The most common cause of small bowel obstruction is postoperative adhesion, and besides a hernia, metastatic or primary cancer and small bowel tumors are possible causes. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction and is associated with debilitating conditions with marked weight loss. SMA syndrome results from the compression of the third part of the duodenum due to the narrowing of the aortomesenteric angle. We report a 28-year-old woman with SMA syndrome after acute gastroenteritis. Her stomach was severely dilated due to the duodenal obstruction and computed tomography showed the compression of the third portion of the duodenum by SMA. She was conservatively cared for and thus favorably improved.
Adult ; Duodenal Obstruction ; Duodenum ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Hernia ; Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Stomach ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome ; Weight Loss

Periodontal disease is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity, and this is the leading cause of loss of teeth. Studies on the association between diet and periodontal diseases are very limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between food and nutrient intakes and the prevalence of periodontitis. Subjects were 13,391 adults participating in the 2008-2010 Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was diagnosed by dentists using the Community Periodontal Index. Nutrient intakes were estimated by the 24-hour dietary recall. Consumption frequencies of foods were from the food frequency questionnaire. Subjects were categorized into 'smoking' or 'non-smoking' groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association between diet and periodontitis. The proportions of subjects having periodontitis were 26% in the non-smoking group and 37.5% in the smoking group. In the non-smoking group, intakes of fruits, dairy products, green tea, energy and vitamin C were inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontitis, but fish and coffee intakes were positively associated with the prevalence of periodontitis after adjusting for covariates. In the smoking group, protein and retinol intakes were inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontitis after adjusting for covariates. These results suggest that certain food and nutrient intakes such as fruits, dairy products, green tea, vitamin C, protein, or retinol intakes may affect the prevalence of periodontitis among Korean adults. Further studies are required to confirm these findings in other research settings.
Adult* ; Ascorbic Acid ; Coffee ; Dairy Products ; Dentists ; Diet ; Fruit ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mouth ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontitis* ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Tea ; Tooth ; Vitamin A

Genes of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in various cancer tissues. In order to use CTAs as cancer diagnosis marker, we developed molecular method for detection of CTAs transcripts in tissue. In order to know the applicability of DNA of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) on cancer diagnosis, molecular diagnostic methods for detection of gene expression of melanoma antigen gene (MAGE), GAGE, and B melanoma antigen (BAGE) was studied. After comparing DNA sequences of CTAs, S1/AS1 and S2/AS2, GAGE-S/ GAGE-AS, and BAGE-S/BAGE-AS primers were designed for the detection of MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGEs, respectively. The gene expression of CTAs in cancer cell lines, head and neck cancer tissues, ovary cancer tissue, and peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using these primers. The MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGE genes were expressed in 8/8 (100%), 5/8 (62.5%) and 1/8 (12.5%) of head and neck cancer tissues, respectively. The gene expression of MAGEs were also detected in 8/10 (80%) of ovary cancer tissues and in 9/10 (90%) of peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients in RT-PCR test using S1/AS1 primers. The results of this study suggest that molecular diagnosis method using CTAs genes, especially RT-PCR using S1/AS1 primer combination, is useful for diagnosis of cancer and it will be used for the prediction of cancer progression or regression and metastasis in future.
Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pathology, Molecular ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Testis*

We report here on an uncommon case of peliosis hepatis with hemorrhagic necrosis that was complicated by massive intrahepatic bleeding and rupture, and treated by emergent right lobectomy. We demonstrate the imaging findings, with emphasis on the triphasic, contrast-enhanced multidetector CT findings, as well as reporting the clinical outcome in a case of peliosis hepatis with fatal hemorrhage.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods ; Rupture ; Peliosis Hepatis/complications/*radiography/surgery ; Necrosis ; Humans ; Hemorrhage/etiology/*radiography/surgery ; Female ; Adult

PURPOSE: To elucidate high-resolution CT(HRCT) findings and their pathologic basis in pulmonary oil embolism induced by LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pulmonary oil embolism was induced by infusing LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion through a peripheral vein in twelve Yorkshire pigs. Serial HRCT scans were performed on 2rid, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after the procedure. The pigs were sacrificed immediately after HRCT and histologic specimens were prepared in the same plane and level with HRCT. RESULTS: The basic pathology was reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung. On HRCT, intraalveolar hemorrhage and edema in the acute stage manifested as ground-glass opacity or air-space consolidation of the whole secondary Iobule. The lesions were predominantly distributed over the dependent posterior lung fields because the specific gravity of Lipiodol is 1.28. Interlobular septal thickening due to edematous fluid collection was also associated. With the elapse of time, the extent and severity of the acute lesions resolved and, sometimes, changed into small nodular opacities. Pulmonary opacity was most severe on the post-embolization 2nd day and completely resolved within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary embolization of LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion causes reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung and Lipiodol toxicity seems to play a major role. HRCT findings of pulmonary oil embolism are quite different from those of pneumonia and pulmonary metastasis, which suggests the possibility of clincal application.
Edema ; Embolism* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Pneumonia ; Specific Gravity ; Swine ; Veins

OBJECTIVE: Panic disorder has been suggested to be divided into the respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes in terms of its clinical presentations. The present study aimed to investigate whether there are any differences in treatment response and clinical characteristics between the respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes of panic disorder patients. METHODS: Among the 48 patients those who completed the study, 25 panic disorder patients were classified as the respiratory subtype, whereas 23 panic disorder patients were classified as the non-respiratory subtype. All patients were treated with escitalopram or paroxetine for 12 weeks. We measured clinical and psychological characteristics before and after pharmacotherapy using the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Albany Panic and Phobic Questionnaire (APPQ), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T, STAI-S), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: The prevalence of the agoraphobia was significantly higher in the respiratory group than the non-respiratory group although there were no differences in gender and medication between the two groups. The respiratory group showed higher scores on the fear of respiratory symptoms of the ASI-R. In addition, after pharmacotherapy, the respiratory group showed more improvement in panic symptoms than the non-respiratory group. CONCLUSION: Panic disorder patients with the respiratory subtype showed more severe clinical presentations, but a greater treatment response to SSRIs than those with non-respiratory subtype. Thus, classification of panic disorder patients as respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes may be useful to predict clinical course and treatment response to SSRIs.
Agoraphobia ; Anxiety ; Citalopram ; Classification ; Depression ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Panic ; Panic Disorder* ; Paroxetine ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of retinopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its risk factors. METHODS: Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with SLE were reviewed retrospectively. The presence of retinal hemorrhage, vasculitis and a cotton wool patch were regarded as lupus retinopathy, but concomitant diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy were excluded from the study. The correlation between the development of lupus retinopathy and the presence of positive autoantibodies was also investigated. RESULTS: Ocular morbidity was found in 173 of 260 (66%) SLE patients. Retinopathy was detected in 52 eyes of 33 patients (12%), which included 36 eyes of 21 patients (63%) with classic retinopathy and 11 eyes of 10 patients (30%) with vaso-occlusive retinopathy. The presence of classic retinopathy coincided with the flare-up of lupus activity and completely resolved without visual impairment. However, vaso-occlusive retinopathy was not related with lupus activity, and resulted in significant visual impairments of 20/200 or less in six eyes of five patients. The disease activity of lupus assessed by the maximum SLE disease activity index was higher in patients with retinopathy (p<0.05), and the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibody was higher in patients with vaso-occlusive retinopathy than in patients with classic retinopathy (66.7% vs. 37.5%, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vaso-occlusive retinopathy in SLE can result in permanent visual impairment. Patients with high SLE activity or positive anti-phospholipid antibodies have a high possibility of developing SLE retinopathy and should be referred for ophthalmologic examination.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Autoantibodies ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Eye ; Humans ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Medical Records ; Prevalence ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vasculitis ; Vision Disorders ; Wool

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of retinopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its risk factors. METHODS: Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with SLE were reviewed retrospectively. The presence of retinal hemorrhage, vasculitis and a cotton wool patch were regarded as lupus retinopathy, but concomitant diabetic retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy were excluded from the study. The correlation between the development of lupus retinopathy and the presence of positive autoantibodies was also investigated. RESULTS: Ocular morbidity was found in 173 of 260 (66%) SLE patients. Retinopathy was detected in 52 eyes of 33 patients (12%), which included 36 eyes of 21 patients (63%) with classic retinopathy and 11 eyes of 10 patients (30%) with vaso-occlusive retinopathy. The presence of classic retinopathy coincided with the flare-up of lupus activity and completely resolved without visual impairment. However, vaso-occlusive retinopathy was not related with lupus activity, and resulted in significant visual impairments of 20/200 or less in six eyes of five patients. The disease activity of lupus assessed by the maximum SLE disease activity index was higher in patients with retinopathy (p<0.05), and the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibody was higher in patients with vaso-occlusive retinopathy than in patients with classic retinopathy (66.7% vs. 37.5%, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vaso-occlusive retinopathy in SLE can result in permanent visual impairment. Patients with high SLE activity or positive anti-phospholipid antibodies have a high possibility of developing SLE retinopathy and should be referred for ophthalmologic examination.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Autoantibodies ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Eye ; Humans ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Medical Records ; Prevalence ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vasculitis ; Vision Disorders ; Wool

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the dietary life and nutritional status of Korean elementary school students according to breakfast frequency and to clarify the relationship between breakfast frequency of elementary school students and parental dietary and social environmental factors. METHODS: This study used data from the 2013 ~ 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI). The subjects were 1,325 elementary school students aged 6 to 11 years old. Subjects were categorized into two groups: a skipping breakfast group (ate breakfast 0 ~ 4 times per week), eating breakfast group (ate breakfast 5 ~ 7 times per week) by sex and grade (lower grade: 1st ~ 3rd/upper grade: 4 th ~ 6 th). RESULTS: Among upper grade boys and girls, the skipping breakfast group had a higher rate of childhood obesity than the eating breakfast group. In lower grade boys, the mothers of the skipping breakfast group had higher rates of economic activity and eating breakfast alone without family members than the mothers of the eating breakfast group. For lower grade boys and girls and upper grade boys, the skipping breakfast group had a higher rate of parents who did not eat breakfast than the eating breakfast group. The energy intake of the breakfast consumed by all subjects was less than 25% of the Estimated Energy Requirements (EER). Moreover, for upper grade boys and girls, the skipping breakfast group had a higher rate of subjects whose daily intake was below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iron than the eating breakfast group. CONCLUSION: Breakfast frequency of elementary school students was related to childhood obesity. The frequency of eating breakfast among elementary school students was related to the dietary life factors of parents such as breakfast frequency and dietary condition. Intake for breakfast was less than 25% of the EER, while the skipping breakfast group had a higher rate of subjects whose daily intake was below the EAR for iron than the eating breakfast group. Therefore, it is necessary to consider diverse forms of policy support such as opening nutrition education programs for parents and practicing morning meals at school for elementary school students to provide regular and balanced breakfasts.
Breakfast ; Ear ; Eating ; Education ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritional Status ; Parents ; Pediatric Obesity ; Social Environment

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of provinol, which is a mixture of polyphenolic compounds from red wine, on the secretion of catecholamines (CA) from isolated perfused rat adrenal medulla, and to elucidate its mechanism of action. Provinol (0.3~3 microgram/ml) perfused into an adrenal vein for 90 min dose- and time-dependently inhibited the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh (5.32 mM), high K+ (a direct membrane-depolarizer, 56 mM), DMPP (a selective neuronal nicotinic NN receptor agonist, 100 micrometer) and McN-A-343 (a selective muscarinic M1 receptor agonist, 100 micrometer). Provinol itself did not affect basal CA secretion. Also, in the presence of provinol (1 microgram/ml), the secretory responses of CA evoked by Bay-K-8644 (a voltage-dependent L-type dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel activator, 10 microgram), cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, 10 microgram) and veratridine (an activator of voltage-dependent Na+ channels, 10 microgram) were significantly reduced. Interestingly, in the simultaneous presence of provinol (1 microgram/ml) plus L-NAME (a selective inhibitor of NO synthase, 30 micrometer), the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh, high K+, DMPP, McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and cyclpiazonic acid recovered to the considerable extent of the corresponding control secretion in comparison with the inhibition of provinol-treatment alone. Under the same condition, the level of NO released from adrenal medulla after the treatment of provinol (3 microgram/ml) was greatly elevated in comparison to its basal release. Taken together, these data demonstrate that provinol inhibits the CA secretory responses evoked by stimulation of cholinergic (both muscarinic and nicotinic) receptors as well as by direct membrane-depolarization from the perfused rat adrenal medulla. This inhibitory effect of provinol seems to be exerted by inhibiting the influx of both calcium and sodium into the rat adrenal medullary cells along with the blockade of Ca2+ release from the cytoplasmic calcium store at least partly through the increased NO production due to the activation of nitric oxide synthase.
(4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride ; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester ; Adrenal Medulla ; Animals ; Calcium ; Catecholamines ; Cytoplasm ; Dihydropyridines ; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide ; Indoles ; Neurons ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Rats ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1 ; Receptors, Cholinergic ; Sodium ; Veins ; Veratridine ; Wine