Objective:To investigate the effect of different depth of anesthesia monitoring in elderly cancer patients in the early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods: 124 cases were received general anesthesia laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer in elderly patients, and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 62 cases. The mean artery pressure (MAP) and heart rate of two groups of patients at different depth of anesthesia in each period were compared with the previous induction of anesthesia (t0), the organ before intubation (t1) and after intubation (t2), before pneumoperitoneum (t3) and after pneumoperitoneum (t4), after surgery (t5) and extubation (t6). The corresponding indexes were also compared between the two groups of patients. Results:In the control group, heart rate of t2, and t4~t6 increased significantly faster. The differences were statistically significant compared with the observation group (t=4.132,t=4.345,t=4.253,t=5.326;P<0.05). MAP parameters in the control group were significantly higher than that in the observation group and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.433, t=4.985,t=5.032,t=5.163;P<0.05). POCD in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the differences were statistically significant (x2=5.323,P<0.05).Conclusion: In elderly patients with laparoscopic colorectal surgery radical NTS will remain at D2 level, which can effectively reduce the incidence of POCD patients and help patients maintain stable hemodynamics. It is worth of further promoting in clinical.

Objective:To study the inhibiting effect of VEGF antisense oligonucleotides carried by liposome on the growth of human bladder carcinoma in nude mice. Methods:The nude mice model of human bladder carcinoma was established and VEGF antisense oligonucleotides were carried by liposome to be transfected.The cell proliferation index,microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of VEGF were detected with immunohistochmistry streptavidin-biotin peroxidase(SP) method and the cell apoptosis index was determined with Tunnel technology. Results:The growth inhibitory rate in antisense experimental group and sense experimental group were 71.08% and 7.19% respectively. The differences in the cell proliferation index,apoptosis index,microvessel density(MVD) and the expression of VEGF between the antisense experimental group and the sense experimental group or the control group had significances. There was no statistical significance in the detection indexes between the sense experimental group and the control group. Conclusions:The VEGF antisense oligonucleotides can inhibit the neovascularization and the growth of bladder carcinoma in nude mice,which might be an important gene therapeutic strategy for the bladder carcinoma in future.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ASODN) on human bladder carcinoma in nude mice mediated by ultrasound microbubble. Methods:The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups when transplantation tumor was established: For UM+ASODN group, mixture of microbubble and VEGF-ASODN was inject into every mice from caudal vein plus ultrasound tumor local irradiation. For UM group, microbubble was inject into very mice from caudal vein plus local irradiation with the same condition. For control group, physiological saline was inject into every mice from caudal vein.The treatment was performed every 3 days with total 5 times.The volume change of mouse subcutane tumors was observed.Evaluate the expression of VEGF and CD34 and Ki67 with immunohistochemistry dyeing and calculate the microvessel density (MVD) and cell proliferation index;TUNEL assay was used to analyse the apoptosis of tumor cells. Results:The growth speed of nude mice tumor in UM+ASODN group was obviously slower than control group; The expression of VEGF and The MVD in UM+ ASODN group was lower than control group(P

Enolase is one kind of important glycolytic enzymes which widely exists in most organisms. A number of recent studies confirm that this enzyme has the functions of activating the plasminogen involving in the processes of infection and mi-gration of parasites reducing the immune function of the host as well as preventing parasites from the immune attack of the host. This paper reviews the current research advances in the parasite enolase and explores its potential for diagnosis drug develop-ment and vaccine target of parasitic diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the teaching methods for pharmacognosy course in order to improve the quality of teach-ing. METHODS:In view of the disadvantages of the traditional teaching method,the teaching methods in pharmacognosy courses were reformed and practiced in many ways. RESULTS:Special seminar was set up,the role of teacher and student exchange was applied,traditional culture and knowledge was penetrated in class teaching,extracurricular activities were carried out and field prac-tice was added. CONCLUSIONS:Through the reform practise of the teaching method in pharmacognostic courses in pharmacy ma-jor in our university,the initiative and enthusiasm of students' learning has been improved,the ability of professional knowledge has been expanded,innovation and practical ability have been actively cultivated and good teaching effected has achieved. The quali-ty of the teaching in pharmacognosy has been greatly improved.

Objective To observe the effect of IL 11 on graft versus host disease and graft versus leukemia after allogenic bone marrow transplantation and related mechanism in acute lymphoblastic leukemic (ALL) mice. Methods Twenty nude mice and 20 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups separately, total 4 groups. Group A and C, nude mice and BABL/c mice control group respectively; Group B and D, nude mice and BABL/c mice experimental group. The mice in the experimental groups were subjected to the subcutaneous injection of IL 11 2 days before transplantation and 7 days after transplantation, while those in the control groups not to IL 11. The effects of IL 11 on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells before and after transplantation in ALL mice were evaluated by flow cytometry. The survival time of ALL mice after marrow transplantation was recorded. The GVHD pathological changes of liver, spleen and intestine in ALL mice after transplantation were observed. The level of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?) was detected by ELISA. Results In group D, IL 11 could significantly decrease the number of CD4 + T cells and increase CD8 + T cells simultaneously. IL 11 could obviously prolong the survival time, delay and relieve GVHD, and decrease the level of TNF ? in ALL mice after transplantation. Conclusion IL 11 could alleviate GVHD and retain GVL effect after allogenic bone marrow transplantation.

?AlM:To analyze the related risk factors of retinopathy in pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome ( PlHS) .
?METHODS:Two hundred and sixty-two cases with the PlHS retinal lesions were selected, and the correlation between PlHS stage, age, body mass, albuminuria, mean arterial blood pressure, hematocrit value and retinopathy in PlHS were observed.
?RESULTS: Retinal stage increased with the increase of the grade of PlHS (χ2regression=52. 13, P<0. 05);there was no statistical significance between age and retinopathy (χ2regression=6. 52, P>0. 05);the greater body mass was, the higher the degree of retinopathy was (χ2regression=22. 97, P<0. 05 ); albuminuria was associated with retinopathy (χ2regression = 40. 16, P<0. 05 ); the degree of retinopathy increased with the increase of mean arterial blood pressure (χ2regression = 44. 38, P < 0. 05 ); the degree of retinopathy increased with the increase of hematocrit value (χ2regression=52. 73, P<0. 05).
?CONCLUSlON: PlHS stage, body mass, albuminuria, mean arterial blood pressure, hematocrit value are the related risk factors of retinopathy in PlHS.

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the human endocrine system. A papillary thyroid microcarci-noma (PTMC) is usually defined as a papillary thyroid tumor that is less than 10 mm in diameter. The incidence of thyroid cancers has obviously increased in recent years. The surgical treatment of PTMC differs in China and overseas. Aside from conventional surgery, novel surgical methods, such as ultrasound-guided percutaneous ablation, have been used for the surgical treatment of PTMC. This arti-cle mainly discusses the research progress in the surgical treatment of PTMC.

Small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis is the most common type in brain metastasis tumors with the poor prognosis. Researches show that prophylactic cranial irradiation is not only effective in the prevention and treatment of limited disease brain metastases of small cell lung cancer,but also effective for extensive disease. Moreover,certain medications such as mannitol,nimustine etc also play an important sup-porting role,but there are many other uncertain parts in terms of prevention and treatment remaining controver-sial and needing further research.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of 17?-estradiol (?E2) on cultured retinal neurons. Methods By using methods of the cultured retinal neurons, the effects of H 2O 2, ? E2, and tamoxifen, the estrogen receptor antagonist, on the cultured retinal neurons were observed. Results H 2O 2 significantly decreased cell viability in cultured retinal neurons in a dose- and time-dependent manner. When the retinal neurons were pretreated with ? E2 30 min prior to H 2O 2 treatment, cell viability was significantly increased (P