No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Angiofibroma*

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of two spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instruments (Cirrus(R), Spectralis(R)) for evaluating optic nerve head and peripapillary structures. METHODS: Images of optic nerve complex were obtained from 136 eyes of 136 patients using enhanced depth imaging technique of 2 SD-OCT instruments. Optic nerve head and peripapillary structures were investigated for their visibility and morphological features in total eyes and glaucomatous eyes. Effect factors for laminar thickness measurement were evaluated and the reproducibility of the lamina cribrosa thickness measured by the 2 OCT instruments was analyzed. RESULTS: Lamina cribrosa thickness was better identified using Spectralis(R) OCT in total and glaucomatous eyes. Short posterior ciliary artery (in total eyes) and peripapillary choroid (in total and glaucomatous eyes) were also better identified using Spectralis(R) OCT (p < 0.001). A cup-disc ratio < or = 0.6 was the significant effect factor for laminar thickness measurement (p < 0.05). Interobserver reproducibility was excellent using both OCT instruments. Intraobserver reproducibility was excellent using Spectralis(R) OCT and moderate using Cirrus(R) OCT. CONCLUSIONS: Spectralis(R) OCT was better for visualizing optic nerve head and peripapillary structures and showed better reproducibility than Cirrus(R) OCT. Thus, the Spectralis(R) may be helpful for detecting and understanding features of the optic nerve complex.
Choroid ; Ciliary Arteries ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Optic Disk ; Optic Nerve* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence*

No abstract available.
Gastric Outlet Obstruction*

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Peritonitis*

No abstract available.
Gait* ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Diseases*

While diverticulosis of the colon is a relatively common disease, a solitary giant colonic diverticulum is rare. Although there exist some theories about the formation of the giant colonic diverticulum, none is really conclusive. The preoperative diagnosis of giant colonic diverticulum is made radiographically with findings of a large, smoothly marginated, round homogeneous radiolucency in the abdomen that is in close apposition to the colon on barium enema examination. Early surgical treatment is necessary since the complication rate is high. One case of giant colonic diverticulum is presented, the clinical, radiologic and pathologic findings are discussed, and the etiology and differential diagnosis, reviewe.
Abdomen ; Barium ; Colon* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulum ; Diverticulum, Colon* ; Enema

PURPOSE: To compare the exodrift between unilateral lateral rectus (ULR) recession and observation groups in moderate angle intermittent exotropia (IXT). METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in 769 patients who were diagnosed with IXT from 2005 to 2015. Seventy-six patients were enrolled in this study that presented with IXT of 20 to 25 prism diopters (PD) on their first visit and were observed for more than 6 months without or after operation. The observation group (group 1) was composed of 29 patients who had regular examination without operation. The surgery group (group 2) was composed of 47 patients with ULR recession that were observed for deviation changes since surgery. RESULTS: The mean age was 71.8 ± 22.0 months at first visit in group 1 and 91.1 ± 18.9 months before surgery in group 2 (p < 0.01). The distant exodeviation was 22.9 ± 2.5 PD at first visit in group 1 and 22.9 ± 2.4 PD before surgery in group 2 (p = 0.89). During follow-up, mean exodrift was 0.6 ± 9.0 PD in group 1 and 10.0 ± 7.4 PD in group 2 (p < 0.01). Exodrift up to postoperative 6 months in group 2 was 3.2 ± 4.0 PD and exodrift from postoperative 6 months to 2 years in group 2 was 7.1 ± 6.9 PD. More exodrift was noticed after post-operative 6 months (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Comparing the exodrift between the groups in moderate angle IXT, patients in the observation group showed less exodrift. Patients who had a ULR recession presented more exodrift after postoperative 6 months. Even though they were orthotropic at postoperative 6 months when the operation was thought to be stabilized, an increase in exodrift after postoperative 6 months could not be excluded.
Exotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: This study is to explore the frequency of basic symptoms and their relationship with current clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Eighty-eight schizophrenic patients diagnosed with SCID were interviewed with the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptom (BSABS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: Most frequent basic symptoms were related to abnormalities in perception, cognition and stress reactivity. After controlling age effect, number of admission was correlated negatively with cluster 3 (impaired tolerance to normal stress). Onset age was correlated positively with cluster 3 and cluster 4 (disorders of emotion and affect) and total score. Scores of cluster 1 (thought, language, perception, motor disturbances), and cluster 2 (impaired bodily sensations), and total score of BSABS were significantly lower in paranoid type than residual type of schizophrenia. Scores of cluster 1, cluster 2, and total score of BSABS were correlated positively with subscales for positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology and total score of PANSS. Cluster 3 was correlated positively only with general psychopathology score and cluster 4 with both positive symptoms and general psychopathology score. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that certain basic symptoms aggregate significantly in schizophrenia, especially in paranoid type schizophrenia and that systemic evaluation of basic symptoms can be used for the prediction of onset and progress of schizophrenia.
Age of Onset ; Cognition ; Humans ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVES: This study is to explore the frequency of basic symptoms and their relationship with current clinical variables in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Eighty-eight schizophrenic patients diagnosed with SCID were interviewed with the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptom (BSABS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: Most frequent basic symptoms were related to abnormalities in perception, cognition and stress reactivity. After controlling age effect, number of admission was correlated negatively with cluster 3 (impaired tolerance to normal stress). Onset age was correlated positively with cluster 3 and cluster 4 (disorders of emotion and affect) and total score. Scores of cluster 1 (thought, language, perception, motor disturbances), and cluster 2 (impaired bodily sensations), and total score of BSABS were significantly lower in paranoid type than residual type of schizophrenia. Scores of cluster 1, cluster 2, and total score of BSABS were correlated positively with subscales for positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology and total score of PANSS. Cluster 3 was correlated positively only with general psychopathology score and cluster 4 with both positive symptoms and general psychopathology score. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that certain basic symptoms aggregate significantly in schizophrenia, especially in paranoid type schizophrenia and that systemic evaluation of basic symptoms can be used for the prediction of onset and progress of schizophrenia.
Age of Onset ; Cognition ; Humans ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia