Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of heat-sensitive moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis ( KOA) by systematic evaluation and Meta analysis methods. Methods Electronic information retrieval combined manual retrieval methods were used for collecting clinical randomized control trial of heat-sensitive moxibustion for KOA. The systematic evaluation was conducted by two individual researcher following the principles of Cochrane Review Handbook 5.1, and RevMan5.0 software was applied for the statistical analysis. Results Fifteen randomized controlled trials (RCT) were enrolled into the analysis, which involved 1228 cases. The results of systematic evaluation showed that the quality of most of the enrolled RCT were not so high. The results of Meta analysis were as follows: ( 1) Between heat-sensitive moxibustion and traditional moxibustion, the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95%confidence index (CI) were-1.76, [-2.33, -1.18] for visual analog scale ( VAS) scores ( P<0.001) , were -2.36, [-3.42, -1.30] for the scores of guiding principle of clinical research on new drugs ( GPCRND) for KOA ( GPCRND-KOA) ( P<0.001) , and were 13.61, [7.60, -19.61]for Lysholm knee joint function scores (P<0.001), respectively; (2) Between heat-sensitive moxibustion and acupuncture, WMD and 95%CI were 6.19, [ 0.01, 11.37] for Lysholm scores ( P<0.05);(3) Between heat-sensitive moxibustion and warm-needling acupuncture, WMD and 95%CI were -10.14, [-17.47, -2.81] for the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities ( WOMAC) osteoarthritis index scores ( P<0.05). Conclusion It is indicated that heat-sensitive moxibustion shows certain therapeutic effect for knee osteoarthritis, better than traditional moxibustion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; therapy ; Volatilization

DNA ; chemistry ; Genes ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Humans ; Pathology ; trends

The article summarized the practice teaching experience of traumatology: strengthening the learning education of medical ethics and the knowledge of psychology,understanding the specificity and complexity in traumatology,following the rule of evidence-based medicine and establishing clinic thoughts,strengthening the training of basic skill,basic knowledge and basic theory and helping the interns transit to clinical clerkship.

Polycystic kidney disease is a common human congenital hereditary disease, which can be divided into autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease by genetic methods. In addition to the kidney changes, polycystic kidney disease may also involve multiple body organs and seriously endanger human health. In recent years, studies on etiology and pathogenesis ( especially molecular biology), diagnosis and treatment of polycystic kidney disease have progressed by leaps and bounds. This paper briefly summaries the research status and development of the most common autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Objective: The morbility of male breast cancer is lower than female breast cancer.The treatment effectiveness of male breast cancer is worse than female breast cancer.There were fewer studies on male breast cancer.The aim of the paper was to study the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment and the prognostic factors of male breast cancer.Methods: To analyze the clinical data of 2 cases of male breast cancer and 409 cases collected from past articles retrospectively.Results: All cases received surgery treatment.After operation,all cases were treated by adjuvant treatment including radiotherapy or/and chemotherapy or/and endocrine treatment.The major pathological type was infiltrative non-specific cancer.Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor are positive in most cases.Cases in stage Ⅰ were fewer,more cases were in stageⅡor stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ.Prognosis are more better in stage Ⅰ patients than in stageⅡ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ patients.Conclusion: Male breast cancer has the following clinical characteristics: lower incidence,older age,longer course,higher malignancy and poor prognosis.The operation combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy and endocrine treatment was a better method to treat male breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE To find out the usage of the antibiotics in an infectious disease hospital and provide improvement method as well as instructional foundation for applying the antibiotics in a reasonable way. METHODS The antibiotic usage in 5507 cases recorded in medical histories during the period of the whole hospitalization from Jan to Dec 2007 was investigate. RESULTS The drug utilization rate was 20.81% in the hepatopathy department,67.65% in the general infection department,68.06% in the department of obstetrics gynecology(OG) and 53.10% in the the surgery department.The usage in OG and general infection departments was obviously higher than in the hepatopathy one. CONCLUSIONS The usage of the antibiotics is still not very reasonable,and more attention should be paid to normolizing it.

Objective:To explore the clinical diagnosis,therapy and pathologic characteristics of primary bilateral breast cancer in order to improve the survival of breast cancer patients.Methods:Eleven cases of primary bilateral breast cancer patients were retrospective analysised.Results:Among the 11 cases of primary bilateral breast cancer patients,2 cases were dead for multi organ metastasis;9 cases survived.Among which one has been alive for 6 years after operation.Conclusion:The early diagnosis and treatment of the second primary cancer remain the key factor to improve the outcome of the bilateral breast cancer patients.

Objective To explore the influence of organizational climate and job burnout on turnover tendency among contract nurses, and establish a model of this influence. Methods Totally 450 nurses were selected and investigated with Organizational Climate Questionnaire(OCQ), Maslach job burnout inventory(MBI) and Turnover Intention Scale(TIS). Results The total score of OCQ was 2.71 ± 0.58, the emotional exhaustion was 25.99 ± 13.89, the depersonalization was 10.21 ± 5.37,the personal accomplishment was 21.92 ± 9.27, and the score of TIS was 2.66 ± 0.94. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were significantly and negatively correlated to OCQ(r=-0.26,-0.22 ,P<0.01),and positively correlated to TIS(r=0.27,0.25,P<0.01). The personal accomplishment was positively correlated to OCQ(r=0.26,P<0.01), and negatively correlated to TIS(r=- 0.26,P<0.01).OCQ was negatively correlated to TIS(r=-0.37,P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that OCQ and personal accomplishment could negatively predict nurses′ turnover tendency(β=-0.43,-0.14,P<0.01), and emotional exhaustion could negatively predict nurses′ turnover tendency(β=-0.10,P<0.01). The path analysis showed organizational climate negatively influenced nurses′ turnover tendency via job burnout, and the value of mediating effect was 23.8%(-0.10/-0.42). Conclusions Turnover tendency is significantly correlated with organizational climate and job burnout among contract nurses. The relationship between organizational climate and nurses′ turnover tendency among contract nurses is mediated in part by job burnout.

BACKGROUND:In some clinical applications or special work conditions,extremely intonse 50 Hz AC intefference exists.As the amplifier's output reaches or is close to saturation,it cannot be suppressed by general anti-interference circuits or software algorithms.Themfore,the hardware circuit must be impreved to suppress this interference,thus obtajning the desired signals.OBJECTIVE:To introduce a biopotential amplifier,which can effectively suppress the impact of 50 Hz AC interference on the weak biomedical signals.DESIGN:Create a circuit model based on the advanced theoretical analysis,then make software emulation and finally design the actual circuit implementation.SETTINGS:the 305 Hospital of Chinese PLA:Institute of Aviation Medicine,Air Force of CIIinese PLA.MATERIALS:The experimentaIinstruments and analytical software were provided by the Institute of Aviation Medicine,Air Force of Chinese PLA:the high-voltage electrical field environment was provided by the 305 Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS:The first step was theoretical analysis at the Institute of Aviation Medicine,Air Force of Chinese PLA in 2005,then the 50 Hz anti-reference model was created.After that,the following three anti-reference measures were put forward:①Enhancing the common-mode input impedance of the overall circuit to remove the interference caused by the imbalance electrode impedance;②reducing the equivalent common mode input impedance of the instrument amplifier in the circuit by using a current source controlled by the comlnou mode voltage;③using the driven-right-leg circuit to reduce the common mode voltage.Moreover,emulation analysis was made for the above circuit model by using the circuit emulation software TINA PRO.Through ceaseless improvement of the circuit model,the correct emulation results were obtained.In 2006,the Circuit model helped us realize the electrocardiogram(ECG)amplifier that could suppress the 50 Hz AC intefference effectively in intense interference environments.And that amplifier was put into practical use in the high-voltage electrical field environment produced by the high-voltage electrical field treatment equipment in the 305 Hospital of PLA.The result was satisfying:the 50 Hz AC interference was suppressed effectively and the high-quality ECG signals were obtained.MlAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Common-Mode Rejection Ratio(CMRR)and the frequency spectrum of signals obtained in intense intefference environment,which are used to assess the ability against the 50 Hz AC interference.RESULTS:A 100 ù resistor or a 200 kù resistor were connected in series in the input loop so as to produce the imbalance electrode impedance status.When the imbalalice electrode impedance was 100 ù,the amplifier output was 1.69 Mv,and CMRR was 125.8 Db.When the imbalance electrode impedance was 200 k ù,the amplifier output was 1.78 Mv,and CMRR was 125.3 Db.Two voltage sources(20 Hz,amplitude of peak to peak value 50 ì V,opposite phases)were used to produce differential mode signals.The amplification gain was 1000 times.In the input loop of the circtilt mentioned above,a 200 kù resistor was connected in series to create the inabalance electrode impedance status.The amplifter output the peak-to-peak value 50 Mv.The fast Fourier transform(FFT)frequency spectrum of the output wave contained no 50 Hz spectrum line.CONCLUSION:Through the emulation experiment and the real application.we can all find that the amplifier has good signal amplification performance and anti-interference capabillty in intensive 50 Hz AC interference environments and severe imbalance electrode impedance Status.