Objective To study the regulatory effect of cefodizime on the T-lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in mice with immunological liver injury.Methods The mouse model of immunological liver injury was induced by Bacillus Calmette Guerin and Lipoposaccharide.The study was conducted by using completely random design.The mice with immunological liver injury were divided into thymosin group,cefodizime high-,medium-,low-dose groups,ceftriaxone group and the normal saline group.The six groups were continuously administered agents respectively for 7 days,and T-lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in mice were determined and contrasted with those of the normal mice treated with normal saline on the 7th day.Flow cytomytry was used to determine the effects of cefodizime on T-lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in mice by using immuno-fluorescence technique.Results The immunological liver injury mice were deficient because their CD3+(%),CD4+(%),CD8+(%) and the ratio of CD4+CD8+ were lower than those of the normal mice.Cefodizime effectively increased CD3+(%),CD4+(%) and the ratio of CD4+CD8+ of the mice with immunological liver injury.Conclusion Cefodizime effectively improves the immune function of the host by regulating the balance between CD4+ cell and CD8+ cell.

During the period of 11th Five-Year Plan,the Natural Science Foundation of China Peking University First Hospital acquired has improved in the total amount and project types.An analysis was made on the status of grant application and support in Peking University First Hospital as well as on the management method of the grant,offering some suggestions for the general hospitals on the management and development of Natural Science Foundation.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning

Objective To evaluate the pulmonary protection of dexmedetomidine during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.Methods Thirty patients of both sexes,aged 40-70 yr,weighing 50-80 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective radical operation for lung cancer,were randomized into 2 groups (n =15 each):dexmedetomidine group (group D) and control group (group C).Before induction of anesthesia,a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg was infused over 10 min,followed by continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.6 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the chest was closed in group D,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.Immediately after induction of anesthesia,at 30 and 60 min of one-lung ventilation,and at the end of operation,arterial blood samples were collected for determination of the serum concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8,and for blood gas analysis.Oxygenation index was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the serum concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly decreased,and oxygenation index was increased in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can mitigate inflammatory responses during one-lung ventilation and improve pulmonary function,thus providing pulmonary protection in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the development of related legislation work on ensuring pediatric drug use in China. METHODS:The legislation process of pediatric drug use in US,the effects of current Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act and Pediatric Research Equity Act on pediatric drug use in US were intrduced and analyzed,suggestions on guarantee-ing the accessibility and safety on pediatric drug use in China were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The policy6-month period of pediatric exclusive protectionin Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act has motivated the enthusiasm of phar-maceutical companies developing pediatric studies,while it affects the marketing of generic drugs. Pediatric Research Equity Act has achieved remarkable effect in terms of ensuring the safety of pediatric drug use by forcing pharmaceutical companies to carry out pediatrics assessments,while there is no enough force for the marketed drugs that has not been widely used for children. En-couragement and enforcement are useful methods for promoting development of pediatric drug use. It is suggested to take measures like modifingone drug two formsin Prescription Management Regulations,accelerating approvals of related pediatric drugs on the premise that safety is guaranteed,implementing tax preference for related pharmaceutical companies that produced pediatric drugs,promoting the entry of drug reimbursement list and empowering CFDA to force pharmaceutical companies to implement pedi-atric studies to promote the accessibility and safety of pediatric drugs.

Objective To verify the feasibility and application value of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Methods Adults urine samples were collected,iodine calibration curves of 0-300 μg/L and 300-1200 μg/L were prepared,and urinary iodine was determined by the improved As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometric method.Lyophilized human urinary iodine ingredient standards were used to validate linearity and range,limit of detection,precision and accuracy of this improved detection method.Results The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-300 μg/L,the detection limit was 1.8 μg/L,and the range of correlation coefficient was-0.9995--0.9997.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,200-280 μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 1.5％,0.8％ and 0.5％.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,150-180 μg/L,the average recoveries were 97.8％,99.8％ and 96.6％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (73.0± 9.0) and (206.0± 10.0)μg/L,and the results determined by this method were (75.5 + 0.9) and (207.5 ± 1.9)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 3.4％ and 0.7％,respectively,the results determined were all within the given value range.The linear range of the calibration curve was 300-1200 μg/L,the detection limit was 305.2 μg/L,the range of the correlation coefficient was-0.9996--0.9999.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-400,500-600 and 1000-1200μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 0.6％,1.0％ and 0.7％.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-499,500-599 and 600-700 μg/L,the average recoveries were 99.7％,99.2％ and 100.4％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (558.3 ± 3.5) and (884.8 ± 4.7)μg/L,the results determined by this method were (556.0 + 17.0) and (883.0 ± 28.0)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 0.4％ and 0.2％,respectively,the results were all within the given value range.Conclusions This method extends the detection range of iodine concentration,and improves precision and accuracy.This method greatly reduces the amount of arsenic used therefore reduces environmental pollution,which is suitable for promotion.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of the combined modality therapy for the patients with difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis (DTRS). METHOD: The clinical data involving 42 patients with DTRS were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and combined modality therapy systematically and individually. The clinical effects of all patients were observed 6- and 12-month following revision ESS. RESULT: Forty-two patients were followed up for 6 months, whereas 35 patients were followed for 12 months post operation. VAS scores of the patients significantly improved (P < 0.01) 6- and 12-month after revision ESS, but there was no statistic difference (P > 0.05) between 6- and 12-month post operation. Moreover, Lund-Kennedy scores by endoscopy significantly improved (P < 0.01) 6- and 12-month following ESS. Similarly, there was no statistic difference (P > 0.05) between 6- and 12-month postoperatively. Additionally, within 6 months follow-up, 16 of 42 patients (38.1%) were cured, 19 of 42 patients (45.2%) were improved, and 7 of 42 patients (16.7%) were ineffective. The total effective rate in all patients was 83.3% 6 months postoperatively. While within 12 months follow-up, 11 of 35 patients (31.4%) were cured, 15 of 35 patients (42.9%) were improved, and 9 of 35 patients (25.7%) were ineffective. Hence, the total effective rate in 35 patients was 74.3% after 12-month follow-up. There was no statistic difference (χ² = 1.019, P > 0.05) between 6- and 12-month postoperatively. CONCLUSION Appropriate revision ESS plus the combined modality therapy has been proven to be an effective method for the treatment of DTRS. The clinical effects in this study are significant and stable, and thus it is worthy of further clinical applications.
Combined Modality Therapy ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; therapy ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: Our previous study demonstrated that moxibustion could promote skin wound healing in rats with full-thickness cutaneous wounds. The present study was designed to observe the effect of moxibustion on the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying facilitating wound-healing. METHODS: A total of 84 adult SD male rats were randomly assigned to normal (n＝6), model(n＝39)and moxibustion(n＝39)groups. The skin wound model was established by removal of a piece of full-thickness skin from the median line of the rats' back (about 2 cm below the shoulder blade). Moxibustion was applied to the surrounding area of the focus for 25 min, once daily for 6 days. The blood samples were collected at day 1, 2, 3 and 5 after modeling for assaying serum contents of IL-1α， IL-1β， IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophagecolony stimulating factor (GM-CSF, an inflammatory mediator), macrophage inhibitory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with liquid chip methods, and the topical wound tissues were collected after trans-cardiac perfusion with 4% paraforma-ldehyde solution for detecting the expression of CD31 proteins by using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: After modeling and in comparison with the model group, the contents of serum IL-1α and IL-6 at the 1st day were significantly increased (P<0.05), but notably decreased at the 3rd day after modeling in the moxibustion group (P<0.05). The contents of serum IL-1β on day 1 and 2 were significantly higher in the moxibustion group than those of the model group (P<0.05). After moxibustion, the contents of serum IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated on day 1 after modeling (P<0.05), and obviously down-regulated from the 3rd day on (P<0.05). The contents of serum MIP-1α on the 2nd day and serum VEGF on day 1 and 2, and wound-skin VEGF on day 5 were obviously up-regulated in the moxibustion group in comparison with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01)．. CONCLUSION: Moxibustion promotes the inflammatory response by regulating the levels of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the early phase of skin wounds in rats, which may be in favor of the transformation from the inflammatory phase to the proliferation phase in advance, promoting wound healing at last.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the site of nosocomial infection in ICU,distribution and resistance of bacteria in order to make the intervention strategy.METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria isolated from nosocomial infection patients in ICU from Jul 2006 to Jul 2008 was performed by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS The main pathogens of nosocomial infection in ICU were Gram-negative organisms(48.09%),Gram-positives(38.93%),and fungi(12.98%).The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,fungi,and S.haemolyticus.All strains of S.aureus and S.haemolyticas were antimicrobial sensitive to vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid.All A.baumannii strains were antimicrobial sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam.They were resistant to other antimicrobial agents.CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative organisms are the main pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial infection in ICU,but the percentage of Gram-positives and fungi is increasing,S.aureus is the most main pathogenic bacterium of nosocomial infection in ICU.S.haemolyticus is also a main pathogenic bacterium.The pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial infection in ICU are highly resistant to the most antimicrobial agents.

Objective To study the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression and secretion of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) of rabbit transfected with pcDNA3-VEGF165 expression plasmid in order to construct a kind of tissue engineering artificial skull with more blood supply.Methods By gene reconstruction method,the VEGF165 gene was cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3 and recombined eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3-VEGF165 was constructed;By lipofectamine transfection method,pcDNA3-VEGF165 expression plasmid was transfected into MSCs of rabbit;By RT-PCR and Western blotting methods,the VEGF mRNA expression and VEGF protein secretion in the MSCs were detected.Results Recombined eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3-VEGF165 was confirmed to be true by double enzyme digestion,two strips came to appear in 5400 bp and 600 bp of gelose electrophoresis and their sizes accorded with pcDNA3 plasmid and VEGF165 accordingly;Primarily cultured and subcultured MSCs of rabbit were successfully performed and the MSCs storehouse of rabbit was established,primary MSCs presented lymphoid form at first and then the morphology of them became circulara,polygonal or irregular forms,they were more and more like fibroblastic cells after subcultured cultivation.The expressions of VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein in the MSCs were found after transiently transfection by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods.Conclusion Recombined eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3VEGF165 can be transfected into MSCs of rabbit effectively by lipofectamine and the VEGF expression can be detected in the MSCs after transfection.