Objective Understand shunde Uistrict Foshan City,Guangdong Province in the incidence of breast cancer in women.Methods The joint selectivity ductoscopy examination of the clinical breast examination screening,breast X-ray radiography examination from March 2011 to January 2013,Shunde District,FoShan City,Guangdong Provice,3 600 bladder than 40 years old woman with breast cancer screening.Results Three thousand six hundred women were found in 10 cases of breast cancer,the detection rate of 278/100 000 (10/3 600).Breast clinical examination found 1 313 cases of breast abnormalities,142 cases of breast lumps,nipple discharge line fiberoptic ductoscopy to cheek the 100 cases,X-ray radiography examination of four and more than 72 cases,accounted for a total of 45.19％ of the screening population (1 627/3 600).Conclusions Joint ductoscopy X-ray radiography examination of breast cancer screening in the normal population can help to detect early breast cancer,and to provide the basis for early clinical treatment.

Objective To compare the effects of ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL), minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( MPCNL) , retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy ( RLU) and open ureterolithotomy (UL) for the treatment of complex upper ureteral calculi. Methods The data of 281 patients with complex upper ureteral calculi from January 2005 to January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. 48 patients of them received treatment of URL, 113 patients received MPCNL, 67 patients received RLU and other 53 patients received UL. Results Success rates of treatment at the first time were:URL 62.5% (30/48), MPCNL 92.9%(105/113),RLU 100%(67/67) and UL 100%(53/53) . The mean blood losses during the operation were:URL (9.2 ± 1.4) mL,MPCNL (72.5 ± 5.8) mL,RLU (43.1 ± 8.5) mL and UL (100.5 ± 9.2) mL. The average operation time of URL group was shorter than three other groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05) . The average hospital stay of URL group was also shorter than three other groups ( < 0.05) . The difference was not statistically significant in complications among four groups after operation ( >0.05) . Conclusion Clinical characteristics of patients and individual require ment should be considered comprehensively before an individual treatment choice is made for the treatment of complex upper ureteral calculi.

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of onychin on the endothelial cells injured by oxidative stress. METHODS: The injured model was established by endothelial cells treated with menadione. The growth inhibitory rate of endothelial cell was determined by MTT assay; NO - 2/NO - 3 concentration in the medium was determined by nitrate reductase assay; eNOS and caveolin-1 protein levels were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Onychin significantly decreased the growth inhibitory rate of endothelial cells injured by menadione, increased NO - 2/NO - 3 concentration in the medium and eNOS activity and up-regulated caveolin-1 expression. CONCLUSION: Onychin possesses a protective effect against endothelial cell injury induced by menadione via caveolin-1/eNOS pathway.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH).Methods The clinical data of 15 FNH patients proved by pathological examination were retrospectively analyzedResults Most cases of FNH were asymptomatic,and some had nonspecific symptom such as dull pain of upper abdomen.Most cases of FNH showed nodular lesion on liver imaging with isodensity or hypodensity on pre-contrast CT scan and strong enhancement during arterial phase.of the 15 FNH patients,5 eases were diagnosed by needle biopsy pathology,10 cases were diagnosed by postoperative pathology.And 10 cases underwent surgical resection(7 cages with irregular hepatectomy,1 case with resection of segment 7,2 cases with left lateral lobeetomy),2 cases underwent percutaneous transhepafic chemical ablation,3 cases underwent clinical observation.All cases were followed up,and no recurence or malignancy were found.Conclusion FNH is a kind of benign tumor of liver without specific clinical manifestation.Accurate diagnosis needs pathological examination.Surgical treatment is recommended in most cages.Close follow-up is recommended in cases without operation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Ebselen on the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat lungs from non-heart-beating donors (NHBD).Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were paired randomly divided into two groups:group Ⅰ,NHBD with 30 min of warm ischemia time (WIT); group Ⅱ,NHBD with 30 min of WIT and administration of Ebselen.The donor lungs remained ventilated at the room temperature for 30 min after asystolia and then flushed with LPD solution.The recipient rats underwent left lung transplantation.The recipients of group Ⅱ were administered with Ebselen (500 mg/kg body weight) one h before transplantation.Results All the recipients survived during the observation period.In the group Ⅱ,the MDA of the pulmonary tissue was 0.631 ± 0.23 nrmol/mg protein,and the polymorphonuclear neutrophils and the total protein of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were (78.4 ± 35.2) × 107/L and (0.41 ± 0.12) mg/ml respectively.The MPO was (25.09 ± 1.19) ％ and W/D was 0.359 ± 0.017.There was significant difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅰ (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The administration of ebselen is an effective treatment to attenuate the acute injury resulted from the ischermia-reperfusion in the rat lungs from non-heart-beating donors.

Objective To investigate the effect of selectively upward placement of acetabular implants on limb length and post?operative function of developmental dysplasia of the hip patients with shortened legs during total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods Twenty?six cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip received THA between January 2008 and December 2013, in?cluding 12 cases of Crowe typeⅠ, 8 of Crowe typeⅡ, 6 of Crowe typeⅢ. There were 5 males and 21 females with an average age of 62.7 years (range, 36-80 years). The left hip was involved in 9 cases and the right hip in 17 cases. The preoperative mean Har?ris score was 42.30±12.84, and the preoperative mean WOMAC score was 59.08±13.84 at the last follow?up. The anteroposterior X?ray films and CT scan of the pelvis, anteroposterior and lateral X?ray films of the femur, and TraumaCad analysis were conducted routinely preoperation. More than 70%of the bone?implant interface was covered by appropriate upward distance of acetabular im?plant. Results The follow?up time ranged from 6 to 73 months (mean, 36 months). The Harris score improved to 91.18±7.09, and WOMAC score reduced to 9.85±3.75. According to postoperative measurement, affected limb had been lengthened by 0-5 mm in 8 cases, 6-10 mm in 5 cases, 11-15 mm in 5 cases,>15 mm in 7 cases, and shortening increased 1 mm in 1 case, but the average lengthening was 9.23±7.54 mm. The upward distance of acetabular implant was 0-5 mm in 10 cases, 6-10 mm in 7 cases and>10 mm in 9 cases. The average lengthening was 6.60±6.72 mm in patients having 0-5 mm upward distance, 11.90±5.64 mm in patients having 6-10 mm upward distance and 10.11 ± 9.35 mm in patients having>15 mm upward distance, showing no significant differ?ence. The leg length discrepancy was-3.70±6.43 mm in patients having 0-5 mm upward distance, 1.71±6.24 mm in patients having 6-10 mm upward distance and 0.56 ± 7.70 mm in patients having>15 mm upward distance, showing no significant difference. Con?clusion The limb length could be improved by selectively upward placement of acetabular implants in developmental dysplasia of the hip patients with anatomically abnormal acetabulum during THA, with reasonable preoperative design and corrective operation.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of combination of Tongxiening granule and Mesalazine on treating mild and moderate ulcerative colitis(UC) .Methods Totally 380 patients with mild‐to‐moderate UC diagnosed through endoscopy were allocated to the control group (n=190) and observation group(n=190) .For the observation group ,patients were remedied with the combination of Tongxiening Granules and the Mesalazine by oral administration for eight weeks ,meanwhile the control group only received the Mesalazine for eight weeks .The total effective rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed ,and the levels of ser‐um MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 before and after treatment in the two groups were measured .The expression of S100A12 and RAGE were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method .Results The total effective rate of the observation group and the control group was 94 .74% and 89 .47% respectively ,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in the two groups were decreased ,additionally the expression levels in the observation group was lower than those in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of RAGE and S100A12 in the observation group were decreased ,and there was a significant difference when compared with the control group(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Combined application of Tongxiening Granules and Mesalazine in treating patients with mild‐to‐mod‐erate UC could better improve clinical symptoms and bring better therapeutic effect than single use of Mesalazine .

The structure and properties about encoding protein of lactate dehydrogenase A from Taenia solium(Ts LDH-A)were analyzed and predicted by bioinformatics in this study.The immunological characteristics of this novel gene were also analyzed by cloning and expressing.The full-length cDNA encoding Ts LDH-A was identified from the cDNA plasmid library by blastx and rpsblast programs provided by NCBI.The physico-chemical properties and structures of Ts LDH-A were analyzed by tools provided by ExPASy.And the B cell epitopes of Ts LDH-A were predicted by the B Cell Epitope Prediction Tools provided by IEDB Analysis Resource.The PCR amplified coding region of Ts LDH-A was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+) and expressed in E.coli BL21 with IPTG induction.The immunogenicity of the purified recombinant protein was analyzed by Western Blotting.It was demonstrated that the amino acid sequence of Ts LDH-A had identity with that of LDH-A from other specie and there was a conserved LDH domain in the deduced amino acid sequence.The full-length cDNA sequence encoding Ts LDH-A included a complete open reading frame(ORF)of 1332 bp and coded to a putative protein with 331 amino acids.The molecular weight of Ts LDH-A was predicted to be 35461.1 Da and the coding protein was demonstrated to contain 3 trans-membrane regions and 4 main B cell epitopes.The active site of L-lactate dehydrogenase located at the epitope aa190-199.The 3 key residues in the catalytic site of enzyme were conserved in different species and located near to each other in spatial position.PCR,double enzyme restriction and DNA sequencing were used to identify pET28a (+)-Ts LDH-A.The recombinant protein could react with the rat's sera as well as the sera from the patients and the swine infected Taenia solium.It is clear that the full-length cDNA sequence encoding Ts LDH-A can be screened from the cDNA library of adult Taenia solium by bioinformatics analysis and can be used to investigate the structure and properties about gene and encoding protein of Ts LDH-A as well as the immunological activities of gene expression in the prokaryotic system.

Objective To investigate the surgical techniques and clinical efficacy of cannulated screws combined with transposition of cuboid periosteal flap pedicled with fascia and lateral tarsal artery in the treatment of talus neck fractures.Methods From March 2008 to June 2011,12 cases with talus neck fractures were treated with cannulated screws combined with transposition of cuboid periosteal flap pedicled with fascia and lateral tarsal artery.External fixation in functional position for 12-14 weeks,and the load time was determined by X-ray fracture healing.Functional results were assessed according to AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) score at last follow-up.Results Twelve cases were followed up for an average of 24 months (12 to 48 months).One case of skin flap necrosis healed by dressing.All the fractures healed,and the mean healing time was 20 weeks (16 to 24 weeks).AOFAS ankle and hindfoot mean postoperative score was 82.5 (ranging from 55 to 96) points.Among them 4 cases were excellent,good in 5 cases,fair in 3 cases.Two cases presented with mild posttraumatic subtalar arthritis and pain relief after oral anti-inflammatory analgesic.One case with avascular necrosis of talus body,and X-ray displayed sclerosis of talus body,but no collapse,and the patient was told to reduce weight and regularly followed up.Conclusion The application of cannulated screws combined with transposition of cuboid periosteal flap pedicled with fascia and lateral tarsal artery for the treatment of talus neck fractures is an effective treatment,which can improves the blood supply of the talus body and reduces the occurrence of avascular necrosis of the talus.

Objective To develop a convenient reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR)method for identifying genotypes of human metapneumovirus(hMPV)from clinical samples.Methods According to the gene sequences of hMPV G with different genotypes,the A and B genotype specific primers were designed.A diplex RT-PCR was applied to identify different genotypes according to the molecular weight of PCR products in agarose gel.37 clinical samples were detected through this method.Results It was convenient to distinguish different genotypes of hMPV(383 bp for A and 284 bp for B)by the diplex RTPCR,and there was no non-specific amplification for common respiratory viruses.so it meant that the specificity of primers was good.The results of genotyping 37 clinical samples showed that 20 samples were identified as genotype A by both sequence analysis of M gene and diplex RT-PCR,whereas 17 samples were identified as genotype B by sequence analysis of M gene.but in these 17 samples 14 samples were identified as genotype B by the diplex RT-PCR and remaining 3 samples could not be genotyped because there was no PCR product after amplification.The consistency rate for these two methods Was 91.9%[(20+14)/37].Conclusion The method of diplex RT-PCR Was developed successfully and can be used for identify genotypes of hMPV.