Objective To evaluate the effects of smecta in prolonged hemorrhagic shock.Methods The modified Wigger's method was used to induce hemorrhagic shock in anesthetized rabbits.Twenty-nine rabbits were randomly divided into hemorrhagic shock group(n=14),smecta group(n=15),with smecta solution being administered via a gavage tube before shock.The plasma levels of endotoxin,tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF?),interleukin-6(IL-6) and nitric oxide(NO) were detected at pre-shock and post-shock,immediately after resuscitation and 2h after resuscitation.Blood culture was done at pre-shock,immediately after resuscitation,2h after resuscitation.The survival rates of 24h and 48h were observed.Results The plasma levels of endotoxin,TNF?,IL-6 and NO markedly increased after shock,and were maintained at high level in shock group (P

Objective To evaluate the effects of aminoguandine(AG) used as a selective inhibitor of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and L NAME used as a non selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) on severe hemorrhagic shock Methods Forty rabbits were bled to mean arterial pressure of 4 4 66 kPa via femoral artery Hypotention was maintained for 120 min, the shed blood was then returned, followed by an infusion with Ringer′s solutions Animals were randomly divided into three groups: hemorrhagic shock group (n=14), AG group (AG 20mg/kg was infused intravenously ,n=14), L NAME group (L NAME 30mg/kg was infused intravenously with ,n=12) Plasma levels of endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor(TNF?) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined before and after shock, immediately after resuscitation and 0 5h, 2h, 4h after resuscitation The 24h and 48h survival rates were recorded Lung, intestine, liver and kidney tissues were obtained 48 h after shock for microscopic examination Results The plasma endotoxin, TNF? and NO levels markedly increased and were kept at high levels after shock Lower plasma levels of endotoxin TNF? and NO, less tissue damages and high survival rates were observed in AG group as compared with those in L NAME group and shock group Conclusions The endotoxin,TNF? and NO play an important role in the development of irreversible shock AG is beneficial in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock, while L NAME does not improve the outcome of shock

Object To optimize the apheresis procedure of mononuclear cells from bone marrow for different clinical treatments. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells were separated from bone marrow using COBE Spectra apheresis system. Cell morphology, cell counts, positive expression of CD34, CD133 and CD271 were detected, and the obtaining percent of total nuclear cells and mononuclear cells were calculated. The relationships between cell-morphology and CD34, CD133 and CD271, were also analyzed. Results 1)The positive expression of CD271 was correlated with monocytes before and after apheresis (P

ProTide technology is a kind of prodrug design strategy invented by the team of Christopher McGuigan. ProTides are aryloxyphosphoramidates (or aryloxyphosphonamidates) which contain a phosphorus atom combined with an amino acid ester and an aryloxy group. These prodrugs can efficiently cross the cell membrane and escape from the first rate-limiting step of phosphorylation, which afford effective solutions to the drawbacks of current nucleoside analogues. At present, ProTide technology has been extensively applied in the field of antiviral research. It has been successful in providing a number of approved drugs and clinical candidates, such as sofosbuvir and so much more, highlighting the promising future in drug discovery. This review summarizes the brief history and characteristics of ProTide technology, as well as its application in the exploration of antiviral drugs.

Objective To evaluate the causes,prevention and treatment ot laparoscopic comphca- tions in urologic surgery.Methods From May 2000 to May 2004,135 urologic laparoscopies were per- formed,including 17 transperitoneal laparoscopies and 118 retroperitoneal laparoscopies.Of the135 cases,26 had adrenal adenoma extirpation;31 had roof-removal and decompression of renal cyst;25 had radical ne- phrectomy;6 had pyeloplasty;2 had partial resection of renal capsula and encapsulation of the great omen- tum;2 had partial nephrectomy;4 had pelviureteral resection;13 had ligation of renal pedicle lymphatic ves- sel;2 had ureterolysis;7 had ureterolithotomy;12 had ligation of spermophlebectasis;5 had exploration,re- duction and fixation of undescended testis.The intra-and post-operative complications were retrospectively reviewed and clinically analyzed.Results Overall,14 cases(10.4%)had complications.Intraoperative complications occurred in 10 cases,including 6 cases of peritoneal injuries,which were clamped during oper- ation;4 of vascular injuries,which resulted in conversion to open surgery.Postoperative complications oc- curred in 4 cases,including 2 of subcutaneous emphysema,which was spontaneously absorbed at 5 and 7 d after operation;1 of incision seepage,which was drained for 40 d and then disappeared;and 1 of urine reten- tion,for which urethral catheterization was kept for 3 d and then the patient had voluntary voiding.No death occurred in this series.Conclusions Understanding the characteristics of laparoscopic complications in u- rologic surgery and systematic training of the surgeons can reduce the occurrence of complications.

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of parenteral supplementation with omega-3 fish oil emulsion (Omegaven) on systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) during the initial stage of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). In a prospective, randomized and controlled trial, 60 patients with SAP were randomized either to treat with conventional therapy (Con group, n=30) or conventional therapy plus intravenous supplementation with omega-3 fish oil emulsion 0.2 g/kg every day (FO group, n=30). The effects were analyzed by the SIRS-related indexes. The results showed that APACHE-II scores in FO group were significantly lower, and the gap increased much farther after the 4th day than those in Con group (P<0.05). Fluid equilibrium time became shorter markedly in FO group than in Con group (5.1+/-2.2 days vs 8.4+/-2.3 days). In FO group, SIRS scores were markedly decreased and the SIRS state vanished after the 4th day; Plasma level of TNF-alpha was significantly reduced, while IL-10 decreased markedly, most prominently between the 4th and 7th day, and the ratio of IL-10/TNF-alpha raised as compared with Con group (P<0.05). During the initial stage of SAP, parenteral supplementation with omega-3 fish oil emulsion could efficiently lower the magnitude and persistence time of the SIRS, markedly retrieve the unbalance of the pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, improve severe condition of illness and may provide a new way to regulate the SIRS.
Dietary Supplements ; Emulsions ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage ; Fish Oils/*administration & dosage ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/complications ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/*therapy ; Parenteral Nutrition/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/etiology ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/*therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To study the regulation role on molecular level of hCG on P450scc,P450c17 and 3?HSD in adult mouse Leydig cells. Methods Leydig cells of adult mice were cultured in vitro for 1 and 8 hours with or without hCG,then P450scc,P450c17 and I,VI total 3?HSD mRNA levels were measured respectively by the semi quantitative RT PCR as well as Scal restriction endonuclease incised methods.Meanwhile,the testosterone contents were measured in two groups. Results 1.In stimulated group Leydig cells cultured for 1 and 8 hours with hCG,the testosterone contents were higher significantly than those in control groups(1 hour P 0.05),but the ratio of type VI/I 3?HSD mRNA gradually increased. Conclusion hCG can stimulate the transcription of P450scc,P450c17 and type VI 3?HSD in adult mouse Leydig cells.

After a description of the application of education game in literature retrieval teaching and the practical activities of information literacy education game in our library, suggestions were put forward for the problems that need to be concerned in performing information literacy education game, namely pursuing the benefits and avoi-ding the hazards, making entertainment a medium of education, rational application of small game in classroom teaching, taking immediate action, and leaving it undone as it is small.

Objective To research the relationship between the gene polymorphism of serum amyloid A protein(SAA)1 and coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods By using PCR-RFLP and sequencing,the gene polymorphism of SAA1 of 183 patients with coronary heart disease and 152 healthy controls were analyzed.Result In the both groups 3 alleles(1.1,1.3,1.5)and 6 genotypes(1.1/1.1,1.1/1.5,1.1/1.3,1.3/1.3,1.3/1.5 and 1.5/1.5)were found.The frequency of 1.5 allele in healthy controls group was notably higher than that in CHD group(P

OBJECTIVE To study the metallo-?-lactamases of 5 carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates,which were recovered at 2006 in the Third People's Hospital of Yueqing. METHODS K-B method was used to determine the antimicrobial agents susceptibility in 5 isolates. The minimal inhibitive concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents to these strains were determined by agar dilution method. Double disk synergy test was used to detect the metallo-?-lactamase. Molecular screening for blaIMP,blaVIM,and blaSPM was carried out using PCR method. The PCR product was sequenced. RESULTS One out of the 5 carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa was positive for MBL double disk synergy test,and confirmed to contain blaVIM-2 gene. CONCLUSIONS A blaVIM-2-producing isolate of P. aeruginosa is identified. This carbapenem-resistant isolate is all multi-drug resistant.