PURPOSE: To elucidate high-resolution CT(HRCT) findings and their pathologic basis in pulmonary oil embolism induced by LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pulmonary oil embolism was induced by infusing LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion through a peripheral vein in twelve Yorkshire pigs. Serial HRCT scans were performed on 2rid, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after the procedure. The pigs were sacrificed immediately after HRCT and histologic specimens were prepared in the same plane and level with HRCT. RESULTS: The basic pathology was reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung. On HRCT, intraalveolar hemorrhage and edema in the acute stage manifested as ground-glass opacity or air-space consolidation of the whole secondary Iobule. The lesions were predominantly distributed over the dependent posterior lung fields because the specific gravity of Lipiodol is 1.28. Interlobular septal thickening due to edematous fluid collection was also associated. With the elapse of time, the extent and severity of the acute lesions resolved and, sometimes, changed into small nodular opacities. Pulmonary opacity was most severe on the post-embolization 2nd day and completely resolved within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary embolization of LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion causes reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung and Lipiodol toxicity seems to play a major role. HRCT findings of pulmonary oil embolism are quite different from those of pneumonia and pulmonary metastasis, which suggests the possibility of clincal application.
Edema ; Embolism* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Pneumonia ; Specific Gravity ; Swine ; Veins

PURPOSE: To investigate the levels of radiation exposure of an operator which may be influenced by the wearing an apron, type of procedure, duration of fluoroscopy and operator's skill during various interventional procedures MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiation doses were measured both inside and outside the apron(0.5mm lead equivalent) of the operator by a film badge monitoring method and the duration of fluoroscopy was measured in 96 procedures prospectively. The procedures were 30 transcatheter arterial embolizations (TAE), 25 percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages (PTBD), 16 stone removals (SR), 15 percutaneous needle aspirations (PCNA) and 10 percutaneous nephrostomies(PCN). To assess the difference of exposure by the operator's skill, the procedures of TAE and PTBD were done separately by groups of staffs and residents. RESULTS: Average protective effect of the apron was 72.8%. Average radiation exposure(unit:micro Sv/procedure) was 23.3 in PTBD by residents, 10.0 in PTBD by staffs, 10.0 in SR, 8.7 in TAE by residents, 7.3 in TAE by staffs, 9.0 in PCN and 6.0 in PCNA. Average radiation exposure of residents were 1.9 times greater than those of staffs. CONCLUSION: Radiation exposure was not proportionally related to the duration of fiuoroscopy, but influenced by wearing an apron, various types o[procedure and operator's skills.
Aspirations (Psychology) ; Film Dosimetry ; Fluoroscopy ; Needles ; Pregnenolone Carbonitrile ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Prospective Studies

Testicular torsion is rare in newborn infants. However, its frequency has increased, most of which are reported in full-term infants. We diagnosed and treated testicular torsion in an extremely low birth weight infant (ELBWI). A 2x2 cm red mass was palpable in the left groin of a 24-week-old, 745 g, male newborn at 23 days of age. Left testicular torsion was diagnosed, and emergent orchiopexy was performed. Careful physical examination is needed in cases suspicious of testicular torsion in ELBWIs with cryptorchidism. Moreover, early diagnosis and emergent exploration are necessary to prevent complications such as the risk of anorchia.
Cryptorchidism ; Early Diagnosis ; Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY ; Groin ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Orchiopexy ; Physical Examination ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis

No abstract available.
Intervertebral Disc*

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of arthrocopic treatment for the avulsion fracture of intercondylar eminence of the tibia and of the technique of arthroscopically assisted reduction and fixation through pull-out suture method. Between January 1995 and May 1997, three patients were underwent arthroscopic reduction and suture fixation for type 0 of avulsion fracture of intercondylar eminence of tibia and were followed up. The result of two patients were graded as normal and one as nearly normal by the criteria of the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC) rating scale. The advantages of this technique include no retained hardware and ability to treat comminuted fracture(type g ). We describe technique of arthroscopic reduction and suture fixasion for displaced avulsion fractures, including those with comminution of intercondylar eminence of tibia.
Humans ; Knee ; Sutures* ; Tibia

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the status of total sugar intake and contributing foods in Korea according to age groups. Methods: This study used 24-hour dietary recall data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021) to investigate the nutritional and total sugar intake status among Koreans. A total of 18,338 research participants (≥3 years old) were included in this study. To analyze the types of foods contributing to total sugar intake, these foods were categorized into 15 types. Moreover, we examined the total sugar intake and ranked the most consumed foods by age groups (3–11 years, 12–18 years, 19–34 years, 35–49 years, 50–64 years, over 65 years). A survey procedure was employed for statistical analysis. Results: The energy intake ratio from total sugars was approximately 12%–15%, which was within the recommended range. However, the proportion of individuals consuming total sugar exceeding 20% of their total caloric intake is nearly 20%, raising concerns about excessive sugar consumption. Furthermore, the percentage of participants whose intake of sugar from processed foods exceeded 10% of their total calories was highest in the 12–18 age group at 37.1%, followed by the 3–11 age group at 35.2%, and the 19–34 age group at 34.0%. Carbonated drinks, cola, and cider were the primary foods consumed by children and adolescents (3–18 years old) and young adults (19–34 years old). For middle-aged and older adults, mixed coffee with sugar and cream was a prominent contributor to sugar intake. Conclusions This study investigated sugar consumption patterns among Koreans, finding the principal foods contributing to this intake. Identifying these contributors is pivotal, given their potential impact on public health.

BACKGROUND: We investigated the prevalence of electrolyte imbalance and the relationship between serum electrolyte and anterior pituitary hormone levels in patients with Sheehan's syndrome. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we investigated 78 patients with Sheehan's syndrome. We also included 95 normal control subjects who underwent a combined anterior pituitary hormone stimulation test and showed normal hormonal responses. RESULTS: In patients with Sheehan's syndrome, the serum levels of sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphate were significantly lower than those in control subjects. The prevalence of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia in patients with Sheehan's syndrome was 59.0% (n=46), 26.9% (n=21), 35.9% (n=28), 47.4% (n=37), and 23.1% (n=18), respectively. Levels of sodium and ionized calcium in serum were positively correlated with levels of all anterior pituitary hormones (all P<0.05). Levels of potassium in serum were positively correlated with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and growth hormone (GH) levels (all P<0.05). Levels of inorganic phosphate in serum were positively correlated with levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and GH (all P<0.05), and levels of magnesium in serum were positively correlated with delta ACTH (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Electrolyte imbalance was common in patients with Sheehan's syndrome. Furthermore, the degree of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency relates to the degree of electrolyte disturbance in patients with this disease.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Calcium ; Electrolytes ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypokalemia ; Hyponatremia ; Hypophosphatemia ; Hypopituitarism* ; Magnesium ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior ; Potassium ; Prevalence ; Prolactin ; Retrospective Studies ; Sodium ; Thyrotropin

PURPOSE: The prevalence of congenital heart anomalies is known to be higher in patients with clefts of the lip and/or palate(CL/P). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and type of congenital heart anomalies in patients with CL/P. METHODS: We investigated congenital heart anomalies in 756 patients presented with CL/P from January 1986 to December 1997 by reviewing their clinical records. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of congenital heart anomalies in patients with CL/P was 4.2% (32 of 756). Congenital heart anomalies in those were ventricular septal defect (15 of 32), atrial septal defect (4 of 32), tetralogy of Fallot (3 of 32), patent ductus arteriosus (2 of 32), double outlet right ventricle(2 of 32), pulmonary stenosis (1 of 32), transposition of the great arteries (1 of 32), pulmonary atresia (1 of 32), coarctation of aorta (1 of 32), anomalous systemic venous drainage (1 of 32), and aortic aneurysm with patent ductus arteriosus (1 of 32). It was significant that the prevalence rate of congenital heart anomalies in cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP+/-L) was 6.8% (30 of 442), because the prevalence rate of congenital heart anomalies in cleft lip alone was not higher than in normal population (0.6%; 2 of 314). Of the 30 patients with congenital heart anomalies, 12 patients (40 %) had conotruncal defects. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of congenital heart anomalies in patients with CP+/-L was much higher than normal population. Cardiac defects were predominantly conotruncal. Predominance of conotruncal defects among congenital heart anomalies in those was associated with abnormalities of neural crest cell proliferation and migration developing into conotruncus and palate.
Aortic Aneurysm ; Aortic Coarctation ; Arteries ; Cell Proliferation ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Drainage ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Lip* ; Neural Crest ; Palate* ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary Atresia ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Tetralogy of Fallot

Four hundred and sixty five randomly selected clones from a cDNA library of Blattella germanica were partially sequenced and searched using BLAST as a means of analyzing the transcribed sequences of its genome. A total of 363 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from 465 clones after editing and trimming the vector and ambiguous sequences. About 42% (154/363) of these clones showed significant homology with other data base registered genes. These new B. germanica genes constituted a broad range of transcripts distributed among ribosomal proteins, energy metabolism, allergens, proteases, protease inhibitors, enzymes, translation, cell signaling pathways, and proteins of unknown function. Eighty clones were not well-matched by database searches, and these represent new B. germanica-specific ESTs. Some genes which drew our attention are discussed. The information obtained increases our understanding of the B. germanica genome.
Sequence Alignment ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Male ; Female ; *Expressed Sequence Tags ; Blattellidae/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Animals

Naphthyridine compounds are important, because they exhibit various biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity. Some naphthyridines have antimitotic effects or demonstrate anticancer activity by inhibiting topoisomerase II. These compounds have been investigated as potential anticancer agents, and several compounds are now part of clinical trials. A series of naphthyridine derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against human cervical cancer (HeLa), leukemia (HL-60), and prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lines using an MTT assay. Some compounds (14, 15, and 16) were more potent than colchicine against all three human cancer cell lines and compound (16) demonstrated potency with IC50 values of 0.7, 0.1, and 5.1 microM, respectively. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used for quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) molecular modeling of these compounds. We obtained accurate and predictive three-dimensional QSAR (3D-QSAR) models as indicated by the high PLS parameters of the HeLa (q2, 0.857; r2, 0.984; r2pred, 0.966), HL-60 (q2, 0.777; r2, 0.937; r2pred, 0.913), and PC-3 (q2, 0.702; r2, 0.983; r2pred, 0.974) cell lines. The 3D-QSAR contour maps suggested that the C-1 NH and C-4 carbonyl group of the naphthyridine ring and the C-2 naphthyl ring were important for cytotoxicity in all three human cancer cell lines.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Cell Line ; Colchicine ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; Humans* ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia* ; Models, Molecular ; Naphthyridines ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship ; Structure-Activity Relationship* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*