Objective:To investigate the effect of inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ASODN) on human bladder carcinoma in nude mice mediated by ultrasound microbubble. Methods:The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups when transplantation tumor was established: For UM+ASODN group, mixture of microbubble and VEGF-ASODN was inject into every mice from caudal vein plus ultrasound tumor local irradiation. For UM group, microbubble was inject into very mice from caudal vein plus local irradiation with the same condition. For control group, physiological saline was inject into every mice from caudal vein.The treatment was performed every 3 days with total 5 times.The volume change of mouse subcutane tumors was observed.Evaluate the expression of VEGF and CD34 and Ki67 with immunohistochemistry dyeing and calculate the microvessel density (MVD) and cell proliferation index;TUNEL assay was used to analyse the apoptosis of tumor cells. Results:The growth speed of nude mice tumor in UM+ASODN group was obviously slower than control group; The expression of VEGF and The MVD in UM+ ASODN group was lower than control group(P

Objective:To study the inhibiting effect of VEGF antisense oligonucleotides carried by liposome on the growth of human bladder carcinoma in nude mice. Methods:The nude mice model of human bladder carcinoma was established and VEGF antisense oligonucleotides were carried by liposome to be transfected.The cell proliferation index,microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of VEGF were detected with immunohistochmistry streptavidin-biotin peroxidase(SP) method and the cell apoptosis index was determined with Tunnel technology. Results:The growth inhibitory rate in antisense experimental group and sense experimental group were 71.08% and 7.19% respectively. The differences in the cell proliferation index,apoptosis index,microvessel density(MVD) and the expression of VEGF between the antisense experimental group and the sense experimental group or the control group had significances. There was no statistical significance in the detection indexes between the sense experimental group and the control group. Conclusions:The VEGF antisense oligonucleotides can inhibit the neovascularization and the growth of bladder carcinoma in nude mice,which might be an important gene therapeutic strategy for the bladder carcinoma in future.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different depth of anesthesia monitoring in elderly cancer patients in the early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods: 124 cases were received general anesthesia laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer in elderly patients, and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 62 cases. The mean artery pressure (MAP) and heart rate of two groups of patients at different depth of anesthesia in each period were compared with the previous induction of anesthesia (t0), the organ before intubation (t1) and after intubation (t2), before pneumoperitoneum (t3) and after pneumoperitoneum (t4), after surgery (t5) and extubation (t6). The corresponding indexes were also compared between the two groups of patients. Results:In the control group, heart rate of t2, and t4~t6 increased significantly faster. The differences were statistically significant compared with the observation group (t=4.132,t=4.345,t=4.253,t=5.326;P<0.05). MAP parameters in the control group were significantly higher than that in the observation group and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.433, t=4.985,t=5.032,t=5.163;P<0.05). POCD in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the differences were statistically significant (x2=5.323,P<0.05).Conclusion: In elderly patients with laparoscopic colorectal surgery radical NTS will remain at D2 level, which can effectively reduce the incidence of POCD patients and help patients maintain stable hemodynamics. It is worth of further promoting in clinical.

Objective: To observe the morphological changes of the retina at early stage of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) model, so as to assess the feasibility of using STZ-induced DM as an animal model of early diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: Sixty-four male SD rats (body weight [180±20] g) were randomly divided into the CON and DM groups (n=32). Rats in DM group received intraperitoneal injection of 1% STZ once and those in the CON group were given same volume of citrate buffer in the same manner. The average body weight and blood glucose were similar in the two groups before intraperitoneal injection. The blood glucose, body weight, and other parameters were determined once a week after intraperitoneal injection. In the 10 th week, the morphological changes of the retina were observed by H-E staining, stretched preparation of FITC-dextran perfused retinal blood vessels, and transmission electron microscopy in randomly chosen samples. Results: The successful rate of STZ-induced DM model was 100%. The body weight of animals in DM group had no obvious increase after injection, and it even decreased at late stage. The body weight increased gradually in the CON group. The average body weight of DM group ([169.9±26.9] g) was significantly lower than that of the CON group ([439.2±23.5] g) in the 10th week (P<0.001). The average blood glucose of DM group ([26.63±4.54] mmol/L) was significantly higher than that of the CON group ([6.37±0.49] mmol/L) 72 h after injection (P<0.001). DM group had a blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L and CON group had a blood glucose of 5.6-7.4 mmol/L throughout the 10 weeks. Retina H-E staining showed retinal capillary dilatation and interstitial edema in DM group in the 10th week, and the CON group had no obvious abnormalities. Stretched preparation of FITC-Dextran perfused retinal blood vessels showed vascular tortuosity and caliber irregularity in the DM group, but with no leakage, microvascular tumor or retinal non-perfusion area. The retinal vessel diameter was uniform and the branching was natural and smooth in the CON group. TEM results showed the following retinal ultrastructural changes in the DM group: thicker capillary basement membrane, digitation of capillary endothelial cells, mitochondrial swelling, cristae disruption, and vacuolar degeneration in capillary endothelial cells, bipolar cells and ganglion cells, mitochondrial swelling and cristae disruption in pericytes, decreased membranous disc (photoreceptor cell's outer segment), and widened gap between membranous discs. Conclusion: The retina morphological changes of early stage background diabetic retinopathy (BDR) can be found in the 10th week after STZ injection in rats, and STZ-induced DR model can be used as an early stage DR model; besides, the method is simple, economical, quick, with good reproducibility and high successful rate.

At present, about 50 million people worldwide suffer from sarcopenia, and the number is expected to reach 500 million by 2050.Sarcopenia in the elderly will be one of the major global health problems in the future.In this article, current research status and progress of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, its correlation with other diseases and treatment of sarcopenia were analyzed.

Objective To observe the effect of IL 11 on graft versus host disease and graft versus leukemia after allogenic bone marrow transplantation and related mechanism in acute lymphoblastic leukemic (ALL) mice. Methods Twenty nude mice and 20 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups separately, total 4 groups. Group A and C, nude mice and BABL/c mice control group respectively; Group B and D, nude mice and BABL/c mice experimental group. The mice in the experimental groups were subjected to the subcutaneous injection of IL 11 2 days before transplantation and 7 days after transplantation, while those in the control groups not to IL 11. The effects of IL 11 on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells before and after transplantation in ALL mice were evaluated by flow cytometry. The survival time of ALL mice after marrow transplantation was recorded. The GVHD pathological changes of liver, spleen and intestine in ALL mice after transplantation were observed. The level of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?) was detected by ELISA. Results In group D, IL 11 could significantly decrease the number of CD4 + T cells and increase CD8 + T cells simultaneously. IL 11 could obviously prolong the survival time, delay and relieve GVHD, and decrease the level of TNF ? in ALL mice after transplantation. Conclusion IL 11 could alleviate GVHD and retain GVL effect after allogenic bone marrow transplantation.

Enolase is one kind of important glycolytic enzymes which widely exists in most organisms. A number of recent studies confirm that this enzyme has the functions of activating the plasminogen involving in the processes of infection and mi-gration of parasites reducing the immune function of the host as well as preventing parasites from the immune attack of the host. This paper reviews the current research advances in the parasite enolase and explores its potential for diagnosis drug develop-ment and vaccine target of parasitic diseases.

Objective To measure the nursing time that the geriatric patients need daily in a large general hospital in Anhui province,thus to understand the direct and indirect nursing items and time.Methods Timing and recording nursing operations to meet the conditions of the geriatric patients for 7 consecutive days by field recording method were done.Results The average time of each nursing procedures was calculated.Direct nursing time was 146.10 min,accounting for 84.70％ of the total nursing time,including primary care (42.81％) and respiratory/drain management proportion (15.86％); Indirect nursing time was 26.39 min,accounting for 15.30％ of the total nursing time.The actual number of nurse needed was 158,the suitable bed protection ratio was 1 ∶ 0.68.Conclusions Direct nursing time of geriatric patients needed was longer than that of indirect nursing time.To increase direct nursing hours and reduce the indirect nursing time can satisfy the need of elderly patients.In addition,the current nursing staffing cannot satisfy the clinical needs of the elderly,thus,nursing resources allocation should be reasonable arranged as soon as possible.

Objective To investigate the relation of peripheral leukocyte total and its differential counts with urinary albumin(UAlb)in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The 564 subjects with type 2 diabetes were stratified according to UAER levels.The total and differential leukocyte counts of peripheral blood were measured.Demographic and potential metabolic confounding factors were analyzed with multiple correlation and logistic regressions to evaluate the effects of leukocyte counts on UAER.Results With the increase of UAER,the peripheral total leukocyte,neutrophil,monocyte,eosinophil and basophil counts increased.In contrast,the lymphocyte count decreased.The differences persisted even after adjusting the influence of age,sex,duration of diabetes and other known risk factors.Conclusions Our study shows that peripheral leukocyte counts,even within the normal range,are related with UAlb in subjects with type 2 diabetes in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To compare the levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsC-RP) among subjects with normal fasting glucose plus normal glucose tolerance(NFG/NGT),IFG,IGT and IFG plus IGT,and to analyze the related risk factors. Methods 443 nondiabetic subjects aged 39-65 years were seperated into four groups:NFG plus NGT,IFG,IGT and IFG plus IGT.The serum hsC-RP levels and related factors were analyzed. Results Compared with IFG subjects,IGT subjects had higher hsC-RP levels.No differences in hsC-RP levels were found between NFG plus NGT group and IFG group, as well as between IGT group and IFG plus IGT group.Stepwise multiple regression showed that BMI and HOMA-IR were independent predictors of hsC-RP. Conclusions IGT subjects have significantly higher serum hsC-RP level than IFG subjetcts. The serum level of hsC-RP is associated with insulin resistance and the components numbers of metabolic syndrome.