No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

Alexander disease (AxD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Three subtypes of AxD have been identified based on the age of onset: infantile (under age 2), juvenile (age 2 to 12) and adult (over age 12). The adult form is rare and presents with unique clinical features different from those of the infantile forms. Here, we present the first Korean case of adult-onset cerebellar ataxia with typical tadpole-like brainstem atrophy on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Molecular genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous missense mutation (c.1246C>T, p.R416W) in the GFAP gene.

Intracranial vasculitis is a rare and disastrous complication of tuberculous meningitis if not treated properly. Focal neurologic deficits according to the vessels involved are common manifestation. Here, we report a 29-year-old man who suffered abrupt, bizarre behavioral changes caused by vasculitis complicating tuberculous meningoencephalitis. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is based upon both the CSF findings and a chest X-ray. His systemic symptoms disappeared by after being administered antituberculous medication but various psychotic features such as hypersomnia, hyperphagia and aggressivebehavior continued. A brain MRI showed multiple small parenchymal tuberculous nodules, and the brain MR angiography revealed a narrowing of the proimal middle cerebral arteries and a reduced visualization of the cerebral vessels, suggesting widespread vasculitis. Intravenous dexamethasone successfully ameliorated his behavioral changes. In addition both the follow up brain MRI and angiography showed a normalization of the previous findings.
Adult ; Angiography ; Brain ; Dexamethasone ; Diagnosis ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningoencephalitis* ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with sexual debut among Korean middle school students. METHODS: From the database of the Eighth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), the researchers selected 37,297 middle school students aged 12-15 years. Data were analyzed using chi2 test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: The proportion of middle school students who had a sexual debut was 2.1% of boys and 1.5% of girls. In multiple regression analysis, economic status, experience of part time work, smoking, drug use and depression were associated with an increased proportion of sexual intercourse for both boys and girls. Living with parents, drinking alcohol and suicidal ideation were associated with sexual debut for boys only. By contrast, formal sexual education was associated with a reduced risk of sexual debut. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show the factors associated with sexual debut among Korean middle school students. Gender-related interventions should be taken into consideration in school sexual education programmes, because of differences in related factors according to gender.
Adolescent ; Coitus ; Depression ; Drinking ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Parents ; Risk-Taking ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Suicidal Ideation

The authors reviewed the clinical findings and treatment results of 12 cases of spinal meningeal cysts which were detected in MRI of low back patients. In these lesions, large cysts without CSF communication can compressed the nerve roots within spinal canal and it is difficult to confirm the cause of symptom whether it is originated from cysts or from associated spinal disorders. The terms and classifications of spinal meningeal cysts were very confusing. Among 12 cases, we excised 3 cases of large cysts with gluteal and perianal pains that were caused by compressed sacral nerve roots. All three cases were type 2 cyst (classified by Nabors) and located in sacral canal. In one case associated with isthmic spondylolisthesis, posterolateral fusion and pedicle screw fixations were combined with cyst excision. In other two cases, there were not any spinal pathologic findings that compressed sacral nerve roots except mild degenerative changes and intervertebral disc herniation in lower lumbar and sacral levels All 3 excised cases showed good prognosis in more than one year follow up. The other cases were treated conservatively for the associated spinal disorders.
Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis ; Radiculopathy ; Spinal Canal ; Spondylolisthesis

Purpose: This descriptive study investigated the influence of married nurses’ self-efficacy, parenting stress, and organizational culture on their health-promoting behaviors. Methods: Data were collected from 173 married nurses in G and B metropolitan city; the study was conducted from August to September 2019. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS 18.0. Results: The most significant influencing factors on the health-promoting behavior of the subject were self-efficacy (β=.38, p<.001), followed by parenting stress (β=-.21, p=.002), education (β=-.20, p=.001), perceived health status (β=.19, p=.003) and the overall explanatory power was 42.0%. Conclusion Based on the results, an intervention program that can increase their self-efficacy and reduce parenting stress is needed, considering education level of married nurses and their perceived health status to be developed.

Purpose: To understand mediating effects of self-esteem on the relation between acculturative stress and achievement motivation of adolescents from multicultural families. Methods: As a secondary analysis research using data of the 16th (2016) Youth Health Behavior Survey, this study selected a total of 1,239 middle school students from multicultural families. Using SPSS/WIN 24.0 Program, collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé’s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, Stepwise multiple regression, and SPSS Process Macro. Results: Achievement motivation had a significantly negative correlation with acculturative stress (r=-19, p<.001) while it had a positive correlation with self-esteem (r=.56, p<.001). Acculturative stress had a negative correlation with self-esteem (r=-23, p<.001). Self-esteem partially mediated the relation between acculturative stress and achievement motivation (95% CI, -0.05~-0.03). Conclusion Results of this study indirectly showed that the negative influence of acculturative stress on achievement motivation could be reduced through enhancement of self-esteem. Thus, to improve achievement motivation of adolescents from multicultural families, it would be necessary to develop and provide programs for enhancing self-esteem.

Purpose: The electronic frailty index (eFI), which is derived from electronic health records, has been recommended as screening tool for frailty due to its accessibility and ease of use. The objective of this systematic review was to identify the prevalence of frailty assessed by the eFI and its influence on health outcomes in older adults with chronic diseases. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane, Google search, and nursing journals in Korean from January 2016 to December 2022. Results: Twelve studies were analyzed. The eFI score, based on routine clinical data, was associated with adverse health outcomes. The most frequent outcome studied was mortality, and the eFI was associated with increased mortality in nine studies. Other outcomes studied included hospitalization, length of stay, readmission, and institutionalization in relation to hospital care usage, and cardiovascular events, stroke, GI bleeding, falls, and instrumental activities of daily life as health conditions. Conclusion Early identification of frailty in older adults with chronic diseases can decrease the burden of disease and adverse health outcomes. The eFI has a good discriminative capacity to identify frail older adults with chronic diseases.

The development and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs) are fundamental processes with significant implications for both health and disease. ECs, which are found in all organs and blood vessels, play a crucial role in facilitating nutrient and waste exchange and maintaining proper vessel function. Understanding the intricate signaling pathways involved in EC development holds great promise for enhancing vascularization, tissue engineering, and vascular regeneration. Hematopoietic stem cells originating from hemogenic ECs, give rise to diverse immune cell populations, and the interaction between ECs and immune cells is vital for maintaining vascular integrity and regulating immune responses. Dysregulation of vascular development pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, where tumor-specific ECs promote tumor growth through angiogenesis. Recent advancements in single-cell genomics and in vivo genetic labeling have shed light on EC development, plasticity, and heterogeneity, uncovering tissue-specific gene expression and crucial signaling pathways. This review explores the potential of ECs in various applications, presenting novel opportunities for advancing vascular medicine and treatment strategies.

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*