Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

italic>Cannabis sativa, one of the ancient medicinal plants, has been used to alleviate pain and seizures. However, cannabinoids are often addictive, which limits their clinical use. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, has much weaker adverse effects than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and therefore has received widespread attention. CBD has been found to ameliorate a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, but the precise mechanism(s) of action are still unclear. Due to its low affinity for classical cannabinoid receptors current studies are focusing on other targets outside the endocannabinoid system. In the present review we mainly summarize the effects and molecular mechanisms of CBD in neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, and depression.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate ointment in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Methods A randomized comparative clinical observation was performed in 68 patients with pso-riasis vulgaris, they were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group of 34 cases was treated with fluticasone propionate ointment and the control group of 34 cases with kenacort-A ointment. The response was evaluated at 6 weeks. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 94.1% and 70.6% in the control group after 6 weeks. There was a significant difference between the two groups in treatment effective rate(P<0.01). Conclusion It is effective and safety for fluticasone propionate ointment in the treatment of psoriasis vulgar-is.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of endovenous laser treatment(EVLT) in the treatment of varicose veins in lower limbs. Methods A total of 450 cases of varicose veins in lower limbs(606 limbs) received EVLT with 940 nm diode laser under a continuous mode from October 2003 to February 2006.All the patients were evaluated with color ultrasonography after the operation.Results The follow-up duration was 2～29 months(mean,16 months).Satisfactory effects were achieved in XXX cases,with varicose veins subsided and sense of swelling and heaviness significantly relieved.In 49 cases accompanying active ulcers before operation,the ulcer healed within 10 days after operation in 44 cases and within 16 days in 5 cases.Five cases experiencing a heat injury were dismissed from hospital on the 7th day after operation.Conclusions EVLT is a minimally invasive operation possessing safety,simple performance,and effectiveness,and without leaving any scar.It is an ideal method in the treatment of varicose veins of lower limbs.

Objective To explore the value of strain rate imaging (SRI) technology in the diagnosis of hypertension patient with re-gional left ventricular early diastolic dysfunction. Methods 50 essential hypertension patients were divided into hypertension Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ, including 31 patients with normal left ventricular and 19 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. 25 healthy people were used as the control group. SRI was done in the six different basal myocardial segments and the parameters of SRI were compared with that of Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) and pulse Doppler (PW). Results In the hypertension group, SRe of the six different basal myocardial segments was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), but (SRa) of hypertension group was higher (P<0.05). SRe was negatively correlated with the patients'illness development (r=-0.89, P<0.05), but SRa was positively correlated (r=0.97, P<0.05). And the SRe/SRa<1 detection rate of Group Ⅱ was higher than that in Group Ⅰ, and the ratio in the control group was lowest(P<0.05). Total detection rate of SRI (88%) was higher than Em/Am <1 of DTI (79.67%) and E/A < 1 of PW(60%), and these changes were more obvious in Group Ⅰ. SRI was higher than DTT and PW (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional technology and methods, SRI could pro-vide more accurate diagnoses to hypertension patient with regional left ventricular early diastolic dysfunction.

Objectives:To investigate the association and the prognostic significance of the expression of telomerase activity (TA) and apoptosis (APO) in tissues of primary breast cancer.Methods:TRAP-PCR and ELISA were developed to detect the expression of TA,and make quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively.TUNEL was also used to evaluate apoptosis cells in cancer lesions and count apoptosis index (AI).The expression levels of proteins of oncogene Bcl-2 and p53 were measured by means of S-P immunohistochemistry.Results:The mean TA positive expression rate was 89.8%,and its mean optic density was (A) 0.63±0.29,which were significantly higher than those of normal tissues and benign breast lesions (P<0.05).The 5 years survival rate of patients with positive TA expression was lower (60.3%) than those of negative expression (77.4%).There were no relations between TA expression and patients ages,TNM staging,lymph nodes metastasis,size,locations and pathological types of cancer.But TA was positively correlated with APO (r=0.733 1,P<0.05) and the protein expression of oncogene Bcl-2 (r=0.781 4,P<0.05) and negatively correlated with that of p53 (r=-0.625 5,P<0.05).Moreover,in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy,the levels of TA expression were much lower than those without chemotherapy (64.7% vs 85.1%),and the former had higher AI than the latter (7.19±3.75% vs 3.23±2.04%),intraarterial chemotherapy group were superior significantly to adjuvant group (P<0.05).Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis showed that only TA and AI influenced the survival time of primary breast cancer patients,and patients with higher positive TA expression and AI>4.0% had shorter survival time than those of negative TA expression and AI<4.0% patients.Conclusions:There was a significant correlation between TA and APO and its related oncogene Bcl-2,p53.TA and APO are of great diagnostic values,therapeutic helps and prognostic significance in the formation and the development of primary breast cancer.

Objective To prepare recombinant human prothrombin-2 expressed in Pichia pastoris, and assay the enzymatic and clotting activities of prothrombin-2 activated by prothrombin activator ecarin.Methods Human prothrombin-2 gene and Echis carinatus ecarin gene were synthesized separately on the basis of the cDNA sequences published in GenBank.The gene of prothrombin-2 was cloned into the expression vector pPICZαA.The expression vector pPICZαA/prothrombin-2 was transformed into glycoengineered P.pastoris, and then prothrombin-2 engineered P.pastoris was screened.The expression products were induced by methanol, purified by two-step chromatography and identified by diges-tion by PNGase F and analysis of pepetide fingerprint.The ecarin gene was cloned into the expression vector pcDNA3.1. The expression vector pcDNA3.1/Ecarin was transformed into HEK 293T cells and the culture supernatant of HEK 293T/Ecarin was collected.The reaction product of HEK 293T/Ecarin cell culture supernatant and purified prothrombin-2 was analyzed by S-2238,which was the chromogenic substrate for thrombin.Fibrinogen was used to measure blood clotting time. Results The purified protein of P.pastoris expressed prothrombin-2 culture supernatant was 37 ×103 .The relative molecular mass(Mr) of the purified protein was reduced to 35 ×103, which was consistent with the theoretical Mr of prothrombin-2 molecular weight.The purified protein was proved to be prothrombin-2 by peptide fingerprint identification. The purified prothrombin-2 processed by HEK 293T/Ecarin culture supernatant could hydrolyze S-2238 to produce yellow pNA, and D405 of pNA increased with the volume of the processed prothrombin-2 that could promote the plasma coagulation.The blood clotting time was close to that of the thrombin kit.Conclusion Prothrombin-2 is prepared by P.pastoris and activated toα-thrombin by ecarin.This technique may replace the method of extraction of prothrombin from plasma and can be used for the treatment of war wounds or for future clinical research.

AIM:To compare the synthesis efficiency of n3 and n6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ( VLC-PUFA ) by overexpressing ELOVL4 protein, providing guidance for treating Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3).
METHODS:To establish recombinant adenovirus with the ELOVL4 protein and green fluorescent protein, transferred into cultured PC12 cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups: PC12, PC12 + Ad- GFP and PC12 + Ad-ELOVL4, former two groups serve as controls. ELOVL4 gene expression was quantified by qRT-PCRs. ELOVL4 protein was analyzed by Western - Blot ( WB ) . The transduced cells were treated with both EPA and AA (1:1). After 48h of incubation, cells were collected, total lipids extracted and fatty acid methyl esters prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .
RESULTS:When supplemented together, 20:5n3 (EPA) and 20:4n6 ( AA) were efficiently taken up at almost the same amounts in the PC12 cells regardless of ELOVL4 expression. The ELOVL4-expressing cells elongated both EPA and AA to a series of n3 and n6 VLC-PUFAs. From 20:5n3/EPA, 34:5n3 and 36:5n3 account for 0. 71% and 1.6%, respectively. From 20:4n6/DHA, 34:4n6 and 36:4n6 were only 0. 46% and 0. 61%, respectively. The total relative mol% of n3 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from EPA was almost two times that of n6 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from AA.
CONCLUSION: ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates n3 PUFA to VLC - PUFAs over n6 PUFA. Dietary supplementation of appropriate n3/n6 PUFAs may provide STGD3 patients with some therapeutic benefits.

Background Researches determined that ELOVL4 gene is a disease-causing gene of Stargard tmacular dystrophy and is a elongation enzyme of very long chain fatty acids.Stargardt type Ⅲ(STGD3) may be associated with the metabolism of extensive enzyme of very long chain fatty acids.To explore the effect of ELOVL4 in STGD3 and its relationship with the metabolism of extensive enzyme of very long chain fatty acids is of important clinical significance.Objective This study was to determine the role of ELOVL4 gene for the pathogenesis of STGD3.Methods Recombinant adenovirus type 5 carrying mouse ELOVL4 gene and green fluorescent protein (GFP) was transfected into pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells),and then the cells were divided into PC12 group,PC12+Ad5-GFP group and PC12+AdS-ELOVL4 group.Ad-GFP or Ad-ELOVL4 was added into the culture medium for 24 hours with the virus plasmid 1 × 104-2× 104 pfu/ml.Expression of ELOVL4 mRNA in the PC12 was quantified by quantitative real time PCR(qRT-PCR) and was described as relative value to the expression of RPL19.ELOVL4 protein was assayed by Western blot.The transfected cells were treated with arachidonic acid (AA,20:4n6),eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA,20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,22:6n3) individually for 48 hours.The cells were collected,and total lipids were extracted,and fatty acid methyl esters were prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results The relative expression levels of ELOVL4 mRNA in PC12 cells in the PC12+Ad5-ELOVL4 group,PC12+Ad5-GFP group and PC12 group were 0.833± O.138,0.027t±0.002 and 0.024 ±0.002,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =102.700,P =0.000),and relative expression levels of PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 were 30-40 folds more than those in the PC12 group and the PC12+Ad-GFP group.Western blot assay showed a stronger response band for ELOVL4 protein in the PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 group.GC-MS found that abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (C28-C38) were synthesized by PC12 cells in the PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 group,with the more levels in C34 and C36.Conclusions ELOVL4 can promote the synthesis of C28-C38 polyunsatured fatty acid in PC12 cells,which offers a novel clue for the treatment of STGD3.