ObjectiveTo study how to diagnose thrombosis of intracranial venous sinus and cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT). Methods6 cases with intracranial venous sinus and CVT were analysed by clinical features and imaging signs. ResultsMost patients had symptoms and signs of intracranial hypertension. Some patients manifested symptoms of whole brain or focal neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) play important roles for the diagnosis of intracranial venous sinus and CVT, however, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is one of the most reliable method for early diagnosis of the above diseases.Conclusions According to clinical features and imaging signs, intracranial venous sinus and CVT could be diagnosed accurately .

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus electroacupuncture (EA) for treating peripheral facial paralysis and its influence on patients' facial nerve functions, facial disability index and clinical symptoms and signs. Methods: A total of 96 peripheral facial paralysis patients were allocated into an observation group, a medicine group and an EA group by simple randomization, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the medicine group were treated with oral mecobalamine and prednisone acetate; patients in the EA group were treated with EA on the basis of the medicine treatment; while patients in the observation group were treated with acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA. After 4-week treatment, the clinical efficacy, the adverse events, and the scores of House-Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function grading scale, visual analog scale (VAS), clinical symptoms and signs, and facial disability index (FDI) were compared. Results: After 4-week treatment, the total effective rate was 96.9％ in the observation group, higher than 68.7％ in the medicine group and 75.0％ in the EA group (both P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the scores of H-B grading scale, VAS and clinical symptoms and signs in the three groups dropped significantly compared with those before treatment, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the medicine group and EA group (all P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the facial disability index-physical function (FDIP) in the FDI in the three groups increased significantly, with a higher value in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). The facial disability index-social function (FDIS) in the FDI dropped significantly, with a lower score in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). However, the comparisons of the items above between the medicine group and the EA group showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The between-group comparison of the adverse event across the three groups showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA can decrease H-B grade, reduce pain severity and improve clinical symptoms and signs as well as the facial disability condition in peripheral facial paralysis patients. This method produced more significant efficacy compared with oral medicine and medicine plus EA.

Objective To investigate the influence of IL-8 on the tight junction of vascular endothelial cells.Methods Immunofluorescence was used to observe the modality and the distribution of three tight junction proteins (occludin,claudin-5 and ZO-1) of the EA.hy926 cells treated with IL-8 under different concentrations and different times.RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of these three proteins.Results The results demonstrated that IL-8 could change the distribution of occludin,claudin-5 and ZO-1 in EA.hy926 cells,and the mRNA expression of occludin,claudin-5 and ZO-1 decreased with the increase of IL-8 concentration and treated time.Conclusion The effects of IL-8 on the distribution and the expression of occludin,claudin-5 and ZO-1 are dose and time-dependent.

Objective To evaluate the knowledge, behavior and psychological status regarding COVID-19 epidemic in elementary and secondary school teachers, and to provide a reference for disease prevention and control at schools as well as for preparation of school returning. Methods A survey in 2 338 teachers was conducted using self-designed questionnaires about COVID-19. Results The overall awareness rate of COVID-19 knowledge was 88.79%, knowledge score was 10.65±1.09, and the school health teachers had higher score than other school staff (F＝23.87, P=0.000 1).Respondents with IP address in Hubei had higher score than those in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai(F＝10.69, P=0.014).The top three knowledge resources were news apps (Toutiao, Tencent) (87.25%), WeChat (78.06%) and telecast (74.94%).The overall healthy behavior score was 43.59±3.12, and school doctors again had higher score than other school staff (F=11.48, P=0.02).Respondents with IP address in Hubei had higher score than those in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai (F=17.08, P=0.000 7). During the epidemic, 100% respondents wore masks when taking public transportation, the highest rate of wearing masks, while 90.93% wore masks at family and friends gathering, the lowest rate of wearing masks.The top three types of masks being used were disposable medical masks (89.14%), surgical masks (43.63%) and N95 medical protective masks (34.09%).The highest rate of hand washing behavior was 99.83% for washing hands after going to toilet, while the lowest was 75.92% for washing hands after touching hair, ears and nose.The highest rate of other healthy behaviors was 94.14% for reducing family and friend gatherings, while the lowest was 71.60% for covering mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing. The correlation between health behavior and knowledge was statistically significant (r=0.081, P < 0.001).Correlation analysis showed that the degree of concern was related to the degree of teaching influence (r=0.768, P=0.0002), and the degree of anxiety was related to the degree of teaching influence (r=0.175, P < 0.001), while there was no correlation between the degree of concern and the degree of anxiety. Conclusion Elementary and secondary school teachers generally have high score in the COVID-19 knowledge test, and behaved well in wearing masks.Hand hygiene education should be further improved.There are concerns about the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on teaching.

Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 18 minority nationalities in Yunnan Province from 2009 to 2018, so as to explore the ethnic differences in the incidence of HBV in Yunnan Province. Methods Based on the reported incidence data of hepatitis B in China's disease prevention and control information system from 2009 to 2018, descriptive epidemiology method was used to describe and analyze the incidence of hepatitis B in different ethnic groups, and K-means clustering method was used to explore and analyze the annual average incidence of hepatitis B in different ethnic groups. Results From 2009 to 2018, the average incidence of hepatitis B in Yunnan Province was 44.26/100 000, which was much lower than the overall level of China every year; the average incidence of hepatitis B in ethnic groups was 41.27/100 000, slightly lower than the overall level of Yunnan every year. The prevalence of hepatitis B was different in different ethnic groups. The average incidence of Wa was significantly higher than others (95.26/100 000), and Jingpo was the lowest (22.51/100 000). According to the incidence of hepatitis B, different ethnic groups were divided into three categories: high incidence ethnic group, middle incidence ethnic group and low incidence ethnic group. Conclusion There are ethnic differences in the incidence of hepatitis B in Yunnan Province. The incidence of hepatitis B in some ethnic groups is higher than that in the whole country all the year round, which is the key population in the prevention and control of hepatitis B.

A growing number of neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormal brain structural and functional alterations in subjects with internet addiction (IA), however, with conflicting conclusions. We plan to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the studies of voxelbased morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), to reach a consolidated conclusion and point out the future direction in this field. A comprehensive search of rsFC and VBM studies of IA will be conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to retrieve studies published from the inception dates to August 2021. If the extracted data are feasible, activation likelihood estimation and seed-based d mapping methods will be used to meta-analyze the brain structural and functional changes in IA patients. This study will hopefully reach a consolidated conclusion on the impact of IA on human brain or point out the future direction in this field.

OBJECTIVETo investigate if WAVE1 is involved in mult drug-resistance (MDR) of human leukemia cell line K562/A02.

METHODSThe level of WAVE1 in K562 and K562/A02 cells was assayed by Western blot and RT-PCR; K562 cells and K562/A02 cells were transient transfected with pEFBOS-WAVE1 reconstructed plasmid or specifically siRNA to WAVE1. 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of doxorubicin on K562/A02 was determined by WST-8 assay. Hoechst33258 staining was used to examine cell morphological changes and to calculate percentage of apoptotic nuclei. The mRNA level of mdrl was assayed by RT-PCR. The Bcl-2 protein was assayed by Western blot.

RESULTS1. The WAVE1 expression at mRNA and protein level in K562/A02 cells was increased by about 70% and 63% respectively as compared with that in K562 cells. 2. Overexpression of WAVE1 in K562 cells by transient transfection significantly increased the resistance to doxorubicin, and increased IC50 from (0.05 +/- 0.00) microg/ml to (2.99 +/- 0.12) microg/ml, and at 1 microg/ml or 5 microg/ml of doxorubicin treatment, cell apoptotic nuclei rate was decreased by 30% or 35% respectively. 3. Suppression of WAVE1 in K562/A02 cells by siRNA resulted in a reversal of MDR to doxorubicin, and decreased IC50 from (4.29 +/- 0.15) microg/ml to (1.85 +/- 0.07) microg/ml, and at 1 microg/ml or 5 microg/ml of doxorubicin treatment, cell apoptotic nuclei rate was increased by 24% or 21% respectively. 4. Overexpression of WAVE1 in K562 cells significantly increased the mdrl mRNA and the Bcl-2 protein, and suppression of WAVE1 in K562/A02 cells by siRNA decreased the mRNA and the protein.

CONCLUSIONWAVE1 involves in the MDR mechanisms in K562/A02 leukemia cells through regulation the level of mdrl and Bcl-2.

Apoptosis ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Transfection ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether WASP/Verprolin homologous protein 1 (WAVE1) plays a role in the pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

METHODSWAVE1 mRNA and protein expression in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) was measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively in 4 children with ALL relapse, 15 children with ALL in complete remission (CR) and 40 children with newly diagnosed ALL. Ten normal bone marrow samples were used as controls. Jurkat cells were treated with different concentrations of adriamycin (ADM). The cell proliferation was detected with MTT. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. WAVE1 mRNA and protein expression of Jurkat cells treated with ADM was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.

RESULTSWAVE1 was not expressed or weakly expressed in BMMCs from normal controls and patients with ALL in CR. Higher WAVE1 mRNA and protein expression was found in BMMCs from patients with newly diagnosed ALL and patients with relapse ALL when compared with the controls and the patients in CR (P<0.01). ADM significantly inhibited the proliferation of the Jurkat cells and the inhibitory effect was dose-and time-dependent (P<0.05). After ADM treatment for 24 hrs, the percentage of apoptosis cells increased significantly and WAVE1 mRNA and protein expression of Jurkat cells decreased significantly when compared with the untreated controls (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe WAVE1 expression increased in children with ALL. WAVE1 may be related to the development of ALL and may be severed as a marker for the evaluation of the severity of ALL in children.

Adolescent ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Jurkat Cells ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; etiology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on four specific acupuncture points Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6), Danshu (BL19) and Weishu (BL21) for reducing pain in labor.

METHODSA total of 160 voluntary nulliparous women who were willing to receive TENS for analgesia were assigned to the treatment group after cervical dilation of more than 2 cm. Another 145 matched nullipara were recruited as the control group. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain before and 0.5 h after the application of TENS. Then, VAS was assessed every one hour until delivery. Percentage of VAS score decreased by > 25% was the primary outcome, the delivery mode and neonatal outcome were measured as secondary outcomes. Adverse reactions were also recorded during TENS.

RESULTSThe percentage of VAS score decreased by > 25% was 68.6% in the TENS treatment group. Maternal delivery mode and neonatal outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups. In addition, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the TENS treatment group was less than the control group (P<0.05). There was no adverse reaction recorded with TENS on acupoints.

CONCLUSIONAs a novel and non-invasive approach, TENS on specific acupoints including Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6), Danshu (BL19) and Weishu (BL21) was an effective method for analgesia in labor.

Acupuncture Points ; Case-Control Studies ; Delivery, Obstetric ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor, Obstetric ; blood ; Pain Management ; Pain Measurement ; Postpartum Period ; blood ; Pregnancy ; Time Factors ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Adult ; COVID-19/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Intracranial Thrombosis/virology* ; Male ; Severity of Illness Index ; Venous Thrombosis/virology*