OBJECTIVE:To discuss the role of hospital pharmacists in the clinical drug trial.METHODS:The role of hospital pharmacists in publicizing and training of Good Clinical Practice(GCP),in the formulation of each standard operating instruction and in each stage of clinical drug trial was analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Hospital pharmacists played a key role in clinical drug trial.They can get to know the basic research methodology from participating in the clinical drug trial,meanwhile their consciousness on scientific research can be strengthened.

An α-amylase inhibitor (α-AI) was isolated from white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) by ethanol fractional precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration column chromatography. It was a homogeneity glycoprotein demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on CL-6B. The glycoprotein contained 88.2% protein and was rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, threonine and serine. The carbohydrate moiety was consisted of Man, Glc, Gal and Xyl in a mole ratio of 2.42∶1.50∶1.52∶1.00. The glycan and the core protein backbone was connected by O-linkage as determined by β-elimination reaction. The continuous oral administration of the α-AI (150 mg·kg-1·d-1 ) for 7 days can lower fasting blood glucose and 300 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 α-AI for 7 days can improve the sugar tolerance on alloxan-dependent diabetic model rats. The result showed the α-AI obtained from white kidney beans had good hypoglycemic effect on alloxan induced diabetic rats and may have high potential pharmaceutical value as a regulative digestive-starch degradation in patients suffering from diabetes.

As an indispensable part of minority traditional medicine, mineral medicine has used with less dosage and reliable efficacy for the last thousand years. Based on the unearthed relics and medical literatures of past dynasties, the history of Han nationality ap- years, which had been recorded in main literature. But there is less comprehensive report of its usage in the other 55-minority nationality. This article was based on the analysis of ethnic minority literature of thousands of years, and conducted a comprehensive collation and analysis of mineral medicine. It was mostly determined that there was 20 minority groups using mineral medicine, with a total of 163 species (limited our references), and the most used is the Tibetan, accounting for 141. The most serious problems of mineral medicine are that species should be further investigated and researched, and then become the legal commercial medicine, and the classification principles of mineral medicine should be established. Through the traditional processing and experimental studies, the problems of attenuation and detoxification should be solved.
China ; ethnology ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Minerals ; analysis ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the value of macrophage activity imaging (MAI) in the diagnosis of brain and spinal cord lesions in rat model of multiple sclerosis(MS). Methods Twenty LEW rats were divided into 15 model rats and 5 control rats. MS animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced by the injection of peptide 35-55 of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ( MOG35-55 ). MRI was performed on the third day of the acute stage of disease. The brain and spinal cord of rats were scanned by 3.0 T MR scanner( Siemens Trio Tim) with quadrature wrist joint coil.The T2W and T1 W images, Gadolinium enhanced T1 W images in 3D volume were obtained respectively. The MAI were obtained at 24 hours after intravenous injection of ultra small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) as contrast medium on T2WI. The workstation with special software was used for the reconstruction images of brain and spinal cord of rat in multiple orientations. Results Fifteen MOG35-55-EAE rats model of MS were successfully induced. The great majority lesions of central nervous system in acute stage were located in the brain( 58/63 ) and less in the spinal cord (5/63). The main manifestation of EAE lesions presented was hyperintensity on T2 WI and hypointensity on T1 WI, and some lesions had enhancement after Gd-DTPA injection. The EAE lesions presented as hypointensity on MAI images, but some of them were found to be isointensity on T2 WI. The enhancement pattern was discrepant between USPIO and Gd-DTPA.The sensitivity of depicting lesions of MOG35-55-EAE rat at acute stage were higher on T2WI ( 14/15 ) and MAI ( 13/15 ), and the detection rate was 100% ( 15/15 ) if they were combined. Gd-DTPA enhanced T1 WI had a lower sensitivity (7/15). All the MAI findings were negative in the control rats. Conclusions MAI can complement the drawback of conventional MRI techniques by continuously monitoring the inflammatory activity of EAE lesions, and it could raise the detection rate of EAE lesions by combining with T2WI. Gd-DTPA enhanced T1 WI monitors the breakdown of the blood brain barrier. MAI and Gd-DTPA enhanced MR imaging are complementary in the diagnosis and monitoring of EAE lesions.

Purpose To investigate the imaging features of lumbar spinal epidural angiolipoma, and to improve the imaging diagnostic capability of the disease. Materials and Methods Four patients with lumbar spinal epidural angiolipoma confirmed by pathology were recruited in the study. CT and MRI images were reviewed and the imaging characteristics including the shape, size, location, density, and signal intensity were analyzed. Results The lesions located at the right front of the spinal canal in two cases, at the left front in one case, and the residual one case located directly behind the spinal canal. The longitudinal axis of the lesions paralleled to the longitudinal axis of the spine. The dura mater spinalis was compressed and inward shifted. All of the four cases showed homogeneous iso- or hypo-density on CT without calcification or necrosis in the lesions. The maximum diameter was 3 to 5 cm. The boundary was clear and smooth. Three lesions showed dumbbell-shaped and crossed foramen, but the adjacent bone were not absorbed or destructed. One lesion showed scallop-like. On MRI, four cases displayed slightly hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI. On STIR images, the lesions showed hyperintense with patchy low signal intensity in it. The boundary of the lesions was clear. After administration of contrast media, two lesions presented remarkably homogeneous enhancement, one lesion showed dual tail sign, and one lesion displayed pen-tip-like at the both ends. Conclusion MRI plays an important role in locating the lesion and distinguishing internal tissue components of spinal angiolipoma, which is the gold standard for the diagnosis of the tumor. CT provides excellent supplement. The Combination of CT and MRI will improve the diagnostic accuracy of the spinal angiolipoma.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma originated in the primitive mesenchymal tissue .It usually devel-ops in the short bones such as hand ,foot and body bone ,while extremeIy rare in the orbit .We report a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit which is confirmed by pathology .

Objective To explore the feasibility of using clinical whole body MR scanners to investigate the intravital visibility of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in rats of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Ten Lewis rats were injected with the peptide 35-55 of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein to make the model of MS. On a Siemens Sonata 1.5T MR scanner equipped with a flexible surface coil, rats brain and spinal cord were examined using T2-weighted and T1-weighted imaging with slice thickness of 1-2 mm. On a Siemens Trio Tim 3.0T MR-scanner equipped with a quadrature wrist coil, rats were examined using T2WI, T1WI and Gd-DTPA enhanced T1WI 3-dimensional imaging with voxel size up to 0.06-0.08 mm~3. Rat brain and spinal cord images in multiple orientations were reconstituted with special software in workstation. Results T2WI and T1WI of the lesions in MS rat brain with high spatial and contrast resolution could be obtained with clinical 3.0T MR scanner, though the image resolution of spinal cord was relatively low. The resolution of 1.5T MR was lower than that of 3.0T. Plaques in CNS of MS rats presented as hyperintense areas on T2WI and hypointense areas on T1WI. Contrast enhancement was observed as hyperintense on T1WI. Conclusion High quality images of CNS lesions canbe obtained with clinical 3.0T MR-scanner in MS rat, which offers a noninvasive access for studying CNS diseases in the rats.

Aim To compare cardioprotection effects between carvedilol and metoprolol in canine late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction.Methods Eighteen anesthetized dogs were randomly divided into three groups: late reperfusion group(LR,n=6),late reperfusion after metoprolol treatment group(LR+M,n=6),and late reperfusion after carvedilol treatment group(LR+C,n=6),respectively orally giving physiological saline,metoprolol(1 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)),and carvedilol(1 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) for seven days,and then late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction model was made by ligating the coronary for 6 h,followed by reperfusion for 6 h.SOD,GR activity and MDA content of infarction brim myocardium were detected by colorimetry,Fas/FasL were detected by immunohistochemistry,apoptosis index(AI) were detected by TUNEL.Results Compared with LR,Myocardial MDA content in LR+C was decreased,and SOD and GR activities were significantly higher,but LR+M did not change.The expression of Fas/FasL and apoptosis index were significantly lowered in LR+M and LR+C,especially in LR+C.Conclusion Carvedilol and metoprolol have cardioprotection on late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction,and carvedilol is superior to metoprolol and the pharmacological effects may due to its antioxidant effect.

AIM To investigate the inhibitory effect of extract of fu ng i of huaier (EFH) on neovascularization formed by human umbilical vein endotheli al cells (HUVECs) in vitro. METHODS Using MTT assay, flow cytomet ry and Matrigel assay, the effect of EFH on the proliferation and differentiatio n of HUVECs stimulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were evaluat ed in vitro. RESULTS EFH inhibited proliferation of HUVECs stimul ated by VEGF at the concentration of 0 1 to 10 g?L -1 . The antiproliferat itive effect occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analyses revea led that EFH treatment delayed S-phase progression. A remarkable inhibition of tube formation was observed in the presence of 1 g?L -1 EFH and complete i nhibition was obtained at 10 g? L -1 EFH. CONCLUSION EFH is able to inhibit neovascularization formed by HUVECs. Its mechanism might be rela ted to S-phase progression.