OBJECTIVESTo investigate the efficacy of interventional obstructive therapy for patients with liver cancer complicated with intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula.

METHODSForty-eight of 56 patients with liver cancer complicated with intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula, confirmed by angiography, were treated with interventional obstructive therapy. The manifestations of the angiography, abdominal distention, ascites, and 24 hour urine output of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS(1) The arteriovenous fistula connected with the main branches of hepatic artery were embolized effectively by interventional method. (2) After the treatment, the abdominal distention alleviated remarkably (x2 =13.59, P < 0.01), the amount of ascites decreased, 24 hour urine output increased significantly (t = 13.57, P < 0.01) and quality of life improved. (3) The lifespan of the treated patients was prolonged after the embolization therapy.

CONCLUSIONInterventional embolization is an effective palliative therapy for patients with liver cancer complicated with severe ascites and intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula. The good results of this therapy were associated with its effect in decreasing portal hypertension of the patients.

Arteriovenous Fistula ; complications ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

The glyoxylate cycle was hypothesed to be indispensable for glutamate overproduction in coryneform bacteria, for it was thought to fulfill anaplerotic functions and to supply energy during the growth phase. During glutamate overproduction phase, however, it has been noted that the high level of the cycle is detrimental to the glutamate production. In order to clarify the relationship between the glutamate production and the glyoxylate cycle, a chromosomal aceA-disrupted mutant of wild-type C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 was constructed. The isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity of the parental strain was 0.011 u/mg of protein and reached 1.980 u/mg of protein after acetate induction; the mutant strain WTdeltaA, however, had no detectable ICL activity and was no longer able to grow on minimal medium with acetate as the sole carbon source. Compared with the wild-type C. glutamicum WT, the mutant strain WTdeltaA, exhibited the same growth rate with glucose as the sole carbon source, indicating glyoxylate cycle is not required for its growth on glucose. On the contrary, the glutamate production in WTdeltaA was severely impaired and more residual glucose was found in the fermentation broth at the end of fermentation with the mutant strain than with the wild-type strain. Further investigations into the relationship between the glutamate production and the glyoxylate cycle are under the way, which may help to elucidate the mechanism of glutamate overproduction.
Corynebacterium glutamicum ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; Fermentation ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glutamic Acid ; biosynthesis ; Glyoxylates ; metabolism ; Isocitrate Lyase ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the molecular-epidemiologic characteristics and genotypes of human calicivirus (HuCVs) in acute diarrhea patients in Hangzhou from 2009 to 2010.Methods Epidemiologic data and fecal specimens were collected from patients with acute diarrhea.HuCVs of 920 specimens were detected by PCR.PCR products of several positive samples were randomly selected and sequenced.All the sequences were analyzed,phylogenetically.Results 201HuCVs positive cases were identified from 920 facal specimens (21.8％).25 isolates would include norovims G Ⅰ -type,G Ⅱ -type for 170 strains and sapovirus for 1 1 strains.Norovirus G Ⅰ -type and G Ⅱ -type were detected in four specimens at the same time.Other specimens were mixed infection with norovirus G Ⅱ -type and sapovirus.Genotypes of HuCVs showed that norovirus G Ⅰ subtypes were G Ⅰ -1 (3 strains) and G Ⅰ -2 (1 strain).Norovirus G Ⅱ subtypes were G Ⅱ -4/2006b variant strains (7 strains),GⅡ-2 (1 strain),G Ⅱ -7 (1 strain) and G Ⅱ -4/2008 variant strains (2 strains) ;Sapovirus subtypes were G Ⅰ -2 (5 strains),G Ⅰ -1 (4 strains) and G Ⅱ-1 ( 1 strain).The prevalence rates of HuCVs were different in seasons and age groups.Conclusion HuCVs were one of the major pathogens causing acute diarrhea.Both multiple viruses and genotypes of HuCVs were found in the specimens.G Ⅱ-4/2006b variant and similar strains were identified,probably as the prevalent strains from 2009 to 2010 in Hangzhou,Zhejiang province.

Embolization, Therapeutic ; Hepatic Encephalopathy/therapy* ; Humans ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/therapy*