hb) ,red blood cell count (RBC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH- PX) activity, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H202) in the blood samples were tested.

RESULTSSignificant hidden blood loss occurred when the concentration was 10 mmol/L in the experimental group, with the RBC and Hb sharply reduced in blood samples. The Hb and RBC were reduced in all the experimental groups and control group at 24 hours after administration, while in the experimental groups they changed more obviously. The GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were also significantly reduced in all groups, and the changes showed significant differences. The Hb and RBC were relatively stable in the control group and the experimental groups at 48 hours after administration; while GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were all significantly decreased, and the changes in the experimental groups were more notable.

CONCLUSIONElevated levels of AA in the blood causes oxidative stress in the red blood cells, leading to the damage of red blood cells and hemoglobin, which is responsible for hidden blood loss.

Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; toxicity ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood