Thrombosis of the dural sinus in the fetal period is an extremely rare congenital cerebrovascular condition. The exact etiologies and prognosis of dural sinus thrombosis in the fetal period are still unknown due to the extremely limited clinical information available. Therefore, we present a case of dural sinus thrombosis diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging that spontaneously regressed, with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial ; Thrombosis

The reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes (RCVS) is a group of conditions, which is characterized by a reversible segmental constriction, typically associated with recurrent thunderclap headaches, and is often complicated by ischemia or hemorrhagic stroke. Clinical situations, associated with the development of RCVS, include pregnancy or the postpartum period, as well as various medications and illicit drugs. However, vasoconstriction syndromes remain poorly characterized, under-recognized, and difficult to diagnose, because of the lack of specific diagnostic tests or diagnostic criteria. Therefore, we present a first case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome of pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia, diagnosed by a magnetic resonance image and angiography, which results in chronic cerebral infarction, with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Angiography ; Cerebral Infarction ; Constriction ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Headache ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Postpartum Period ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Street Drugs ; Stroke ; Vasoconstriction

Sleep deficiency is a common public health problem associated with many diseases, such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we established a sleep deprivation (SD) mouse model using a ‘stick over water’ method and observed the effect of sleep deficiency on ocular surface health. We found that SD decreased aqueous tear secretion; increased corneal epithelial cell defects, corneal sensitivity, and apoptosis; and induced squamous metaplasia of the corneal epithelium. These pathological changes mimic the typical features of dry eye. However, there was no obvious corneal inflammation and conjunctival goblet cell change after SD for 10 days. Meanwhile, lacrimal gland hypertrophy along with abnormal lipid metabolites, secretory proteins and free amino-acid profiles became apparent as the SD duration increased. Furthermore, the ocular surface changes induced by SD for 10 days were largely reversed after 14 days of rest. We conclude that SD compromises lacrimal system function and induces dry eye. These findings will benefit the clinical diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disorder-related ocular surface diseases.