With advances in complex network theory, the thinking and methods regarding complex systems have changed revolutionarily. Network biology and network pharmacology were built by applying network-based approaches in biomedical research. The cardiovascular system may be regarded as a complex network, and cardiovascular diseases may be taken as the damage of structure and function of the cardiovascular network. Although Chinese medicine (CM) is effective in treating cardiovascular diseases, its mechanisms are still unclear. With the guidance of complex network theory, network biology and network pharmacology, network-based approaches could be used in the study of CM in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. A new discipline-network cardiovasology of CM was, therefore, developed. In this paper, complex network theory, network biology and network pharmacology were introduced and the connotation of "disease-syndrome-formula-herb" was illustrated from the network angle. Network biology could be used to analyze cardiovascular diseases and syndromes and network pharmacology could be used to analyze CM formulas and herbs. The "network-network"-based approaches could provide a new view for elucidating the mechanisms of CM treatment.

Background Diabetiretinopathy(DR) icommon ophthalmivasculadisease which can lead to blindness,and itpathogenesiicomplex.C-peptide iby-producin insulin synthesis,and loof studieindicate thaC-peptide iclosely related with diabetimicrovasculacomplications.Objective Thistudy wato explore the clinical significance of the detection of C-peptide to assesthe prognosiof non-proliferative DR(NPDR).Methodretrospective case-observational study wadesigned.The clinical datof 205 casewith NPDwere collected in Wuhan Puren Hospital from January 1,2009 to January 1,2010.The patientwere diagnosed by fundufluorescein angiography (FFA) and the stageof theidiseasewere determined based on the Dstaging developed by the Chinese Ophthalmological Society fundustudy group.Twenty-seven-month follow-up waperformed fothe patientto record the parameterof theiblood biochemistry,changein theiphysical conditions,and changein theiblood pressure and DM.The patientwere assigned to the PDgroup and NPDgroup athe end of the follow-up.The independenrisk factofoNPDwaanalyzed using the univariate analysis,and multivariate logistiregression analysiwaused to evaluate the correlation of varioufactorwith pooprognosiof NPDR.Receiveoperating characteristi(ROC) curve wadrawn to assesthe prediction efficiency of C-peptide fothe prognosiof NPDR.ResultThe clinical datof 205 patientwith NPDwere reviewed,and 15 patientfailed to show up fovisitarate of 7.3％.One hundred and ninety patientwith NPDfinished follow-up with mean age of (41.54± 8.15)years.Of the 190 patients,69 patient(36.3％) advanced to PDR,and 121 patient(63.7％) were NPDduring the follow-up.Significandifferencewere seen in age,hypertension history,smoking history,DM course and C-peptide levelbetween the PDgroup and PDgroup (age:=13.78,P＜0.05 ; hypertension history:x2 =21.57,P＜0.05 ;smocking history:x2 =26.96,P＜0.05;DM course:t=6.89,P＜0.05;C-peptide:t=20.50,P＜0.05).pooprognosiwacorrelated with age (OR:1.04,95％ CI:1.01-1.07),hypertension history (OR:1.05,95％ CI:1.02-1.08),smokinghistory (OR:1.07,95％CI:1.04-1.11),DM course (0R:1.18,95％CI:1.13-1.25) oC-peptide conten(0R:1.09,95％ CI:1.06-1.12).The areundethe ROcurve wa0.835 (P＜0.05,95％ CI:0.818-0.843) when the C-peptide waincluded,buwalarge than 0.769 (P ＜ 0.05,95％ CI:0.754-0.780) when Cpeptide waexcluded.ConclusionThe levelof blood C-peptide are lowein the PDpatientthan those in the NPDpatients,and the lowelevel of blood C-peptide in the NPDpopulation increasetheirisk of developing PDR.Testing foblood C-peptide level can benefithe prognosiof NPDR.

Purpose:To investigate the pathogenesis,diagnos is and treatment of hashimoto's disease(HD) complicated with papillary thyroid c ancer (PTC ). Methods:Clinical data of 12 cases of HD complicated with PTC un dergoing surgery were analysed retrospectively and followed-up for one half to 8 years. Results:In this series papillary thyroid cancer occurred in 25 % (12/48) in patients with HD, but correct preoperative diagnosis was obtained i n 3 (25%) of 12 cases.All patients had thyroid nodules and received thyroidectom y,3 cases underwent functional cervical clearance of lymph nodes. All patients w ere followed up for 6 months to 8 years and there was no death , no recurrence and no metastasis. Conclusions:HD can develop into PTC .The clinical diagnosis of coexistence of HD and PTC is still difficult. The key to diagnosis and rational treatment includes detailed understanding its clinical features, routine examin ation of serum antibodies and ultrasonography, selected scintigraphic thyroid s can or FNAB and finally quick frozen pathologic section in operation. HD complic ated with PTC should be treated surgically.Intraoperative frozen section diagnos is should be performed routinely so that HD complicated with PTC can be diagnose d.The operation procedure should be individualized.All patients should be given small dosage of thyroxine.

[Objective]To study the effect of semi-constrained total elbow arthroplasty in rheumatoid elbow arthritis.[Method]Eighteen semi-constrained total elbow replacements were performed on 22 rheumatoid patients with 28 elbows(Morrey Stage:6 of Ⅲ Stage,17 of Ⅳ Stage,5 of Ⅴ Stage).The elbows were reviewed retrospectively after a followup of mean 26 months(range12~44 months).Mayo Elbow Performance was used to evalue the function of preoperative and postoperative elbow.The curative effect and complications were observed.The statistically significant differences were analyzed.[Result]Elbow arthroplasty was successful in 22 rheumatoid patients with 28 elbows.After 6 weeks function exercise the Mayo Elbow Performance was improved from(31.6?29.2)to(82.1?24.3)with a statistically significant difference(P

Objective To study the method and clinical results of Infrared Fluoroscopic Navigation Guiding system guided percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods Twenty-two cases with 32 osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty guided by Infrared Fluoroscopic Navigation Guiding system.The fracture segment was within T6-L 4(14 thoracical vertebrae,18 lumbarver vertebrae).The compression ratio was from 20% to 90% in which 5 vertebral bodies were 75%.12 vertebral bodies underwent PVP,and 20 vertebral bodies underwent PKP in which balloon expansion were used in 12 vertebral bodies and sky expansion were used in 8 vertebral bodies.Single vertebral body injection were in 14 cases,two vertebral body injection were in 6 cases,three vertebral body injection were in 2 cases including 18 vertebral bodies injection via unilateral pedicle of vertebral arch and 14 vertebral bodies injection via bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch.Restoration of vertebra height and cement leakage was observed by postoperative X-ray and CT scan.Changes of preoperative and postoperative vertebral body volume measured by CT volumetry was compared.Preoperative and postoperative Vasual analogue scale(VAS)score was compared.Results PVP was successful in 22 cases with 32 vertebral bodies.No nerve and spinal cord damage,lung embolism and heart and brain vessel acute reaction occurred.Operative time was(18.4?4.5)mins per vertebral body.X-ray dosage was(12.2?3.4)dGy per vertebrae.The amount of bone cement was(4.4?2.5)ml per vertebrae.The vertebral body volume was improved from preoperative(22.2?8.6)cm3 to postoperative(24.8?6.9)cm3 with a significant differences(P

Objective To investigate the current status analysis the risk factors of medical adhesive related skin injury(MARSI) in neonates in NICU, in order to provide guidance in prevention and nursing of the skin injury. Methods Convenience sampling five NICU in Shenyang, prospective investigate the incidence of MARSI of neonates during the NICU stay, and analysis the incidence , injury type distribution and risk factors. Results The incidence of MARSI in neonates in NICU was 12.8%(53/413);the major injury type of MARSI was epidermal stripping(47.2%,25/53)and skin tear(35.8%,19/53) in mechanical injury;Logistic analysis showed that the independent risk factors of MARSI were the use of stomach tube, dehydrate skin and blue light therapy (χ2=5.953, 9.806 and 7.568, P<0.05). Conclusions MARSI is frequency interrupted in neonates during the NICU stay, correct selection of medical adhesive products, application of suitable paste and remove skills are helpful to reduce the incidence of MARSI in neonates during the NICU stay.

Objective To analyse the association of apolipoprotein E genotype with cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction in the old population of Urumqi. Methods The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique were used to detect the distribution of genotype and gene frequency of ApoE alleles in 56 cases of cerebral infarction(CI), 60 cases of myocardial infarction (MI) and 104 healthy subjects as control. Results The frequency of ApoE ?3/?4 and ?4/?4 genotypes in CI and MI groups was higher than that in control group(P

Administration, Oral ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hematuria ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sulfonamides ; adverse effects

Paeoniflorin is the main effective component of Paeoniae lactiflora and Paeonia suffruticosa. A large number of studies have proven that paeoniflorin has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-depression, anti-inflammation, analgesia, anti-tumor, liver protection, nerve protection, sedation and hypnosis, immunomodulation and so on. It has little toxic and side effects and has been highly concerned by people. At present, paeoniflorin is rarely used in clinical practice in the form of monomers. This article mainly refers to the related research literatures on paeoniflorin pharmacological action in recent three years, combs and summarizes the new progress of its pharmacological action research. The relationship between the drug effect and the prescription of traditional Chinese medicine was discussed, in order to provide a reference for further development and clinical application of paeoniflorin.

Evaluating lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer preoperatively can help surgeons to choose the optimal extent of surgical lymph node resection. The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography for lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer is about 70% , which is less accurate than endoscopic ultrasonography,and more accurate than magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography. Many molecular markers can predict the lymph node metastasis. The prognostic role of gene expression profiles is better than that of a marker. Sentinel lymph node and mathematical methods (Maruyama software, artificial neural network) may be useful in predicting the lymph node metastasis. Laparoscopy and quantum dots technique are potential methods in predicting lymph node metastasis.