The effects of radiotherapy (RT) on the survival of cancer patients are interpreted as a consequence of the improved lo-cal control of tumors that directly decrease systemic spreading. Some of the effects of ionizing radiation are recognized as a contribu-tion to systemic antitumor immunity, which can provide sufficient evidence for proposing a paradigm shift. Recent examples of objec-tive responses achieved by adding radiotherapy to immunotherapy in metastatic cancer patients support this view. Preclinical data indi-cate that RT can convert irradiated tumor into an in situ individualized vaccine and potentiate the systemic efficacy of immunotherapy, whereas activation of the innate and adaptive immune system can enhance the local efficacy of RT. This study summarizes key evi-dence that support the role of radiotherapy as an immune adjuvant and some of the current challenges in translating this knowledge for clinical use.

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on endothelial function in patients with hypertension. Methods Thirty patients were randomly divided into two groups-the treated group and the control group. The patients in the treated group were treated by integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and the patients in the control treated by felodipine sustained release tablets (Plendil). The base line of brachial angiobore and the change of vascular diameter at response to nitroglycerin and reactive hyperemia were detected by using ultrasonography. Results After the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, the inner diameter were significant improved (P 0.05). Conclusion Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can improve endothelial function in patients with hypertension. Ultrasonography is a simple and effective method to evaluate the brachial arterial endothelial function.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of every 3-week regimen of oxaliplatin (OXA) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin(CF)as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.Methods:Ninety eight patients with stage Ⅱ to stage Ⅲ colorectal cancer received every 3-week OXA plus 5-FU/CF adjuvant chemotherapy for six cycles after resection surgery. All the patients received a complete reexamination every 3 months after the end of adjuvant chemotherapy. The disease-free survival period and 1- and 2-year disease-free survival rates were observed.Results:The total 2-year disease-free survival rate was 74.5%. It was 87.0% for stageⅡpatients and 63.5% for stage Ⅲ patients. The main adverse reaction included peripheral neurotoxicity, neutropenia and diarrhea at grades Ⅰ to Ⅱ. Grades Ⅲ to Ⅳ adverse reactions occurred rarely.Conclusion:The every 3-week OXA combined with 5-FU/CF adjuvant chemotherapy regimen had definite efficacy and good tolerance, which was a rational choice of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hemodynamic changes in cervical and retrobulbar vessels and asymmetric diabetic retinopathy.Methods Color Doppler imaging(CDI) was used to quantitate diameter(D),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end diastolic velocity(EDV) and resistance index of the common carotid artery(CCA),the internal carotid artery(ICA),the ophthalmic artery(OA) and the central retinal artery(CRA),to quantitate diameter,velocity of central retinal vein(CRV),and to check carotid atherosclerosis in 12 patients with asymmetric diabetic retinopathy.Results The detection-rate of CCA and ICA atherosclerosis plaques was significantly increased in backgroud DR(41.7%)compared with that in proliferation DR(66.7%).There was a significant decrease in both PSV and EDV in OA in background diabetic retinopathy(BDR)(20.02±5.32 cm/s,5.26±2.15 cm/s) compared with PDR(27.23±12.20 cm/s,6.23±2.67 cm/s,P<0.05).There was a significant decrease in both PSV and EDV in CRA in BDR(6.44±1.78 cm/s,2.03±1.49 cm/s) compared with PDR(8.41±2.05 cm/s,2.66±0.67 cm/s,P<0.01).Conclusion The imbalance of perfusion in two eyes in diabetic patients might be one of the causes resulting in the asymmetric diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is the common complication of diabetes, and the main reason to cause diabetic blindness. The efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy is clear and definite, with the advantages of multiple target points and multiple layers. This article mainly introduced the application of Chinese herbal medicine and the active ingredients in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Blood stasis is the main pathological factor in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma is the representative medicine for activating blood and dissipating stasis. The effective components of panax notoginseng saponins, the active part of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, are ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rd, and notoginsennoside R1, having good intervention effects on cardiovascular diseases, which have become the research hotspots in recent years. This article reviewed the research progress in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and its major saponins in the field of cardiovascular diseases, and provided ideas for clinical prevention and treatment and research and development of medicine.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the number of negative lymph nodes on disease free survival (DFS) of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 485 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the data of these patients including complete information of follow-up and definite postoperative pathological results. The disease free survival of all patients was more than 6 months and was analyzed according to the pathological stage respectively. COX regression analysis was performed to screen the independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the disease free survival curve and the disease free survival rate was compared among subgroups. Results: Cox regression analysis showed that the disease free survival rate of gastric cancer patients with pathological stage T_3N_(0～2)M_0 was significantly associated with age, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor location as well as the number of negative lymph nodes. In the T_3N_0M_0 subgroup, when the number of negative lymph nodes was 1 to 4 and 5 or more, the 2-year disease free survival rate was 8.3% and 55.6%, respectively, and the 3-year disease free survival rate was 0 and 24.9%, respectively (P=0.025).In the T_3N_1M_0 subgroup, when the number of negative lymph nodes was 3 or less, 4 to 9, and 10 or more, the 2-year disease free survival rate was 17.3%, 39.1%, and 52.6%, respectively, and the 3-year disease free survival rate was 4.2%, 6.0%, and 17.1%, respectively (P<0.001). In the T_3N_1M_0 subgroup, when the number of negative lymph nodes was 7 or less and 8 or more, the 2-year disease free survival rate was 11.5% and 35%, respectively, and the 3-year disease free survival rate was 0.8% and 5%, respectively (P=0.015).Conclusion: For gastric cancer patients with pathological stage T_3N_(0～2)M_0, the number of negative nodes could reflect the level of regional lymph node dissection. The number of negative nodes can be an index for evaluation of the accuracy of pathological staging and is considered as an independent prognostic factor for disease free survival of gastric cancer patients.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the situation of professional identity of new undergraduates in medical image profession, and guide and arouse the learning initiative, provide education guidance with more pertinence for the professional plan of undergraduate, and enhance employment competence of graduates, and improve the social status of this profession.Methods:The questionnaire survey, comparison of results and trend analysis of relative question for new undergraduates of image specialty were collected and analyzed, and then the general situation of professional identity was obtained.Results: The professional identity of new undergraduates were below the average level, and their cognition for employment situation were not clear, and their evaluations for this profession were lower. Besides, the situations of male were lower than that of female.Conclusion: Face to the trend of fast development of image specialty and shortage of image professionals, the analysis of professional identity for new undergraduates is worthy because it can improve teaching quality, enhance quality for image talent and contribute to establish thorough employment guidance plan for colleges and universities.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of enucleation for the treatment of huge hemangiomas. Methods From 1979 to 1998, enucleation was used for the treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangiomas in 126 patients, among them 18 with multiple tumors and 6 with centrally located lesions. For the tumors larger than 10 cm in diametre or located in theⅠ or Ⅷ segment of the liver, enucleation combined with intermittent inflow vascular occlusion was adopted. Results All cavernous hemangiomas in this group were enucleated successfully, there was no mortality. The median intraoperative blood loss was 1015?577*!ml(200*!ml～4*!500*!ml). Postoperative complications developed in 15 patients including pleural effusion in 10 and wound infection in 5. 54 patients were lost from follow up. None of the remaining 72 patients had recurrence at the follow up ranging from 6 months to 18 years and 4 months. Conclusion Enucleation of cavernous hemangioma of the liver is a safe and effective alternative to hepatectomy.

中国盲文是我国视力残疾人使用的触觉凸点文字。规范、统一中国盲文标准，将有力地促进视残者文化事业的发展。本文对盲文的起源与发展进行了简要的介绍，论述了“中国盲文”国家标准主要内容与制定依据。并阐明贯彻“汉语双拼盲文方案”是广大视力残疾人与盲文工作者的紧迫作务。