The COVID-19 curve seesawed and reached the fourth pandemic in July 2021. Since the first three waves, the focus has been on achieving herd immunity through vaccination while a lot of manpower is used for quarantine. However, we have not been able to prevent the fourth wave. The causes are thought to be related to people who doubt the safety of the vaccine and refuse it or violate quarantine guidelines such as social distancing. This study examined guidelines for preventing and controlling COVID-19, the accuracy of vaccination-related information, and described quarantine measures including for those who completed vaccination. In conclusion, prevention and vaccination are the most effective countermeasures against COVID-19. We recommend people vaccination with self-quarantine. Also, it is necessary to make large investments to protect and support nurses in future pandemics.

The COVID-19 curve seesawed and reached the fourth pandemic in July 2021. Since the first three waves, the focus has been on achieving herd immunity through vaccination while a lot of manpower is used for quarantine. However, we have not been able to prevent the fourth wave. The causes are thought to be related to people who doubt the safety of the vaccine and refuse it or violate quarantine guidelines such as social distancing. This study examined guidelines for preventing and controlling COVID-19, the accuracy of vaccination-related information, and described quarantine measures including for those who completed vaccination. In conclusion, prevention and vaccination are the most effective countermeasures against COVID-19. We recommend people vaccination with self-quarantine. Also, it is necessary to make large investments to protect and support nurses in future pandemics.

PURPOSE: The main purposes of this study were to assess maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) of the expectant mothers of a fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) and to identify factors associated with MFA. METHODS: The methodology was a cross sectional survey study using a self-administered questionnaire. Thirty pregnant women carrying a fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD and 30 pregnant women with a normal fetus were enrolled in this study. The MFA Scale and PPS (The Prenatal Psychosocial Profile) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 Window version. Descriptive statistics, chi2-test and t-test were used to compare the two groups. The factors associated with MFA were identified by multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in MFA and social support from spouse was the only variable showing a significant difference. The model from the multiple regression analysis explained 33.8% of MFA for both groups. CONCLUSION: MFA of expectant mothers with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD and of mothers with a normal fetus were not significantly different. It is important that health care providers encourage expectant fathers to support the expectant mothers to increase MFA.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fathers ; Female ; Fetus ; Health Personnel ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Lifting ; Maternal-Fetal Relations ; Mothers ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Spouses ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to understand the meaning and essentials of the experience of burnout for hospital nurses with turnover intention. METHODS: The design was a qualitative research of phenomenological study. Participants: Seven hospital nurses who had worked over three years and had experiences of turnover intention in a hospital with over 400 beds were included. RESULTS: Nine meaningful themes related to burnout experiences and four theme clusters of 1) battery warning sounds almost out; 2) the player who hit the drum and double-headed drum; 3) the target flying arrow without a break; and 4) the pendulum swaying to turn over. Registered nurses (RNs) felt burnout with an overload of work and by the thought that it was illegal action for registered nurses to receive insufficient rewards for their work. RNs also experienced there were no problem solving strategies to verbal violence by patient and medical team. CONCLUSION: The findings show that burnout experiences for those who had turnover intention was developed from the insight that insufficient training to do work independently with over-load for nurses was not ethical. It suggests that it is necessary to rethink training systems for nursing and hospitals to relieve turnover intention.
Diptera ; Humans ; Intention* ; Nursing ; Problem Solving ; Qualitative Research ; Reward ; Violence

BACKGROUND: The Hetzer procedure for the correction of Ebstein's anomaly has the advantages of technical feasibility and incorporation of the atrialized right ventricle (RV) into the functional RV. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We preformed a retrospective review of 11 patients with Ebstein's anomaly and they had undergone a Hetzer procedure between March 2002 and December 2006. RESULT: The median age at operation was 19.8 years (range: 6 months~56 years). There were 4 males and 7 females. All patients showed severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) preoperatively, and arterial desaturation (<95%) was present in 3 patients. The original Hetzer technique was employed in 6 patients with the Carpentier type A anomaly. In the remaining 5 patients with the Carpentier type B or C anomalies, valve competence was restored at the level of the displaced tricuspid valve mechanism. Adjunct bidirectional cavo-pulmonary shunt, or one and a half ventricle repair strategy was employed for all the patients. The median follow-up was 8.6 months (range: 0.8~51.9 months). There was no early or late death, and the immediate postoperative TR was trivial to mild in 8 patients. The median cardio-thoracic ratios on chest X-ray at the preoperative period and at postoperative 0, 1 and 6 months were 65%, 62%, 55% and 55%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The original or modified Hetzer procedure for Ebstein's anomaly shows excellent intermediate-term outcomes.
Ebstein Anomaly* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Competency ; Preoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax ; Tricuspid Valve ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

PURPOSE: Common conditions, such as dehydration or respiratory infection can aggravate hypoxia and are associated with interstage mortality in infants who have undergone palliative surgery for congenital heart diseases. This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of a home monitoring program (HMP) in decreasing infant mortality. METHODS: Since its inception in May 2010, all infants who have undergone palliative surgery have been enrolled in HMP. This study was a prospective observational study and infant outcomes during HMP were compared with those of previous comparison groups. Parents were trained to measure oxygen saturation, body weight and feeding volume and to contact the hospital through the hotline for emergency situations. Telephone counseling was conducted by clinical nurse specialists every week post discharge. RESULTS: Forty-one infants were enrolled in HMP. Nine hundred telephone counseling sessions were conducted. Seventy-three infants required telephone triage with the most common conditions being gastrointestinal (50.7%) and respiratory symptoms (32.9%). With HMP intervention, interstage mortality decreased from 18.6% (8/43) to 9.8% (4/41) (chi2=1.15, p=.283). CONCLUSION: Results indicate that active measures and treatments using the HMP decrease mortality rates, however further investigation is required to identify various factors that contribute to hemodynamic complications during the interstage period.
Body Temperature ; Body Weight ; Caregivers/education/psychology ; Counseling ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital/mortality/prevention & control/*surgery ; Heart Rate ; Hospitalization ; Hotlines ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic/*methods ; Oxygen Consumption ; Palliative Care ; *Program Evaluation ; Prospective Studies ; Time Factors

Naphthyridine compounds are important, because they exhibit various biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity. Some naphthyridines have antimitotic effects or demonstrate anticancer activity by inhibiting topoisomerase II. These compounds have been investigated as potential anticancer agents, and several compounds are now part of clinical trials. A series of naphthyridine derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against human cervical cancer (HeLa), leukemia (HL-60), and prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lines using an MTT assay. Some compounds (14, 15, and 16) were more potent than colchicine against all three human cancer cell lines and compound (16) demonstrated potency with IC50 values of 0.7, 0.1, and 5.1 microM, respectively. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used for quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) molecular modeling of these compounds. We obtained accurate and predictive three-dimensional QSAR (3D-QSAR) models as indicated by the high PLS parameters of the HeLa (q2, 0.857; r2, 0.984; r2pred, 0.966), HL-60 (q2, 0.777; r2, 0.937; r2pred, 0.913), and PC-3 (q2, 0.702; r2, 0.983; r2pred, 0.974) cell lines. The 3D-QSAR contour maps suggested that the C-1 NH and C-4 carbonyl group of the naphthyridine ring and the C-2 naphthyl ring were important for cytotoxicity in all three human cancer cell lines.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Cell Line ; Colchicine ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; Humans* ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia* ; Models, Molecular ; Naphthyridines ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship ; Structure-Activity Relationship* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: We aimed to identify factors influencing physical activity in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease. METHODS: We recruited 92 adolescents with complex congenital heart disease from a tertiary medical center in Seoul, measured their levels of physical activity, and identified factors that influenced their physical activity levels using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, the New York Heart Association classification, congenital heart disease complexity, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Parental Bonding Instrument scale. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to determine factors influencing physical activity. RESULTS: Total physical activity was higher in males than in females (t=4.46, p<.001). Adolescents who participated in school physical education classes engaged in more physical activity than those who did not (t=6.77, p<.001). Higher self-efficacy (β=.41, p<.001), male gender (β=.37, p<.001) and participation in school physical education classes (β=.19, p=.042) were associated with a higher likelihood of engagement in physical activity. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop nursing interventions that enhance self-efficacy in order to promote physical activity in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease. Physical activity should also be promoted in an individualized manner, taking into account gender, disease severity, and parental attitude.
Adolescent ; Classification ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Nursing ; Parenting ; Parents ; Physical Education and Training ; Seoul

Purpose: This phenomenological study aimed to comprehend the altered parenting experience of nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Method: Using a qualitative approach, the research design employed a phenomenological methodology. The participants were 6 nurses with elementary school-aged children. The nurses were employed in tertiary general hospitals, working on rotating shifts during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect individual data, which were then analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological method. Results: Analyzing the collected data led to 178 significant results, from which 13 themes were derived. These 13 themes were further integrated into 5 distinct theme clusters: (1) struggling as a nurse-mom, (2) providing a supportive presence, (3) facing challenges in facilitating children's learning activities, (4) navigating parental roles in a chaotic situation, and (5) pursuing physical safety. These clusters were subsequently categorized into four overarching categories: “suffering,” which encompassed the themes of pressure of infection and providing a supportive presence, as well as “controlling,” “parenting,” and “seeking,” representing the remaining clusters, respectively. Conclusion The parenting experiences of shift nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic encompassed various aspects, including the challenges posed by the pressure of infection, the importance of providing a supportive presence, difficulties in managing children’s learning activities, navigating parental roles amid chaotic circumstances, and the pursuit of physical safety. These experiences significantly impact the stability of shift nurses’ caregiving abilities for both their patients and their children. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a comprehensive nationallevel care support system in times of disaster situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.