OBJECTIVETo explore the relation of the anogenital distance (AGD) with cryptorchidism in male newborns.

METHODSThis study included 350 male infants delivered in two community hospitals between September 2013 and September 2014. Within 24 hours after birth, a pediatric surgeon measured the AGD of the neonates and determined whether they had cryptorchidism. According to the testicular position, we divided the undescended testes into three types: upper scrotal, inguinal, and non-palpable.

RESULTSTotally 39 cases of cryptorchidism were found in the 350 newborns. The AGD of the cryptorchidism infants was significantly shorter than that of the normal neonates ([2.01 ± 0.22] vs [2.35 ± 0.19] cm, P < 0.01), and statistically significant differences remained even when preterm and low birth-weight infants were excluded ([2.32 ± 0.14] vs [2.06 ± 0.19] cm; (2.37 ± 0.17) cm vs (2.12 ± 0.12) cm, all P < 0.01). The newborns with higher-position cryptorchidism had a shorter AGD, though with no significant difference (F = 0.434, P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the AGD between unilateral and bilateral cryptorchidism ([1.96 ± 0.13] vs [2.02 ± 0.17] cm, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONShorter AGD is associated with a higher incidence of cryptorchidism in male newborns. AGD could serve as a potential biomarker for disruption of androgen action during the male programming window period.

Androgens ; physiology ; Cryptorchidism ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Perineum ; abnormalities

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Huashengping capsules. Methods: Milkvetch Root, Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Salvia miltiorrhiza were identified by TLC. The content of astragaloside A was detected by HPLC. The column was Kormasil C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1. The mobile phases was a mixture of acetonitrile-water (32∶68 ) . The detection wavelength was 203 nm. The column temperature was 25℃ and the sample size was 20μl. Results:The TLC chro-matography spots were clear. Astragaloside A was linear within the range of 2. 000-10. 000 μg(r=0. 999 6) and the average recovery was 100. 8%(RSD=1. 9%,n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, which can be used in the quality con-trol of Huashengping capsules.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy on senile female bladder neck obstruction treated with acupoint application, therapy and western medication.

METHODSFifty cases of senile female bladder neck observation were randomized into an obstrvation group and a control group, 25 cases in each one. Tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules were taken orally in the two groups, 0.2 mg every night, continuously for 100 days. In the observation group, with radix aconiti lateralis preparata, semen brassicae and fructus ligustri lucidi contained, bushentongyu plaster was used at Shenque (CV 8), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Pangguangshu (BL 28), Zhongji (CV 3) and Sanjiaoshu (BL 22), once every two days. Eight treatments made one session and 6 sessions were required totally. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), the bother score (BS), the residual volume (RV) and the maximal urinary flow rate (MFR) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSEvery score in IPSS after treatment was reduced apparently as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.01). The improvements in feeling of incomplete, bladder emptying, intermittency < 2 h, urgency, interupted urination and nocturia in the observation group were more advantageous than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 95.65% (22/23) in the observation group, higher than 85.71% (18/21) in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, RV, MFR and BS were significantly different as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of acupoint application of bushentongyu plaster and oral administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules achieves the significant efficacy on senile female bladder neck obstruction as compared with the simple administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Urination

As many traditional Chinese medicines have been founded to have protective effect on liver damage in recent years, they have also got involved in increasingly wide clinical application. Meanwhile, with the development of new hepatic protective formulations of traditional Chinese medicines, we have set increasingly higher requirements for quality control methods and measures. This essay summarizes the advance in studies on hepatic protective formulations of traditional Chinese medicine and their quality control methods in the combination of relevant domestic and foreign literatures, looking into the future of the development of new hepatic protective formulations of traditional Chinese medicines.
Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; trends ; Phytotherapy ; standards ; Quality Control

Adenoviridae ; isolation & purification ; Adenovirus Infections, Human ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to estimate and predict the AIDS epidemic situation in Jiangsu province by using a software named Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) and then to provide accurate information for making control plans and conducting interventions.

METHODSDate were obtained from the comprehensively monitored sentinels of AIDS and venereal diseases (Data were from 28 national monitored stations and 52 provincial stations. From 2003 to 2009, a total of 10 730 000 people had been monitored) as well as project survey and laboratory tests. EPP epidemic model was employed to analyze the prevalence and to predict future epidemic situations.

RESULTSA total of 830 000 and 1 020 000 people were monitored in 2003 and 2004 respectively, and 8 880 000 more people were monitored in the following 5 years. By the end of 2009, a total of 4103 HIV infection cases had been reported, among which 918 people were diagnosed with AIDS and 432 died. Since 2003, the cases infected through IDU had decreased from 66.84% (262/392) to 16.40% (142/868). However, the cases infected through sex contact had increased from 21.68% (85/392) to 77.40% (672/868). Among these cases, homosexual transmission and heterosexual transmission accounted for 39.10% (339/868) and 38.30% (333/868) respectively. It was estimated that there would be 14 290 HIV/AIDS cases in 2011 which is 18.10% (2191/12 099) higher than that in 2009. The estimated HIV infection rate would be 0.02%.

CONCLUSIONEPP prediction showed the AIDS epidemic situation in Jiangsu province had an ascendant trend and the AIDS epidemic situation had demonstrated rapid growth. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective preventive measures to control the spread of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; Epidemics ; statistics & numerical data ; Forecasting ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Software ; Statistics as Topic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and main influences on sleep disorder among Chinese children aged 0 to 23 months, as to providing scientific interventions for infant sleep disorder.

METHODSAll 7601 children under two years old were selected by stratifying samples from twelve cities in China. The objects' parents were surveyed with questionnaire. All data were analyzed with SPSS statistical software.

RESULTSThe total incidence of sleep disorders at 0 to 23 months was 21.94%. The main problems were difficulty falling asleep, nighttime waking and snoring. Feeding manner, sleep environment, sleep-associated habits and medical conditions were all influences on infant's sleep disorder.

CONCLUSIONSEnhancing sleep health education to change parents' nurturing modes should be an important role in preventing infant sleep disorders.

China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data

AIM:To investigate the effect of toosendanin(TSN)on invasion and migration abilities of human ovarian cancer cells and the related mechanism.METHODS:The human ovarian cancer cell lines CAVO-3 and SKVO-3 were treated with TSN at different concentrations.The cell viabilty at 12,24,48,72 and 96 h after TSN treatment was measured by CCK-8 assay.Scratch wound healing assay and Transwell assay were employed to measure the invasion and migration abilities of CAVO-3 cells.The protein expression of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)p65,E-cadherin,N-cadherin,vimentin and Snail was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:TSN significantly inhibited the viability of CAVO-3 and SKVO-3 cells(P<0.05 ).Compared with control group ,the migration and invasion abilities of CAVO-3 cells in TSN group decreased significantly(P<0.05).In addition,the expression of NF-κB p65 and E-cadherin protein increased no-tably,followed with N-cadherin,vimentin and Snail protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).However,the inhibitor of NF-κB BAY11-7082 reversed the impact above.Compared with TSN group ,the migration and invasion abilities in TSN +BAY11-7082 group increased significantly(P<0.05).The protein expression of E-cadherin also decreased notably ,fol-lowed with the protein expression of N-cadherin,vimentin and Snail increased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TSN inhibits the invasion and migration abilities of human ovarian cancer cells ,which is related to the inhibition of epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition process mediated by NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of carotid artery stenting(CAS) in elderly patients with internal carotid artery stenosis and its related factors.Methods Between January 2012 and July 2014,a total of 152 patients(over 65 years of age)with carotid artery stenosis were enrolled in this study,of whom 79 patients received drug treatment (control group) and 73 patients received CAS (intervention group).The two groups were followed up for one year.The patients'' scores of mRS(the modified Rankin Scale) and NIHSS(the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) were observed and compared in the curative effect between the two groups.By means of logistic regression were analyzed the related safety factors in CAS treatment for elderly patients over 65 with extracranial stenosis of internal carotid artery.Results Both the median mRS (P<0.01) and NIHSS(P<0.05) scores were lower in intervention group than those in control group at 3,6 and 12 months follow-up,respectively.Thirty days after CAS,there occurred transient ischemic attack (TIA) in intervention group,whose incidence was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05).However,there was no statistical significant difference found between the two groups in the incidence of serious adverse events including TIA,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction and death(P>0.05)at one year follow-up.And logistic regression analysis showed that the previous history of cerebral infarction,residual stenosis or combined un-interferential cerebral arterial stenosis were all independent predictors of serious adverse events including TIA,cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage,re-stenosis and death (P<0.05).Conclusion CAS is a safe and effective procedure for old patients with internal carotid artery stenosis.A history of cerebral infarction,combined un-interferential cerebral arterial stenosis or residual stenosis after CAS were all risk factors,which need to be effectively controlled before CAS.

Objective To detect the level of S100-β protein in the serum of patients with closed craniocerebral injury and analyze its clinical value to assess the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.Methods The expression of quantitative analysis method to detect 31 cases of healthy control group,40 cases of patients with severe craniocerebral injury and 34 cases of craniocerebral injury patients on admission S100-β protein level by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis,to explore the correlation between the prognosis of GOS,closed craniocerebral injury diagnosis efficacy.Results In the control group,mild and severe closed craniocerebral injury group S100-β protein levels were 0.137 ±0.025,0.192 ± 0.038 and 0.276 ±0.097 ng/ml,respectively.Compared with the control group (F=0.126,P=0.008),light and heavy closed craniocerebral injury group (F=38.17,P=0.001) of serum S100-β protein levels were significantly increased,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).There were significant differences in the level of serum S100-β light and heavy craniocerebral injury group (P＜0.05).Serum S100-βprotein differential control group and brain injury group AUC 0.870 (95％ CI:0.776 ～ 0.964,P＜ 0.01).S100-β protein identification in healthy control group with severe craniocerebral injury group AUC was 0.914 (95 ％ CI:0.850～0.978,P＜ 0.01).The score was negatively correlated with serum S100-β protein level and the prognosis of craniocerebral injury in GOS (r=-0.792,P＜0.01).Conclusion S100-β protein significantly increased in serum of light and heavy closed craniocerebral injury patients,and negatively correlated with the GOS score of patients,can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of craniocerebral injury.