Objective:To summarize the current policies and measures in curbing health corruption in China, and to evaluate the implementation results of these policies and measures.Methods:We made a systematic review to search and screen the literatures, with related thematic information extracted, compared and classified to form an integrated view by the data integration method of thematic synthesis.Results:A total of 147 literatures were included, covering such health policies and measures as the basic drug system, the centralized bidding and purchasing and centralized drug purchasing, the " two-invoice system" , hospital information disclosure system, adverse records of commercial bribery, doctor′s virtue evaluation system and no bribery agreement. These five policies and measures prove effective in curbing the corruption, but some types of corruption tend to evade such restrictions.Conclusions:The five types of policy measures summarized in the study have effectively curbed the high risk exposure of corruptions found in drugs, medical consumables and medical devices, and also guided and restrained the profit-oriented behaviors of the behavior subjects. Stronger measures should be integrated into a broader reform of the healthcare system, in combination with institutional compensation and operational mechanism reform, medical personnel compensation and incentive system, and modern pluralistic governance reform. Meanwhile, studies in the field of corruption need to focus on the direct and indirect effects of multi-level medical reform policies on corruption governance from an integrated perspective, while attention needs to cover more types of corruption behaviors, and to diversify research methods, so as to provide more practical policy support.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Candidiasis ; complications ; microbiology ; Coal Mining ; Esophagitis ; complications ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology

Objective To investigate the effects of Thalidomide(THD)on transdifferentiation of human fetal lung fibroblast(HFL-F) to myofibroblast(MF) induced by Transforming Growth Factor-?1(TGF-?1) and the effects on trans differentiated MF.Methods HFL-F to MF trans-differentiation was induced with 5 ?g/L TGF-?1.The effect of 50 ?g/L THD on HFL-F to MF transdifferentiation was evaluated by measuring hydroxyproline(HYP) content with alkaline hydrolysis colorimetry,?-smooth muscle actin(?-SMA) protein with Western Blot,?-SMA and collagen Ⅲ(COL Ⅲ) mRNA with semiquantitative RT-PCR.Results THD inhibited TGF-?1 induced up-regulation of HYP and COLⅢ mRNA expressions(all P0.05).For HFL-F treated with 5 ?g/L TGF-?1 for 96 h,THD inhibited COLⅢ mRNA expression(P

Objective To discuss the short-term effect of Sextant system fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Methods There were 32 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit which rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 14 females, with average age of (25.54±2.86) years old.All patients were undergoing internal fixation with Sextant system in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative ambulation time and wound healing time were observed.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and postoperation 3-days were evaluated by visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI).Cobb angle and front height of fracture vertebral body were compared between pre-operation and postoperation 3-days.Results The operation time was (96.55±14.15)minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (45.25±3.55)mL, postoperative ambulation time was (1.20±0.61)days.There were statistical differences in terms of Cobb angle,front height of fracture vertebral body,VAS and ODI between pre-operation and postoperation 3 days.Conclusion The Sextant system fixation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a timely,safe and effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit,which is deserved to utilize at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

Objective To construct an expression vector directed by hU_(6)snRNA promoter for synthesizing small RNA and to identify its functional activity in the gastric carcinoma cells——SGC-7901.Methods Using human genomic DNA as template,U_(6) snRNA promoter was obtained by PCR method,and then cloned into PUC19 vector to produce the recombinant plasmid PUC-hU_6-extra,which was sequenced and then transfected into gastric carcinoma cell——SGC-7901 with liposome.The effect of expression directed by U_6 promoter was detected by RT-PCR method,and the cell proliferation curve analysis was performed by stained dye.Results The hU_6 snRNA promoter with the first 27 nucleotides followed were successfully cloned into PUC19 plasmid.The recombinant vector could efficiently transcribe small RNA molecules and exerted no effect on cell proliferation in SGC-7901 cells in vitro.Conclusion We have successfully constructed the recombinant PUC-hU_6-extra plasmid vector that can efficiently transcribe small RNA molecules directed by hU_6 snRNA promoter in the gastric carcinoma cells——SGC-7901.

Objective To discuss the recent clinical efficacy of percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter at the war or disaster treatment place.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 29 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who were rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 11 females,with the average age of (31.54±2.86) years old.All these patients underwent percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,blood loses,exercise time after operation and complications.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and post-operation were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI).Cobb's angle and fracture vertebral body front height were compared before and after operation as well.Results All these patients were all successfully completed operation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter,and the general post-operation condition was well.The operation time was (86.55±16.15)min,the blood loss was (42.35±6.55)mL,the exercise time after operation was (1.20±0.61) days.There was no complications after operation, and pain of thoracolumbar after operation was obviously alleviated.There was statistical differences in terms of Cobb's angle,fracture vertebral body front height,VAS score and ODI score between pre-operation and post-operation (P<0.05).Conclusion The percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a quite effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit, and this method is worthy of promoting at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

Objective To explore the current status of radiation protection in interventional procedure and to analyze the existent problems.Methods Using the random sampling,70 interventional radiology workplaces were selected from Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Shaoxing and Jinhua.Information on personal radiation protective products and equipment was collected by filling out the form by hospital and the radiation dose was monitored at various body parts of the workers and at the outside of the operating room.Results All hospitals have been equipped with personal radiation protective products and equipment,22 of which were not with these products and equipment as required.Chest,abdomen and lower limb of interventional radiology workers are easy to receive higher radiation dose than in head (F =4.85,4.92,P ＜ 0.05).The acceptance rates among different body parts of the workers were difference significantly (x2 =35.14,14.92,P ＜ 0.05).Using protective curtain can reduce the radiation dose significantly (t =11.61-68.28,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,it also can improve the acceptance rates significantly (x2 =6.09-28.45,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the use of radiation protection equipment among interventional radiology workers to reduce the levels of the individual doses to them.Hospitals must enhance the routine monitoring for improved radiaton protection.

Objective To evaluate the role of the beta3 subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel (Scn3b) in neuropathic pain in mice.Methods The target gene Scn3b was embedded in the vector pBROAD-mcs and pBROAD3-mcs-Scn3b plasmid was then obtained.The primary mice were bred.The primary mice mated with C57/B6 mice and the transgenic mice were then generated.DNA,RT-PCR and Western blot experiments were performed to confirm the mice in which Scn3b was over-expressed.The mice with Scn3b over-expression multiplied rapidly to carry out the follow-up experiment.Ten transgenic mice (Scn3b group) and 10 control mice in the same litter (Con group) of both sexes,aged 2 months,weighing 25-30 g,were randomly chosen to establish the model of neuropathic pain.The mechanical pain threshold was measured before operation and on 3,5,7 and 14 days after operation.Results There was no significant difference in the mechanical pain threshold at each time point between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Scn3b is not involved in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain in mice.

Objective To investigate the impact of 1,25(OH)2D3 on histological changes and activation of STAT3 in BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis mice. Methods 30 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group ,BLM group and BLM+VD group. Mice in BLM group and BLM+VD group received intratracheal injection of BLM(3 U/kg). Control group were intratracheally injected equal volume of sterile saline. From the first day after the surgery,mice in BLM+VD group received intraperitoneal injection of VD (5μg/kg·d). After 21 days, H&E and Masson′s trichrome staining were carried out. Aschroft score were used to evaluate histological changes in lungs. IL?6,IL?4 and INF?γin BALF were assessed by Elisa. p?STAT3,α?SMA and Collagen I were detected by western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry. Results Fibrosis score and level of α?SMA,Collagen I in BLM group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). However ,treatment with VD effectively at?tenuated fibrosis (P<0.05). IL?6 and IL?4 increased while INF?γwas decreased in BALF of BLM group (P<0.05). VD could ameliorate these changes. Upregulation and neuclear translocation of p?STAT3 were observed in BLM group,while VD intervention could inhibit phosphorylation of STAT3. Conclusions VD attenuate BLM?induced pulmonary fibrosis and regulate inflammatory cytokines probably by blocking STAT3 activation.

Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of semantic processing of chil-dren with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder( ADHD) by comparing the event related potential in normal children and ADHD children ( ages 7-11 years old) .Methods 83 ADHD children and 93 normal children ranging from 7 to 11-year were divided into 5 groups to analyze the difference of the amplitude and latency of ERP N400 in three conditions:the related,unrelated and pesudoword after the Chinese character word visual stimulus task.Results (1) The related condition:the amplitude of the 7 years old normal children group was higher than 11 years old((-10.67±4.39)μV,(-4.62±3.55)μV;P=0.005);and the amplitude was highest in 8 years old group in children with ADHD( (-10.77±6.66) ms, F=2.54, P=0.046) .The latency in normal children was shorter at 8 years old((311.7±33.1) ms, P<0.05),but was shorter at 9 years old in ADHD group.( 2) The unrelated condition:the amplitude of normal children aged 10 years was higher than that of other age groups.( 3) The pesudoword condition:the amplitude of 9 years old normal children was higher than other age groups.The amplitude of ADHD in children aged 9 years was higher than that in other age groups( (-16.08±7.14)μV, P<0.05) .Conclusion In the semantic related conditions,the amplitude of the N400 in ADHD children at the age of 8 and the latency at the age of 9 are significantly developed,and in the false words conditions,it is at the age of 11.This suggests that the ability of 7-11 years old ADHD chil-dren's orthographic semantic processing and cognitive development are slower than normal.N400 can better reflect the children's early language cognitive ability,and it is valuable for the early diagnosis of children with ADHD.