According to the large-scale investigation on the positive rates of serum HBV markers in hospital population, the HBV infection rate in Chinese population went down gradually and the infection rate of HBV was markedly lower in the low age people. Applying epidemiological principle to design,technology standardization,multiple-center survey were the premise of reliable data on HBV infection rate in hospital population, which could be used as important basis of decision making on prevention and control.

Statement of the importance of the basic legal principles for both the law and law operation,demarcation of the scope of the basic principles for the general health law,and establishment of the legal interests under its protection.The paper proposes that the cornerstones of the general health law should observe the three basic principles of protection of citizens' healthy life,improvement of health conditions,and safeguard public health and safety,with the three clearly stipulated in the law.

Adult ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Major infectious diseases affect human health seriously .In order to prevent , control and treat diseases effectively , the key lies in rapid detection and identification of pathogens .Rapid development and wide application of molecular biological techniques , such as PCR, gene sequencing and bio-chip technology , have greatly improved the prevention , control and treatment of major infectious diseases .The future development trend is to establish an accurate , rapid, high-throughput , portable and intelligent diagnostic technology of molecular biology .

Hepatitis B virus has a high degree of genetic variation. Multiple selection pressure,exerted by vaccine,antiviral drugs and diagnostic reagents,might favor certain mutations of HBV. HBV variation under the selective pressure may affect the pathogenesis of HBV-related liver disease,immunization effect,antiviral efficacy and laboratory tests.In this paper,we summarize the molecular characteristics and its significance of HBV variants,which will help us to manage hepatitis B.

HBV infection is the key factor that causes liver inflammation,liver injury and immune dysfunction.Chronic hepatitis caused by HBV,a non-cytotoxic virus,is a kind of immune injury induced by liver cells that clear virus infection in immune system.Effector T lymphocyte plays a central role in immune system to clear HBV in liver cells,and the outcome of HBV infection is directly influenced by its functions and quantity.After antiviral therapy for patients with sustained HBV infection,whether to restore and rebuild immune function is critical in achieving ideal end point of treatment.Technologies,mainly including stimulation and culture of HBV antigen,flow cytometry,enzyme-linked immunoassay to detect cytokines,etc,are used in detection of HBV-specific T lymphocytes.

Objective HPLC was used to establish a method for determination of rutin in herba crisii. Methods Lichrospher C18 column(4.6 mm?200 mm,5?m)was used with methoanol-acetic acid(35∶65) as mobile phase,flow rate being 1.0 mL/min,column temperature at 30℃,detection wavelength at 254 nm.Results The content of rutin in herba crisii was 0.5808 mg/g.Conclusions The method is proved to be simple,rapid,and accurate.It can be applied to content determination of rutin in herba crisii.

Objective:To investigate the effect of PHB/PEO polymer combined with nerve growth factor in the peripheral nerve injury.Method:The male SD rats were treated with autogentic neural transplantation,xenogenic neural transplantation under the immunosuppression,transplantation of PHB/PEO polymer combined with nerve growth factor and PHB/PEO guidance transplantation,respectively.The nerve function and the nerve anatomic structure were evaluated by the sciatic function index(SFI),nerval electrophysiology test,nerve fiber number and electron microscope.Result:The SFI,nerve conduction velocity,nerve fiber number and the regeneration of nerve fiber and myeline sheath of the PHB/PEO polymer combined with nerve growth factor group is similar to the autogentic neural transplantation group,and is better than the xenogenic neural transplantation group and PHB/PEO guidance group significantly.Conclusion:The effect of PHB/PEO polymer combined with nerve growth factor is similar to the autogentic neural transplantation,and is better than the xenogenic neural transplantation and PHB/PEO guidance significantly in the repair of sciatic nerve injury.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the endocrine disruptor chemicals(EDCs) on female workers' reproductive system function and the correlation between female reproductive disorders and EDCs.Methods:All 2 893 subjects are female workers of a factory in Chongqing,with 1 652 as exposed group and 1 241 as control group.The data were derived from the gynecological examination.Results:The results showed that the rate of abnormal menstruation in exposed group(14.8%) was significantly(P