Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urologic malignancy, comprising 2% to 3% of all malignant diseases. Lym-phangiogenesis significantly affects the lymphatic metastasis of tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factors and their receptors have important functions in the spread of cancer cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C, which links the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3, can increase lymphangiogenesis and promote lymphatic metastasis. These findings direct research efforts toward lymphangiogenesis in malignant diseases and a possible targeted therapy. An increasing number of studies on the lymphatic vessel of renal cell carcinoma have drawn considerable interest in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. This paper summarizes recent studies on lymphangiogenesis and the clinical significance of renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) in patients aged over 40 years old. Methods: A total of 115 patients with secundum ASD, aged 40 or over, who were treated by transcatheter closure in our hospital from Oct. 1998 to Jul. 2005 were enrolled in this study, including 106 with single ASD, eight with multiple ASD and one with complicated patent foramen ovale. All the 115 patients received ASD closure with the AGA Amplatzer device or ASD occluder made in China. The patients received electrocardiogram (ECG), X-ray and transthoracic echocardiography (TEE) before and three days after operation. Follow-up were done 6 months and 3 years after operation. Results: The transcatheter procedure was successfully done in 114 (99.13%) of the 115 patients. The one failed case was transferred to the thoracic surgery department for ASD repair. The complication rate was (3.5%). Classification of heart function (NYHA) improved from 2.11±0.78 to 1.34±0.56 after operation (P<0.001). ECG showed that the right bundle branch block (RBBB) disappeared or improved (complete RBBB to incomplete RBBB). X-ray showed a decrease of cordis/ thorax ratio (CTR). TTE displayed that the right venticle (RV) volume was significantly decreased (P<0.001) and ejection fraction was significantly increased (P<0.001). There were three cases of transseptal residual leakage. Conclusion: Transcatheter Closure of secundum ASD in patients aged over 40 is safe and effective when indications are strictly followed.

Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; psychology

Objective To study the relationship between serum leptin and thyroid function by investigating the change of serum leptin concentration in children with abnormal thyroid function (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism).Methods The levels of serum leptin was determined by radio-immunoassay(RIA) in 20 cases of hyperthyroidism, 17 cases of hypothyroidism, 25 cases of normal controls, respectively .Meanwhile, the serum levels of free triiodothyronine(FT 3), free thyroxine(FT 4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) were measured by micro-particle-chemiluminescence immunoassay.Results The levels of serum leptin in hypothyroidism group before treatment was significantly lower than that of normal control groups (P0.05).Conclusions The levels of serum leptin in hypothyroidism markedly descend and no change in the hyperthyroidism. Thyroid hormone can promote the secretion of serum leptin eligibly.

Objective To Analyze the examination meaning of b-type brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP),homocysteine and coagulation-fibrinolysis indexes for patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Selected 40 patients with acute cerebral infarction (experimental group) to hospital from March 2014 to May 2015 and 40 healthy check-up cases (control group).Then,compared the indicators in blood between the two groups of patients,namely homocysteine (Hcy),NT-proBNP,activated clotting time live enzymes enzyme (APTT),original activator inhibitory factor (PAI-1) and tissuetype fibrinolytic enzyme original activator (tPA).Meanwhile,also compared these indicators for the experimental group before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 17.7±3.6 μmol/L,29.4±7.9 μmol/L,3 212.8±2 511.4 ng/L,130.1±17.8 μmol/L and 37.8±4.5 s,respectively.The levels of Hey,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for control group were 7.2± 2.1 μmol/L,15.1 ± 3.7 μmol/ L,198.7 ± 1 14.8 ng/L,67.8 ± 7.9 μmol/L and 37.8 ± 4.5 s,respectively.After treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 12.2±1.5 μmol/L,18.2±2.3 μmol/L,348.7±194.8 ng/L,78.6±9.8 μmol/L and 32.2±4.5 s,respectively.Before treatment,the indicator of APTT for experiment patients was significantly shorter than it after treatment and that of the control group.The other four indicators were significantly higher than them after treatment and those of the control group.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hcy,NT-proBNP,APTT,PAI-1,and t-PA had closely relation with the occurrence of acute cerebral infarction development,and they can be helpful to evaluate disease progression and predict prognosis for patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objectiye To investigate the relationship between microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair gene (MMR) in lung carcinoma,and to analyze its action in lung carcinogenesis.Methods DNA was extracted from 50 cases of lung carcinoma and adjacent normal tissue.SSCP was used to detect MSI.Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein in lung carcinoma.Results Of the 50 cases of lung carcinoma,14 with high MSI,21 with low MSI,and 15 with microsatellite stability,0 with MSI in normal group (P = 0.000).Lack of hMLH1 and hMLH2 staining was found in 37 of 50 (74 %) and 16 of 50 (32 %) lung carcinoma tissues with MSI,respectively; but both of hMLH1 and hMSH2 positive staining was found in the lung carcinoma tissues with MSS.Conclusion MSI appears to be associated with lung carcinogenesis,and inactivation of either hMLH1 or hMSH2 may be responsible for MSI,suggesting that MSI may become one of diagnosis indexes of lung carcinoma.

Background Flicker light can induce myopia,but its mechanism remains unclear.As one of immediate early genes,early growth response-1 (Egr-1) gene can generate rapid response to visual stimulation,however,its effect on the formation and development of myopia is below understood.Objective This study was to investigate the dynamic expression of Egr-1 gene in retinas of flicker light-induced eyes (FL) and compare the results with form deprived eyes (FD).Methods One hundred and fifty 28-day-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the normal control group,FD group and FL group.The right eyes of mice were occluded with a semitransparent hemispherical thin plastic shell for 2 weeks in the FD group,and the right eyes of mice were stimulated by 2 Hz flicker light for 2 weeks in the FL group,and then the mice were fed in the normal light environment for 1 week.The refractive state and axial length of the model eyes were measured by murine-specific eccentric infrared photorefraction and A-scan ultrasonography before modeling and 1 hour,I day,1 week,2 weeks after modeling as well as 1 week after termination,respectively.The mice were sacrificed in above-mentioned time points to isolate the retinas.The expressions and location of Egr-1 protein and mRNA in the retinas were detected by Western blot,and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and immunochemistry.The expressions of Egr-1 markers,neuron and protein kinase C (PKC)-α,in the retinas were assayed by using immunofluorescence.The care and use of the animals followed the administration regulations for experimental animals of Jiangsu Province.Results Two weeks after modeling,the refraction of the FL group was (0.32±0.14) D,which was significantly lower than (-0.66±0.43)D in the FD group (t=6.78,P=0.00).One hour after modeling,The expression levels of Egr-1 mRNA in mouse retinas were 0.626±0.044 and 0.695±0.058 in the FD group and FL group,which were significantly declined in comparison with 1.009±0.089 of the normal group (t=14.81,P=0.01;t=9.15,P=0.03).In 2 weeks after modeling,the expression levels of Egr-1 mRNA were still lower in the FD group and F:L group compared with the normal group (all at P＜0.05).However,the expression levels were significantly elevated in the FD group and FL group compared with the normal group (t=4.13,P=0.01;t=4.26,P=0.01) at 1 week after termination.Western blot showed a dynamic decrease in the expressions of Egr-1 protein with lapse of time in the FD group and FL group with the lowest expressing level in the second week after modeling.In I week after termination of modeling,the expressing level was raised in the FD group or the FL group,but it was still lower than that ir the normal group (t =6.32,P=0.00;t =5.45,P=0.01).Egr-1 protein was mainly expressed in the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer,inner nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer in the normal mice,and the expression intensity was obviously weaker in the FD mice and FL mice 2 weeks after modeling.Htowever,the expression was enhanced in 1 week after termination of modeling.Neuron and PKC-α were strongly expressed in the RGCs and bipolar cells in the normal mice.Conclusions The eyes show a myopic trend after induce of flicker light in B6 mice.The expression level of Egr-1 gene in the retina down-regulates with the reduce of refraction in FL eyes,and its dynamic expressing change is consistent between the FD eyes and FL eyes.

Objective To evaluate and compare the applicability and accuracy of POSSUM , P-POSSUM and Thora-coscore in predicting the postoperative mortality of thoracic surgery patients .Methods We collected the clinical data of 1 450 thoracic surgery patients during March 2012 to August 2013 in the Second Xiangya Hospital.We used the 3 kinds of risk sco-ring system to calculate the predicted postoperative mortality in these patients .Then we used H-L test and the area under the ROC curve to evaluate and compare their degrees of compliance and validities of identification independently .Results Within 1 450 cases,20 patients (1.4%) died in 30 days after surgery, POSSUM overestimated the mortality (3.84%,P<0.001), while the P-POSSUM (1.05%/1.10%) and Thoracoscore (0.90%) underestimated the mortality, P>0.05.The area under the ROC curve of POSSUM, P-POSSUM ( two kinds of death prediction formula ) and Thoracoscore to predict postoperative mortality in all thoracic surgery patients was 0.774,0.777,0.777 and 0.831 independently, P <0.05; the area under the ROC curve to predict postoperative mortality in patients after lung surgery was 0.755,0.771,0.771,0.849 independently, P<0.05; the area under the ROC curve to predict postoperative mortality of patients with esophageal surgery was 0.640,0.650,0. 650,0.764 independently, only Thoracoscore P<0.05;the area under the ROC curve to predict postoperative mortality of pa-tients with mediastinal and other surgical was 1.000,1.000,1.000,0.854 independently, only Thoracoscore P<0.05.Con-clusion Thoracoscore scoring system is the most suitable risk scoring system to predict postoperative mortality in thoracic sur-gery patients with high predictive accuracy and good identification validity .

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that there are large differences in the thickness of the soft tissue overlying hard tissue, and the soft tissue does not uniformly overly the hard tissue, indicating simple hard tissue measurement wil not harvest ideal facial profile in clinical treatment of malocclusions. OBJECTIVE: To study the craniofacial soft and hard tissue characteristics in the adult Angle class II malocclusion, and then to analyze the relationship between Angle class II1 and class II2 malocclusions. METHODS: Sixty patients with adult Angle II malocclusion who were accepted by the Department of Orthodontics of Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University from 2011 to 2014, on gender parity, aged 18-38 years (mean age of 26.3 years), including 30 cases of Angle class II1 and 30 cases of Angle class II2. Differences between the adult Angle class II1 and class II2 malocclusion patients were compared by cephalometric analysis based on X-ray measurement. Statistical correlation analysis was performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Comparisons of hard tissue measurement of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions showed that: SNB, SND, ANB, FH-NP, U1-SN (P < 0.001), LI-NB (P< 0.01), L1-MP (P < 0.01), U1-L1 (P < 0.001) exhibited statisticaly significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). (2) Comparisons of soft tissue measurement of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions showed that: there were significant differences in the ULA'-FH, LLNs-FH, ULNs-FH, CmSnUL, E-LL (P < 0.05). (3) There was a correlation between the soft and hard tissue of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions in al measurement indexes, but the correlativity exists differently. These findings indicate that for Angle class II1malocclusion, the maxilary and anterior teeth protrusions have a certain influence on the position of the lower lip; for Angle class II2 malocclusion, only maxilary protrusion can impact the position of the soft tissue of the lower lip. Chin soft tissue has no major changes in Angle class II2 malocclusion, but it varies greatly in Angle class II1 malocclusion. Clinical treatment of adult Angle class II malocclusions is developed based on the craniofacial soft and hard tissue characteristics in orthodontic and orthognathic surgeries.

A strain no.H5 isolated from Rhizophora stylosa Griff in Zhanjiang had a good antagonistic activity against Aspergillus niger,pathogen of Dracaena Sanderiana black-rot disease.It was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.Dual culture,mycelium growth rate and inhibitory zones were used to test the effect. Strong inhibition was shown against A.niger.Inhibitory ratios of H5 germ-free fermented filtrate on mycelium growth and conidial germination were 91.9%and 100%respectively.In addition,mycelia on the edge of antagonistic band became abnormal and over-branching.Meanwhile,a lot of vesicles appeared on the surface.When treated with heat,acid and alkali,the filtration of H5 was always with stable activity.Precipitate in 55%saturated ammonium sulfate dissolved in phosphate buffer solution maintained most of the activity after high pressure steam sterilization for 25 minutes.It was preliminarily considered as a kind of heat resistant protein.