Objective To draw up a job self-regulation questionnaire for airline pilots and to evaluate its reliabilities and validities.Methods A job self-regulation questionnaire was developed based on documents and interviews.In order to examine the validity,208 airline pilots of CAAC were tested and 31 department leaders of them were interviewed.Results The self-regulation of airline pilot was composed of eight key dimensions,which had been examined in the confirmatory factor analysis.The Cronbach of full questionnaire was ?=0.743,and the reliability of each dimension was beyond Cronbach ?=0.516.Coefficient of stability of the questionnaire was beyond 0.606(P

Objective To discuss the application value of modified Hodge test(MHT) for screening carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.Methods The 24 Enterobacteriaceae reduced susceptibility to carbapenems were detected by MHT.At the same time,polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect carbapenemase genes of KPC,NDM,IMP,SIM and VIM.PCR products were sequenced and the results were compared with the sequences of Gen Bank database.Comprehensive analysis the application value of MHT and PCR to detect carbapenemase.Results Among these 24 strains,13 stains appeared to produce carbapenemase by MHT,5 positive strains were found to carry carbapenemase genes by PCR.By comparing with the sequences of Gen Bank database 1 strain were confirmed to KPC-2 and 4 strains were confirmed to IMP-4.We found that 4 strains of Enterobacteriaceae,detected carbapenemase by MHT and PCR at the same time.9 strains of MHT were positive,but we couldn′t detect the carbapenemase genes.1 strain of MHT was negative,but carbapenemase gene was found in the strain.Conclusion The value of MHT to screen carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is necessary to further study.

To determine whether Smac/DIABLO (second mitochondrial activator of caspases/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein-binding protein of low isoelectric point [PI]) and XIAP (X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) serve to regulate neuronal apoptosis following seizures, we investigated seizure-induced changes in caspase-9, Smac/DIABLO and XIAP protein expression and the in vivo effect of caspase-9 inhibition. Animals received unilateral intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid (0.5 microg) to induce seizures for 1 h. The seizures were then terminated by diazepam (30 mg/kg). Animals were killed 0, 2, 4, 8, 24 or 72 h following diazepam administration. The apoptotic and surviving neurons in hippocampus were observed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and cresyl violet staining, the expression of Smac/DIABLO, XIAP and caspase-9 was detected with immunofluorescence and western blot. The results showed that the levels of XIAP and the 46-kDa proenzyme form of caspase-9 were unaffected by the seizures. The expression of Smac increased at 2 h and the 37-kD cleaved fragment of caspase-9 was detected at 4 h, TUNEL-positive neurons appeared at 8 h and reached maximal at 24 h following seizure cessation within the ipsilateral (the same side as the intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid) CA3 subfield of the hippocampus. Intracerebroventricular infusion of caspase-9 inhibitor z-LEHD-fluoromethyl ketone (z-LEHD-fmk) significantly decreased TUNEL-positive neurons and increased the number of surviving cells. Caspase-9 immunoreactivity increased and Smac/DIABLO, XIAP immunoreactivity became extensive within the ipsilateral CA3 neurons. TUNEL-positive neurons and the alterations of the expression of Smac/DIABLO and XIAP within the ipsilateral CA3 were not detected within the contralateral hippocampus. These results suggest that seizures lead the translocation of Smac/DIABLO into the cytosol, the activation of caspase-9 and the change of subcellular locoalization of XIAP. These changes may play a role in the brain damage induced by seizures. Caspase-9 is possibly a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of brain injury associated with seizures.
Amygdala ; physiology ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; Caspases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Complement Membrane Attack Complex ; Complement System Proteins ; Glycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Kainic Acid ; Limbic System ; Male ; Microinjections ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteins ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seizures ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein

OBJECTIVETo study the rotation of femoral component and tibial component with CT and evaluate the relationship between patellofemoral complications and rotational alignment of the components.

METHODSThirty patients with isolated patellofemoral complications after total knee arthroplasty were compared with 20 patients with well functioning total knee replacements free of patellofemoral complications. The epicondylar axis and tibial tubercle were used as references on CT scans to quantify the rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial components.

RESULTSPatients with patellofemoral complications had excessive combined (tibial plus femoral) internal component rotation, which was directly proportional to the severity of the patellofemoral complications. Mild combined internal rotation (1 degree-4 degrees) was correlated with patellar and lateral tracking tilting, moderate rotation (3 degrees-8 degrees) with patellar subluxation, and severe rotation (7 degrees-17 degrees) with early patellar dislocation or late patellar prosthesis failure. The control group had combined external rotation of 10 degrees-0 degree.

CONCLUSIONSThe direct correlation of combined internal component rotation to the severity of the patellofemoral complication suggests that internal component rotation may be the predominant cause of patellofemoral complications in patients with normal axis alignment. CT scans can be used intraoperatively and postoperatively to determine whether the rotational malalignment is present to require revision of one or both components.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Prosthesis Failure ; Radiography ; Rotation

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for liver cancer.

METHODSHIFU treatment was performed in 44 liver cancer patients under general anesthesia and ultrasound positioning. Before and after HIFU treatment, the clinical symptoms, liver functional tests, AFP and MRI were evaluated.

RESULTSAfter HIFU treatment, the remission rate of clinical symptoms was 87.5% (28/32), with the scanty ascites in 3 patients disappeared. ALT (79.73 +/- 12.31 U/L) and AST (103.47 +/- 24.55 U/L) before HIFU were reduced to normal in 84.6% (22/26) and 73.5% (25/34) patients. AFP in 64.3% (18/28) patients decreased > or = 50% of the original value. After HIFU, MRI showed coagulative necrosis and blood supply reduction or disappearance of tumor in the target region.

CONCLUSIONHIFU treatment pocesses good effect on liver cancer, which will offer a considerable weight in noninvasive local treatment of hepatic tumor.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal

Objective　To investigate the existence, intensit y and persisting time of biologic activity of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF ) collected from dogs with acute severe smoke inhalation injury in early post-i njury stage. Methods　BALF was collected 1 h after the est ablishment of acute severe sawdust smoke inhalation injury in 5 dogs, and the fl uid was perfused into the lungs of Wistar rats in the amount of 5 ml/kg (gro up C). Normal saline (group A) and BALF from normal dog (group B) were perfused into the lungs of rats and served as control. The respiratory rate, PaO2, lung water content and the expanding stability of lungs in all rats were determ ined at the time points of 4,12 and 24 h after the purfusion. Results　 Compared with the rats in group A and B, the rats in group C had higher mortality, wider range in RR, higher lung water content, PaO2 decreased obviou sly and lower lung expanding stability. The rats in control groups showed sl i ght mechanic obstruction in their airways in the course of experiment. Meanwhile ，the rats in group C showed higher oxidative activities and lower total anti-o xidative activities in lung tissues. Conclusion　It is certai n that the BALF collected from dogs with acute severe smoke inhalation injury in early post-injury stage could induce obvious injury in lung structure of norma l rats, showing certain mechanic obstruction in small airways. The injuring act ivity of the BALF can be alleviated ultimately 24 h after the perfusion of the B ALF.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between DNA degradation and postmortem interval of corrupt corpse. METHODS: By determining the marrow DNA content with histochemical technique and image analysis. RESULTS: The content of marrow DNA decreased gradually with prolongation of postmortem interval, and it evencould be detected till 14 days after death. CONCLUSION There was a linear relationship between the degradation rate of the nuclear DNA and postmortem interval.
Adult ; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism* ; Cadaver ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism* ; DNA/metabolism* ; Female ; Forensic Pathology/methods* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Postmortem Changes ; Regression Analysis ; Staining and Labeling ; Sternum/cytology* ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

Objective To study the impacts of the Three Gorges dam and change of water level on the survival of the local rodents, and to provide scientific basis to control the outbreak of rodent-borne diseases.Methods Four villages located around the Three Gorges dam were selected in the study. The mouse populations by using Elton night trapping method was monitored. Metallic spring traps were set for two consecutive nights. The mouse density and identified the mouse species was calculated. The mouse species indoor and outdoor, as well as the mouse density indoor and outdoor were compared. The impacts of water level in the dam and cleaning work on local mouse density were also analyzed. Results A total of 678 mice were caught in this study, 517 were caught indoor and 161 outdoor. Indoor dominant species was flavipectus; accounting for 36.49%(189/517), while outdoor was apodemus, reaching 56.88% (91/161). For mouse species, there was a significant difference between indoor and outdoor(x2 = 678.00, P ＜ 0.01 ). The average mouse density was 8.44%(678/8036) in trap nights. Indoor mouse density reached 14.44%(517/3581 ), which was significantly higher than that of outdoor(3.61%, 161/4455 ).For mouse density, there was a significant difference between indoor and outdoor(x2 = 301.04, P ＜ 0.01 ). When the water level was up to 156 m, mouse density reached 10%(513/5132), which was higher than that of before (5.68%, 165/2904). There was a significant difference in mouse density before and after reserving water (x2 = 44.68, P ＜ 0.01 ). With the change of water level, upstream mouse density formed a high platform from May 2007 to May 2008, followed by 12.25%(80/653), 13.16%(90/684), 12.95%(90/695), and decreased to 8.38%(28/334) after cleaning of the dam. Conclusions The Three Gorges dam and change of water level actually alter the survival environment of the local mouse, and affect local mouse density and mouse species. These may lead to local outbreak or epidemic of rodent-borne diseases.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect on adhesion and motion capbilities of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), by detecting the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), E-cadherin (E-cad) and S100A4 and the clinical significance in ACC tissues and analyzing the relationships between them with perineural invasion (PNI).

METHODSThe expression of NGF, E-cad and S100A4 in ACC was detected with the way of immunohistochemistry SP, and then analyzing the expression level of them in different pathological types and histological regions in statistical ways on the basis of their relation with clinical and pathological parameters.

RESULTSThe expression of NGF and S100A4 in PNI group [88% (23/26) and 77% (20/26)], was higher than that in NPNI group (8/16 and 7/16, P < 0.05), and a positive correlation between them was identified in PNI group (r = 0.316, P < 0.05). However the E-cad expression was lower in PNI group [31% (8/26), P < 0.05]. On the other hand it suggested a negative correlation with NGF (r = 0.385, P < 0.05) as well as that with S100A4 (r = -0.612, P = 0.000). The expression level of NGF in fasciculus [83% (25/30)] has significant deviation compared with it in distant tumor tissues [47% (14/30), P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONSIn the PNI process of ACC, NGF plays important parts but not the only factor. It can increase the expression and activity of S100A4 but decrease E-cad expression through binding with its receptor. Thus, adhesion abilities of tumor cells was weakened and motional abilities was strengthen.

Cadherins ; biosynthesis ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Movement ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Growth Factor ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of α-enolase (ENO1) in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth in human glioma cells.

METHODSGlucose uptake and lactate generation were assessed to evaluate the changes in glucose metabolism in human glioma U251 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ENO1 knockdown. MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining were used to examine the cell growth and cell cycle changes following siRNA transfection of the cells.

RESULTSTransfection of U251 cells with siRNA-ENO1 markedly reduced glucose uptake (P=0.023) and lactate generation (P=0.007) in the cells and resulted in significant suppression of cell proliferation (*P<0.05) since the second day following the transfection. Transfection with siRNA-ENO1 also obviously suppressed cell cycle G1/S transition in the cells (P=0.0425). The expressions of HK2 and LDHA, the marker genes for glucose metabolism, were significantly down-regulated in the cells with siRNA-mediated ENO1 knockdown.

CONCLUSIONENO1 as a potential oncogene promotes glioma cell growth by positively modulating glucose metabolism.