OBJECTIVE:To discuss the role of hospital pharmacists in the clinical drug trial.METHODS:The role of hospital pharmacists in publicizing and training of Good Clinical Practice(GCP),in the formulation of each standard operating instruction and in each stage of clinical drug trial was analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Hospital pharmacists played a key role in clinical drug trial.They can get to know the basic research methodology from participating in the clinical drug trial,meanwhile their consciousness on scientific research can be strengthened.

As an indispensable part of minority traditional medicine, mineral medicine has used with less dosage and reliable efficacy for the last thousand years. Based on the unearthed relics and medical literatures of past dynasties, the history of Han nationality ap- years, which had been recorded in main literature. But there is less comprehensive report of its usage in the other 55-minority nationality. This article was based on the analysis of ethnic minority literature of thousands of years, and conducted a comprehensive collation and analysis of mineral medicine. It was mostly determined that there was 20 minority groups using mineral medicine, with a total of 163 species (limited our references), and the most used is the Tibetan, accounting for 141. The most serious problems of mineral medicine are that species should be further investigated and researched, and then become the legal commercial medicine, and the classification principles of mineral medicine should be established. Through the traditional processing and experimental studies, the problems of attenuation and detoxification should be solved.
China ; ethnology ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Minerals ; analysis ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the permeability of lomefloxacin through blood-pancreatic barrier in rats.METHO-DS:Lomefloxacin(20mg/kg body weight) was injected through caudal vein.At the given time points,the samples were collected.The concentrations of lomefloxacin in the serum,pancreatic tissue and liver tissue were measured by HPLC.RESULTS:The concentration-time profiles of lomefloxacin could be described as two-compartment model in rats.The peak concentrations in serum,pancreatic tissue and liver tissue were 65.550?g/ml,48.801?g/g and 84.121?g/g at 5 min post-injection respectively.Then the concentrations decreased quickly in all of them.Concentrations in pancreatic tissue were higher than those in serum at 10 min and even at 480 min post-injection.The permeation ratio (PR) through blood-pancreatic barrier was 0.744 at 5 min and rose to 3.817 at 480min.CONCLUSION:After intravenous injection,lomefloxacin can permeate blood-pancreatic barrier satisfactory,therefore it is worthy of being recommended for prevention and treatment of pancreatic infections.

Purpose To investigate the imaging features of lumbar spinal epidural angiolipoma, and to improve the imaging diagnostic capability of the disease. Materials and Methods Four patients with lumbar spinal epidural angiolipoma confirmed by pathology were recruited in the study. CT and MRI images were reviewed and the imaging characteristics including the shape, size, location, density, and signal intensity were analyzed. Results The lesions located at the right front of the spinal canal in two cases, at the left front in one case, and the residual one case located directly behind the spinal canal. The longitudinal axis of the lesions paralleled to the longitudinal axis of the spine. The dura mater spinalis was compressed and inward shifted. All of the four cases showed homogeneous iso- or hypo-density on CT without calcification or necrosis in the lesions. The maximum diameter was 3 to 5 cm. The boundary was clear and smooth. Three lesions showed dumbbell-shaped and crossed foramen, but the adjacent bone were not absorbed or destructed. One lesion showed scallop-like. On MRI, four cases displayed slightly hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI. On STIR images, the lesions showed hyperintense with patchy low signal intensity in it. The boundary of the lesions was clear. After administration of contrast media, two lesions presented remarkably homogeneous enhancement, one lesion showed dual tail sign, and one lesion displayed pen-tip-like at the both ends. Conclusion MRI plays an important role in locating the lesion and distinguishing internal tissue components of spinal angiolipoma, which is the gold standard for the diagnosis of the tumor. CT provides excellent supplement. The Combination of CT and MRI will improve the diagnostic accuracy of the spinal angiolipoma.

An α-amylase inhibitor (α-AI) was isolated from white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) by ethanol fractional precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration column chromatography. It was a homogeneity glycoprotein demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on CL-6B. The glycoprotein contained 88.2% protein and was rich in aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, threonine and serine. The carbohydrate moiety was consisted of Man, Glc, Gal and Xyl in a mole ratio of 2.42∶1.50∶1.52∶1.00. The glycan and the core protein backbone was connected by O-linkage as determined by β-elimination reaction. The continuous oral administration of the α-AI (150 mg·kg-1·d-1 ) for 7 days can lower fasting blood glucose and 300 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 α-AI for 7 days can improve the sugar tolerance on alloxan-dependent diabetic model rats. The result showed the α-AI obtained from white kidney beans had good hypoglycemic effect on alloxan induced diabetic rats and may have high potential pharmaceutical value as a regulative digestive-starch degradation in patients suffering from diabetes.

Objective To preliminarily explore the delineation of clinical target volume in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for para-aortic lymph node metastases in patients with gynecological malignancies.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 56 gynecological tumor patients with para-aortic lymph node metastases who were admitted to our department from January 2010 to September 2016.The number and distribution of metastatic para-aortic lymph nodes were determined by imaging method.Results A total of 108 positive para-aortic lymph nodes were found in the 56 patients,with 1-4(mean,2) positive para-aortic lymph nodes per patient.The mean diameter of positive para-aortic lymph nodes was 2.3 cm (1.2-4.0 cm).A total of 20 metastatic lymph nodes (19%) were located at the L4 level,38(35%) at the L3 level,44(41%) at the L2 level,and 6(5%) at the L1 level.There were 71 metastatic lymph nodes (66%) at the left side of the para-aortic region,20 metastatic lymph nodes (19%) between the abdominal aorta and the vena cava,and 17 metastatic lymph nodes (15%) at the right side of the inferior vena cava.Conclusions For patients with gynecological malignancies,nodal contouring for the para-aortic region should not be defined by a fixed circumferential margin around the vessels.The left side of the para-aortic region should be covered adequately;the upper target should be extended up to the renal artery,and needs to be further extended for patients who have nodal involvement near the renal arteries and veins.

Aim To compare cardioprotection effects between carvedilol and metoprolol in canine late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction.Methods Eighteen anesthetized dogs were randomly divided into three groups: late reperfusion group(LR,n=6),late reperfusion after metoprolol treatment group(LR+M,n=6),and late reperfusion after carvedilol treatment group(LR+C,n=6),respectively orally giving physiological saline,metoprolol(1 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)),and carvedilol(1 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) for seven days,and then late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction model was made by ligating the coronary for 6 h,followed by reperfusion for 6 h.SOD,GR activity and MDA content of infarction brim myocardium were detected by colorimetry,Fas/FasL were detected by immunohistochemistry,apoptosis index(AI) were detected by TUNEL.Results Compared with LR,Myocardial MDA content in LR+C was decreased,and SOD and GR activities were significantly higher,but LR+M did not change.The expression of Fas/FasL and apoptosis index were significantly lowered in LR+M and LR+C,especially in LR+C.Conclusion Carvedilol and metoprolol have cardioprotection on late reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction,and carvedilol is superior to metoprolol and the pharmacological effects may due to its antioxidant effect.

BACKGROUND: Currently, acid etching and bonding technology have been widely used in clinical stomatology. Data have indicated that the main content of inorganic elements (calcium and phosphorus) has a certain difference between the dental enamel and dentin of the young and adult permanent teeth. OBJECTIVE:To measure the content of main inorganic elements, calcium and phosphorus, in the dental enamel and dentin from young and adult permanent teeth with spectrophotometry and ethylene diamine tetraacetie acid titration method. METHODS:Each 20 adult and young permanent teethin vitrowere selected. Plaster stone and water was mixed; when it was nearly dried, the teeth were verticaly cast in the mixture and the tooth surface was exposed. The models were cut into the slices using syj-200 precision cutting machine, and then the slices were put into nitric acid and dissolved through heater to prepare standard solution. At last, the concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in the hard tissue of both young and adult permanent teeth were measured with spectrophotometric method and titration method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The content of calcium and phosphorus and calcium/phosphorus ratio in the hard tissue of young permanent teeth were less than those of adult permanent teeth (P < 0.05), reflecting that the organic matter content was more than that in adult permanent teeth, but their mineralized degree was inferior to that of adult permanent teeth (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the young permanent teeth are more acid proof than the adult permanent teeth; therefore, the acid etching time can be properly prolonged for young permanent teeth in clinical treatment, in order to achieve better effects.

Objective To explore the feasibility of using clinical whole body MR scanners to investigate the intravital visibility of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in rats of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Ten Lewis rats were injected with the peptide 35-55 of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein to make the model of MS. On a Siemens Sonata 1.5T MR scanner equipped with a flexible surface coil, rats brain and spinal cord were examined using T2-weighted and T1-weighted imaging with slice thickness of 1-2 mm. On a Siemens Trio Tim 3.0T MR-scanner equipped with a quadrature wrist coil, rats were examined using T2WI, T1WI and Gd-DTPA enhanced T1WI 3-dimensional imaging with voxel size up to 0.06-0.08 mm~3. Rat brain and spinal cord images in multiple orientations were reconstituted with special software in workstation. Results T2WI and T1WI of the lesions in MS rat brain with high spatial and contrast resolution could be obtained with clinical 3.0T MR scanner, though the image resolution of spinal cord was relatively low. The resolution of 1.5T MR was lower than that of 3.0T. Plaques in CNS of MS rats presented as hyperintense areas on T2WI and hypointense areas on T1WI. Contrast enhancement was observed as hyperintense on T1WI. Conclusion High quality images of CNS lesions canbe obtained with clinical 3.0T MR-scanner in MS rat, which offers a noninvasive access for studying CNS diseases in the rats.