Recently the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has put forward some measures to promote the development of women science and technology (S&T) talents.The paper analyzes the NSFC funded projects undertaken by women S&T researchers at Pekiing University Health Science Center from 2006 to 2010.To address the problems revealed in the analysis,the paper proposes the suggestions to further develop women S&T talents with the support of National Science Foundation of China.

This paper analyzes the distribution and achievements of the Science Foundation for Youth undertaken by female scientists at Peking University Health Science Center from 2002 to 2012.It reveals the importance of the Science Foundation for Youth in the development of female scientists.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Diabetes Complications ; microbiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Urinary Tract Infections ; microbiology ; therapy

Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula(HHFNC) is a relatively new noinvasive method for respiratory support,initially used in premature infant apnea.In recent years,the development of HHFNC applications is rapid,and HHFNC is gradually used in older infants and children.Compared to other noninvasive oxygen supply devices,HHFNC can be used effectively in clinic because of its high comfort,good tolerance,easy care,and reducing the rate of endotracheal intubation.

Objective To discuss the MRI feature of meningeal metastasis and correlation of peritumoral brain edema and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression.Methods 48 patients with meningeal metas-tasis were observed with plain and enhanced 1 .5 T magnetic resonance imaging scans,surgical removal of the tumor tissues was measured with VEGF immunohistochemistry.Results The patients with MC showed three types MRI fea-ture.The more vascular endothelial growth factor of the tumor tissues expressed,the more peritumoral brain edema (χ2 =33.34,P<0.01 ).Conclusion MRI scanning is necessary for clinical diagnosis in MC.There are positive correlation between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor of the tumor tissues and peritumoral brain edema(P<0.01).

Objective To investigate the value of three-dimensional color power angio(3D-CPA)in the prenatal diagnosis of pernicious placenta previa (PPP ) with placenta increta.Methods The ultrasonographic findings of PPP with placenta increta diagnosed in our hospital by 2D-CDFI and 3D-CPA were reviewed and compared with pathologic histology examination.For each of the two imaging methods, sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and prenatal diagnose accordance rate were summarized. Results For 3D-CPA,sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value were 91.1%,88.9% and 93.3%, respectively.The results of 3D-CPA were higher than those in 2D-CDFI (sensitivity 76.4%,specificity 66.7%,positive predictive value 81.5% ),and were statistically significant (P <0.05 ).The diagnose accordance rate of 3D-CPA was statistically higher than that of 2D-CDFI (90.4% vs 73.0%;P <0.05). Conclusions 3D-CPA can display abnormal vascular reconstruction between the placenta and uterine wall from various angles,and is more accurate than 2D-CDFI.3D-CPA plays an important role in the prenatal diagnosis of PPP with placenta increta.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS).Methods From January 2009 to December 2012,the clinical data of three type 1 HRS cases and five type 2 HRS cases received TIPS operation were collected.The volume of 24 h urine,liver and renal function,and the occurrence of complications of portal hypertension were recorded and followed-up.Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed for non-normal distributed measurement data.Results TIPS of all the patients was successful and combined with devascularization in four patients.Before operation,the serum creatinine and volume of urine was 204.0 (180.8,229.8) μmol/L and 810 (600,925) mL,seven days after operation was 160.7 (120.2,184.0) μmol/L and 1 300 (975,1 500) mL,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.1 and-2.2,both P＜0.05).One month after operation,renal function of five patients recovered to normal.At the 7th day after operation,total bilirubin level of three patients increased and that of two patients decreased to the preoperative base line value at one month and three month.Mild or moderate hepatic encephalopathy occurred in three patients after operation and relieved after medicine treatment.At 6th month after operation,two of three type 1 HRS patients survived.Of five type 2 HRS patients,one received liver transplantation at 6th week after operation,three of the left four cases survived at the 6th month after operation.Conclusion After safety and efficacy were evaluated,TIPS may be one of the methods used for the treatment of HRS.

Objective To compare and analyze the different clinical features between male and female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), by detecting the gender difference to make clinical decisions. Method The clinical features of 95 male RA patients(MRA) were analyzed and compared with those of 248 female RA patients (FRA) by retrospective analysis method. Results The mean onset age of MRA [18-79 (51.40±15.55) years old] was older than that of FRA[18-75(43.54 ±15.46) years old](P=0.0002). The morning stiffness time of MRA [(1.58 ±1.34) h] was shorter than that of FRA [(2.10 ±1.51) h](P = 0.0357). There was statistical difference in the first involved joint between MRA and FRA (P=0.0170), the prevalence of knee,metatarsonphalangeal joint,shoulder and ankle of MRA was higher than those of FRA, ' but conversely the wrist prevalence of FRA was higher than that of MRA.The prevalence of secondary Sj(o)gren syndrome of MRA(13.68%, 13/95) was rather lower than that of FRA(35.08%, 87/248)(P = 0.0007). MRA had lower positive rate of ANA (2.11% ,2/95) and lower value of IgM [(1.42 ±0.75) g/L] than FRA [(10.48% ,26/248), (1.69 ±0.86) g/L] (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between MRA and FRA in articular radiographic changes, most extraarticular manifestations and lab results (P >0.05). Conclusions MRA patients have older onset age and milder articular symptom than FRA patients. The disease severity of MRA is similar to that of FRA. Weighted joints are more involved in MRA. FRA is more inclined to have secondary Sj(o)gren syndrome.

Objective To investigate the plasma PAF-AH level in type 1 diabetes patients and the association between the PAF-AH gene polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods Plasma PAF-AH in115 type 1 diabetes patients and 106 controls were determined by PAF-AH assay kit, and PAF-AH gene G275A genotypes were detected by PCR-RLFP. Results The activity of plasma PAF-AH in the patients with type 1 diabetes was significantly lower than that in the controls. Compared with control group, the frequencies of the GA genotype on G275A polymorphism were significantly higher than that in T1DM group. Conclusion The activity of plasma PAF-AH in the patients with type 1 diabetes was significantly lower than that in normal controls. The G275A polymorphism of PAF-AH gene might be related to type 1 diabetes mellitus.

[Summary] Gender difference study of meniscus injury shows certain clinical significance in understanding epidemiologic characteristics of meniscus injury .Several large amount case studies demonstrated that the risk of meniscus tears was significantly higher in male than in female .However , in certain kinds of sports and special types or locations of meniscus tears , especially in medial meniscus posterior root tear ( MMPRT ) , there were more females than males .Further large amount case studies were needed for a deeper understanding of meniscus tears .In this paper,we reviewed the current situation and progress of gender difference of menisus tear .