1.Clinical and Laboratory Finding of the 2009 Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Children.
Yu Rak SOHN ; Su Hyun PARK ; Won Duck KIM
Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2011;18(2):173-181
PURPOSE: 2009 Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was identified in March 2009 and subsequently caused worldwide outbreaks. We described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of H1N1 influenza infection. METHODS: We used retrospective medical chart reviews to collect data on the visiting patients from a single institute. H1N1 infection was confirmed in specimens with the use of a RT-PCR (real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay). RESULTS: 6,836 patients had H1N1 RT-PCR test, and 2,781 were confirmed with H1N1 virus infection. 158 patients (5.7%) had hospital treatment and inpatients were significantly younger (5.4+/-3.3 years) than outpatients (7.5+/-3.9 years) among H1N1 virus confirmed patients. Oxygen, steroid, immunoglobulin, ventilator treatment was provided in a substantial proportion among pneumonia patients accompanying wheezy respiration. In addition more intensive care was needed in patients accompanying segmental, lobar, interstitial, mixed pneumonia and lung effusion (27.2%) than patients with bronchopneumonia (7.3%) among H1N1 virus infection confirmed patients. Seventy-one infants had oseltamivir treatment out of 83 infants under 1 year, and no significant side effects and complications were identified. CONCLUSION: In 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1), hospital treatment was needed in younger patients. Early intensive care was needed in pneumonia patients accompanying wheezy respiration, and patients accompanying segmental, lobar, interstitial, mixed pneumonia and lung effusion.
Asthma
;
Bronchopneumonia
;
Child
;
Disease Outbreaks
;
Humans
;
Immunoglobulins
;
Infant
;
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
;
Influenza, Human
;
Inpatients
;
Critical Care
;
Lung
;
Oseltamivir
;
Outpatients
;
Oxygen
;
Pandemics
;
Pneumonia
;
Respiration
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Ventilators, Mechanical
;
Viruses
2.Severe Pneumonia Caused by 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Children and Corticosteroid Treatment.
Yu Rak SOHN ; Jong Hee KIM ; Sang Hyuk MA ; Kyung Yil LEE ; Jin Han KANG
Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2011;18(2):193-200
PURPOSE: The effect of corticosteroid on severe pneumonia caused by 2009 pandemic influenza (H1N1) A virus is controversial. This study was aimed to present the effects of early, short-term corticosteroid treatment for severe pneumonia with this virus infection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on severe pneumonia patients (37 patients) who had severe respiratory distress at presentation requiring oxygen therapy and received intravenous methylprednisolone (MP, 8-10 mg/kg, divided in 4 doses/day for 2-3 days) with oseltamivir. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients were evaluated through the medical records and chest radiographic findings. RESULTS: The mean age and male-to-female ratio of the patients were 6.5+/-2.9 years of age, and 3.4:1 (male 29 patients), respectively. The 5-9 aged group was predominant among the age groups (25 patients, 67.6%). Duration of fever prior to admission was 1.4+/-0.6 days and dyspnea developed within 24 h after beginning of respiratory symptoms in all patients. All patients were previously healthy and received oseltamivir within 48 h. Thirteen patients (35.1%) developed dyspnea during oseltamivir treatment. Following MP infusion, all 37 patients including 13 progressive pneumonia patients during oseltamivir treatment showed an immediate halt in the progression of pneumonic infiltration with rapid clinical improvement. There were no side-effects following steroid use. CONCLUSION: For severe pneumonia patients, early corticosteroid treatment halted clinical exacerbation, and possibly prevented progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Further controlled clinical studies are needed for the role of corticosteroids and antivirals on severely affected patients with influenza virus infections.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones
;
Aged
;
Antiviral Agents
;
Child
;
Dyspnea
;
Fever
;
Humans
;
Influenza, Human
;
Medical Records
;
Methylprednisolone
;
Orthomyxoviridae
;
Oseltamivir
;
Oxygen
;
Pandemics
;
Pneumonia
;
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Thorax
;
Viruses
3.A Case of Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia after Ingestion of Squalene in Patients with Achalasia.
Jung Chul PARK ; Chi Young JUNG ; Jae Kwang LEE ; Yu Jin LEE ; Seung Chan PARK ; Hye Jin SEO ; Yeon Jae KIM ; Byung Ki LEE ; Dong Myung HUH ; Kyung Rak SOHN
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2008;65(5):421-425
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is a chronic inflammatory reaction of the lungs resulting from the aspiration of vegetable, animal or mineral oils. Squalene, is a derivative of shark liver oil that is taken as a traditional remedy in some Asian countries, and is used widely also in cosmetics. Similar to the symptoms in most cases of oil aspiration, the symptoms of squalene-induced lipoid pneumonia are either absent or nonspecific. Hence, the disease is generally detected incidentally. Although many cases with predisposing factors have been reported, ELP with achalasia is quite rare. We report a 47-year old woman with achalasia who developed ELP after ingesting squalene. The patient was treated successfully by supportive care and surgical treatment of the achalasia.
Animals
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Cosmetics
;
Eating
;
Esophageal Achalasia
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Liver
;
Lung
;
Mineral Oil
;
Pneumonia
;
Sharks
;
Squalene
;
Vegetables