Objective To evaluate the changes of left ventricular regional function in normal subjects with aging and the influencing factors by Doppler tissue imaging. Methods One hundred and twelve normal subjects were divided into four groups according to age: I group with age≤18 years old ; II group with 18 60 years old. Using a quantitative tissue velocity analysis system and tissue tracking, the peak velocities of different ventricular segments at systole, early and late diastole (Vs, Ve,Va) , the Ve/Va ratios were obtained and the effects of age, gender, heart rate and STd were analyzed. Results (1) Peak velocities of different segments of each wall were decreased one by one from mitral annulus, the basal, middle segment to the apical portion. (2) Peak velocities of different ventricular walls were significantly different, with the antero- and posterio-inter-ventricular septum being the lowest CVe (6. 89?2. 60) ,(7. 94?2. 64)cm/s]and with the latero-,posterio-,antero, and inferior walls of the left ventricle being higherCVe (9. 85?3. 02) , (9. 80?3. 09), (8. 86?3. 16), (8. 23?2. 48) cm/s] . (3) Peak velocities of different segments were associated with age, STd, BMI, heart rate and not associated with gender. (4) The Ve/Va ratios were increased one by one from mitral annulus, basal, middle segment to apical portion, and were significantly lower in III group and IV group than in I group and II group. Conclusions Peak velocities of different segments at different walls change regularly and age is the most important influencing factor to the diastolic velocities.

OBJECTIVE:To esbablish pre-dispensing management mode and computer system in outpatient dispensary to facilitate the practice of hospital pharmaceutical care.METHODS:The establisment and application of the pre-dispensing management mode and computer system in outpatient dispensary were analyzed from aspects of hardware preparation,design of system framework and functional modules of the system.RESULTS:The application of pre-dispensing management system brought down the dispensing error rate and reduced patients' waitting time.The stability of the computer system was the key to ensure smooth operation of the pre-dispensing management mode.CONCLUSION:The practice of the pre-dispensing management mode facilitates the formation of good pharmaceutical care system and is a good dispensing managment mode suitable for sound development of hospital pharmacy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; drug therapy

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of repeated HIV antibody tests among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into the development of interventions against AIDS among MSM. Methods: MSM with self-reported homosexual behaviors in a community studio in Wuhan City were recruited using a convenient sampling method from January to April 2019, and participants' demographic features, sexual behaviors, HIV antibody tests and recognition of HIV antibody tests were collected using questionnaires. Factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 300 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a mean age of (31.06±10.24) years. Among all the participants, 196 participants had the first homosexual behaviors over 18 years of age (65.33%), 107 participants were insertive partners (35.67%), and 125 participants received sex-transmitted diseases (STDs) tests in the past six months (41.67%). The mean score for recognizing the risk of HIV infection was 12.41±3.09, for HIV antibody test self-efficiency was 17.07±2.12, and for perceived social supports was 17.42±2.41. A total of 287 respondents received HIV antibody tests (95.67%), including 192 participants receiving repeated HIV antibody tests (64.00%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age of >18 years for the first homosexual sex behavior (OR=0.404, 95%CI: 0.223-0.734), receiving STDs tests in the past six months (OR=3.896, 95%CI: 2.145-7.076), sex role as receptive partners or both receptive and insertive partners (OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.275-0.917), satisfying with HIV antibody test services (OR=2.955, 95%CI: 1.311-6.660), and high score for HIV antibody test self-efficiency (OR=1.149, 95%CI: 1.005-1.314) were factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM. Conclusions The detection of repeated HIV antibody tests was 64.00% among MSM in Wuhan City in 2019, and age for the first homosexual behavior, STDs tests, sex role, evaluation of HIV antibody test services and self-efficiency of HIV antibody tests may be factors affecting repeated HIV antibody tests among MSM.

Objective To evaluate the impact of autoantibodies to angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor AT1-AA on clinic outcomes of delayed graft function (DGF) grafts.Method We reviewed the records of all 139 consecutive adult recipients who received single kidney transplantation and clinical management between Jan.2010 and Dec.2012 in our centre.The serum levels of AT1-AA were measured by a streptavidin-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.All patients with DGF were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups:(1) AT+ DGF group (serum AT1-AA positive,11 cases) ;(2) AT-DGF group (serum AT1-AA negative,23 cases).All clinical and laboratory data were recorded in our transplant database system at each visit.Result 139 recipients were enrolled.The overall presence of DGF was 24.5％ (34/139).The incidence of DGF in patients with high binding AT1-AA was significantly higher than that in those with low binding of AT1-AA (11/24 vs.23/115,45.8％ vs.20.0％,P＜0.05).In addition,longer duration of renal replacement therapy (59 ± 32 vs.47 ± 26 months,P＜0.05),higher resistance index (0.80 ± 0.10 vs.0.72 ± 0.10,P＜0.05) of allografts and more severe acute tubular injury (2.7 ± 0.5 vs.1.8 ± 1.1,P＜0.05)/acute tubular necrosis (0.9 ± 0.5 vs.0.5 ± 0.3,P＜0.05) were observed in AT + DGF group than in AT-DGF group.One-year graft survival and death censored graft survival were similar between two groups (90.9％ vs.95.7％,P＞0.05).Conclusion Presence of high binding anti-AT1 receptor had detrimental impacts on initiation and development of DGF.

?AIM: To investigate the changes of nearwork induced transient myopia ( NITM ) in different refractive status after continuous near tasking.?METHODS:Prospective study. Thirty subjects ( aged 18-24, average 20. 9 ± 2. 1, 12 males and 18 females) were recruited in this study. They were divided into 3 groups according to the subjective refraction: 10 with hyperopia (H), 10 with emmetrope (E) and 10 with myopia (M). All the subjects with soft contact lens watched videos on a panel computer at near distance (33cm ~ 40cm). Five measurements of distance refraction in the right eye were performed by using an infrared optometer before, after 30min and 60min sustained viewing task, and the mean of 5 refractive values was recorded as spherical equivalent. Then distance refraction of right eyes was done every 5s followed by stopping near tasking until NITM was disappeared completely and the decay time of NITM was recorded for each subject. The value of NITM was the difference of refractive values between before and after near tasking. Paired-t test was used to compare the changes of refractive values in the same group. ANOVA was used to determine the differences of NITM and its decaying time among three groups.?RESULTS: Compared with pre - task, no significant refractive changes were found in hyperopic group ( t =1. 627,P= 0. 138 ); While subjects with emmetropia and myopia showed more myopic shifts at the two time points (tE = 2. 699, PE = 0. 024;tM = 4. 930, PM = 0. 001 ). With continuous viewing until the 30th min and 60th min, significant differences of averaged NITM were found between myopic group and other 2 groups (P<0. 05), but no difference was found between hyperopic group and emmetropic group (P>0. 05). Significant differences of the decay time of NITM can be seen among the three groups after near tasking (F=787. 983,P<0. 001).? CONCLUSION: Subjects with myopia are more susceptible to produce NITM than other 2 groups during sustained nearwork for the same time and the decaying time of NITM is longer in myopia group after near tasking, thus it is suggesting that NITM might be attributed to the development and progression of myopia.

Objective To explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index(BMI),percentage of body fat(PBF) and body fat mass index(BFMI) for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males. MethodsThe data of physical examinations from 1 052 Shanghai elderly males in 2007 were collected.The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors clustering and different strata of BMI,PBF and BFMI was analyzed.Receiver Operator Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was employed to determine the optimal cut-points for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering,and area under curve(AUC) was worked out.The population attributable risk proportion(PARP) of risk factors clustering was calculated. Results Odds ratios of risk factors clustering tended to increase with BMI,PBF and BFMI.BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 were the cut-off points that had approximate sensitivity and specificity,and/or had the shortest distance in ROC curve.AUC of all the three indexes was larger than 0.5.Analysis of PARP indicated that BMI under 24 kg/m2,PBF under 21% and BFMI under 5 kg/m2 could prevent 27.1%,37.44% and 36.63% risk factors clustering,respectively. Conclusion BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 can well reflect the cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males.

Calcinosis ; complications ; Decalcification Technique ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; complications ; Meningioma ; complications ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Ultrasonics

Appropriate selection and measurement of lead biomarkers of exposure are critically important for health care management purposes, public health decision making, and primary prevention synthesis. Lead is one of the neurotoxicants that seems to be involved in the etiology of psychologies. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility.The main body compartments that store lead are the blood, soft tissues, and bone; the half-life of lead in these tissues is measured in weeks for blood, months for soft tissues, and years for bone. Within the brain, lead-induced damage in the prefrontal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral problems, nerve damage, and possibly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsons disease, and schizophrenia. This paper presents an overview of biomarkers of lead exposure and discusses the neurotoxic effects of lead with regard to children and adults.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior ; drug effects ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Schizophrenia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To compare the prevalence and correlation factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in urban and rural areas in Minhang district of Shanghai through the social economic and clinical data of the elderly population.Methods Jiangchuan Street and Pujiang town were randomly selected to represent the urban and rural population in Minhang district of Shanghai,respectively.Based on the over-60-year old people health examination program,6151 objectives with complete clinical-epidemiological data and bio-chemical index were investigated.The prevalence of CKD in urban and rural areas was compared,and the correlation factors for the urban and rural CKD were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis.Results (1) The survey objectives with an average age of (69.57+7.04) years,including 4345 cases of the city residents and 1806 cases of rural residents,were enrolled.The age structures of urban and rural showed differences,population over 80 years old account for 13.1％ of the rural total,significantly higher than 7.4％ in the urban population (P ＜ 0.001).(2) The prevalence rates of diabetes,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemia in urban residents were higher than those in rural residents,which were 26.4％ vs 13.7％,9.9％ vs 2.3％,53.7％ vs 37.4％,51.4％ vs 15.6％ (all P＜ 0.01).The awareness rates of kidney disease and hyperlipidemia showed significant differences in urban and rural areas,which were 32.9％ vs 44.2％,84.6％ vs 62.8％ (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with those in rural areas,the treatment rates of hypertension and high blood lipids in urban residents were increased (all P ＜ 0.01).(3) The prevalence of CKD was 23.4％.Female CKD prevalence was higher than male,respectively 26.3％ and 18.5％ (P ＜ 0.01).In urban CKD prevalence was 22.2％,lower than 25.2％ in rural.The prevalence rate of hematuria in urban areas was lower than in rural areas,but the prevalence rate of decline in renal function was higher (all P ＜ 0.05).With the increase of age,the prevalence rate of CKD was increased (P ＜ 0.01).(4) Age (OR=1.072),smoking history (OR=1.543),previous history of kidney disease (OR=1.351),diabetes (OR=1.373),hyperuricemia (OR=2.498),obesity (OR=1.364),history of interventional therapy (OR=1.896) had positive correlation with CKD in city elderly population,while the higher education (OR=0.676,OR=0.604) and drinking (OR=0.585) had negative correlation (all P ＜ 0.05).Age (OR=1.032),female (OR=1.860) had positive correlation with CKD in rural elderly population (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CKD has been a common chronic progressive disease of the aged in Minhang district.The prevalence of CKD is higher in urban areas than in rural.Age is a common factor for CKD in urban and rural.Previous smoking,history of kidney disease,diabetes,hyperuricemia,obesity,history of interventional therapy,education and drinking have correlation with urban CKD patients.Female has correlation with rural CKD population.