The treatment of myopic amblyopia and myopic anisometropic amblyopia is difficult and usually resultless and it has been the obstacle of amblyopic treatment. Corneal contact lens, corneal refractive surgery and phakic intraocular lens as new methods can significantly improve visual acuity of patients with high myopic amblopia and myopic anisometorpic ambyopia. For correcting myopia and myopic anisometropic amblyopia it provides a new method. This paper discusses the availibility and safty of above methods for the treatment of myopic amblyopia and myopic anisometropic amblyopia.

)0.05). However, the index of source memory (I) was (0.73?)0.13 in adult group and (0.87?)0.08 in children group, the difference between the two groups was obvious ((P

Objective:To study the neuropsychological features and explore possible mechanisms in pure word deafness.Methods:A case of a 55 year-old right-handed woman was analysed,who presented with a long lasting pure word deafness following subcortical and cortical hemorrhage in right temporal and parietal lobe.Results:There was no sign of aphasia. The auditory deficit was sepecific for language, while recognition of music and environmental sounds was normal. CT examinations showed that the lesion was due to right cerebral hemisphere hemorrhage, mainly the white matter of temporal and parietal lobe. Conclusion:It is proposed that pure word deafness was consequent to the isolation of Wernicke's area from incoming auditory information due to the interruption both of the association fibers from the right auditory area traveling across the corpus callosum and of the left auditory radiations.

To promote the technical training and scientific popularization of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in China, the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Specialized Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association combined with the Science Popularization Branch of the Chinese Medical Association wrote "2018 National consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in China". The formation was based on the general outline about "2016 National consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in China", and to implement the important strategies included the "three pre" policy, prevention, precognition, and pre-warning, before the cardiac arrest (CA); the "three modernization" methods, standardized, diversified and individualized, during the CA; and the "three life" strategies, the rebirth, the extra and the extended, after the CA; and also combined with the concrete National conditions and clinical practice of China area. The document summarized the evidence of published science about CPR training till now, and recommend the establishment of "the CPR Training Triangle" according to the Chinese National conditions. The bases of the triangle were system, training and person, the core of which was CPR science. The main contents were: (1) The "three training" policy for CPR training: the cultivation of a sound system, which included professional credibility, extensive mobilization and continuous driving force, and the participation of the whole people and continuous improvement; the cultivation of scientific guidelines, which included scientific content, methods and thinking; and the cultivation of a healthy culture, which included the enhancement of civic quality, education of rescue scientifically, and advocate of healthy life. (2) The "three training" program of CPR training: training professional skills, which included standard, multiple, and individual skills; training multidimensional, which included time, space, and human; and training flexible, including problem, time, and innovation oriented. (3) The "three party" direction of CPR training, the application for achievement translation, which included scientific translations, skill propagators, and cultural advocates; the precision disseminators, which included accurate communication sources, channels, and dissemination of the audience; and theoretical innovation guides, which included scientific, popular science and communication theory. That integrated the wisdom of scholars, melt the thought of genius, and created the act of envoy for Chinese and foreign CPR training. The training program should be suitable for different trainee, no matter who is trainer or trainee. The release of the expert consensus on the 2018 CPR training will make the National CPR education into the new training era with definite direction, clear target and fully standard of China.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; China ; Consensus ; Heart Arrest ; Humans

Objective To identify the risk factors for progression of advanced chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients who were cared by nephrologists in a specific CKD outpatient management clinic.Methods A prospective monocentric cohort study was performed.CKD patients of stage 3, 4 and 5 without renal replacement treatment were followed up regularly by nephrologists in this specific CKD management clinic.Patients with established atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS) and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, and those who had not been followed-up for at least 12 months before Jun.30, 2010 were excluded.Clinical and laboratory data including blood pressure (BP), proteinuria, hemoglobulin (Hb), calcium phosphate product (Ca×P) and serum creatinine were consecutively collected.The treatment regimen was also recorded.Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) was calculated with the formula modified for Chinese to evaluate the change of renal function.The progression of kidney disease was defined as initiation of renal replacement therapy, the annual decrease of eGFR＞4 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1, and/or death associated with renal disease.Results A total of 138 patients were enrolled in the final analysis with 84 patients of CKD stage 3, 36 of CKD stage 4 and 18 of CKD stage 5, respectively.At the time of enrollment, patients had an average age of (56.5:±:16.7) years old with an average eGFR of (32.3±13.4) ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1.During a mean follow-up interval of (27.1±12.1) months, the patients were well-controlled with an average blood pressure of (126.5±12.4)/(76.4±7.9) mm Hg in 50.7％(70/138), less than or equal to 130/80 mm Hg, an average Hb of(123.8±17.1) g/L in 73.9％(102/138), above or equal to 110 g/L and an average Ca×P of (45.2±7.7) mg2/dl2 in 89.1％(123/138), less than or equal to 55 mg2/dl2.Sixty-two patients (44.9％) had progression of kidney disease. On univariate analysis, factors predicting progression were low eGFR at referral, high systolic pressure, low Hb level, high Ca×P and proteinuria during follow-up, and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors treatment did not affect the progression.After the adjustment, multivariate analysis revealed proteinuria and low Hb level were independent factors for the progression of kidney disease.Conclusions The co-morbidities of advanced CKD patients can be managed efficiently in specific CKD outpatient management clinic.Control of proteinuria and correction of anemia may be beneficial to prevent the progression of advanced CKD.

Objective: The study has been testing the efficiency of attention networks in Chinese adults. Methods: The study has used "ANT" to examine 76 normal Chinese adults and analysed the effect on alerting, orienting and executive attention. Results: The reaction time across whole ANT is 502-940(706?105)ms, and the correct ratio is 93%-100%(0.97?0.07).The alerting effect is 30?20ms, orienting effect 51?24ms, and conflict effect 106?32ms. Correlation analyses demonstrate no correlation between alerting, orienting, and conflict resolution. Conclusion: ANT produces reliable subject estimates of alerting, orienting and executive attention function.

Objective:To find out the key demand and connection point of health quality education for students of different stages by analysis of their health quality characteristics and the main contribution path, and then explore strategies to improve health quality. Methods:The stratified random cluster sampling method was carried out to select the sample population in Hangzhou. The variance analysis, curve fitting and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze health quality characteristics and the main contribution path. Results:The health quality of pri-mary school students was best;the difference in quality between college students and junior high school students was not statistically significant ( P>0. 05 );and high school students had the worst health quality. The high school stage is the weakest link of health quality education. The order of the health education path and the means for improving the health quality of college, high school, and primary school students differ. With the improvement of students’ lev-el, the students that require physical quality promotion gradually decreases; the moral quality demand remains sta-ble;and the psychological quality and social adaptation ability present the tendency of a gradual increase. Conclu-sion:Student health quality shows a tendency to decreases with the rise of learning phase. The education departments should foster health consciousness and habits for students, form a healthy lifestyle behavior and ways of thinking for high school students, shape healthy personalities to improve health literacy and social adaptation abilities for college student, which is the key strategy for promoting the health quality of all-round development of the students and a-chieve the primary education goal of “health education”.

Objective:To investigate memory disorder in hippocampal infarction patient. Methods: A hippocampal infarction patient was examined by the MMSE and the WMS-RC. Results: Patient's performance on MMSE was within the normal range, but the short-term memory was impaired. Conclusion: Hippocampal plays an important role in encoding and storing new information.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes in apoptosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) during the course of seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury (SWD-ALI), and the possible roles of cytokines in the process. Methods Thirty-six NZ rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups by using a random number table: control group (0h, as baseline value) and 5 seawater drowning groups (S1h, S3h, S6h, S12h and S24h). Blood gas analysis and hemogram were observed at different time points. The ratio of wet to dry lung weight (W/D) and lung permeability index (LPI) were calculated. The changes in PMN apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometer. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?), interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) and IL-10 in serum were detected by ELISA. Meanwhile, the pathological changes in lung tissue were examined with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and lung pathologic scores (LPS) were evaluated. Results The W/D ratio reached its peak value at 3h, while LPI at 6h. The histopathologic findings indicated that inflammatory cell infiltration was most massive at 6～12h. LPS increased at 1h, significantly higher than that of control group (P0.05). Conclusions The apoptosis of PMN, the main inflammatory effector cells, is significantly inhibited in the early stage of SWD-ALI. The serum cytokines, TNF-?, IL-1 and IL-10, play important roles in the pathogenesis of SWD-ALI, but have no evident effects on the inhibition of PMN apoptosis.

To investigate various microRNAs (miRNAs) expression levels in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of gastric cancer,and to explore the effects of miRNA214 in CAFs on the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells.Methods The primary CAFs were isolated from human gastric tumor tissues,while the normal fibroblasts (NFs) were from adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissues.Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression level of miRNAs in CAFs and NFs.The interaction model in vitro between CAFs and MGC-803 (a gastric cancer cell line) was established by Transwell chamber,and then the effects of miRNA-214 in CAFs on MGC-803 invasion and migration were analyzed.Results It was found that the expression level of 18kinds of miRNAs in CAFs was different.Moreover,the expression level of miRNA-214 in CAFs was most observably decreased compared with NFs.Further studies indicated that over-expression of miRNA-214 in CAFs could markedly inhibit the migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells in vitro.Conclusion The expression of miRNAs was different between CAFs and NFs,and the miRNA-214 expression in CAFs is markedly reduced compared with NFs.The over-expression of miRNA-214in CAFs could significantly inhibit the migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells.Therefore,miRNA-214 in CAFs might act as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer progression.