Influenza viruses are global epidemic and diversely difficult to distinguish,which threaten human’s survival and development very much.In recentyears,the frequent outbreaks of influenza prompt the rapid development of Influenza virus detection.Compare with the traditional isolated culture and immunological detection,molecular diagnostic technology is of high detection speed,high sensitivity and specificity,that gradually play an important role in the current Influenza virus de-tection.In order to provide a theoretical basis for the rapid diagnosis of Influenza virus in the clinic,the article summarize the update progress of molecular biology and diagnostic techniques of Influenza viruses.

Cellular functions like proliferation,differentiation,migration,morphogenesis and apoptosis are modulated by the extracellular matrix.Integrins are the prototypic heterodimeric transmembrane matrix receptors with competing affinities for individual extracellular matrix ligands.The intracellular integrin domain clusters cytoplasmic proteins into focal adhesion plaques for bidirectional(outside-in and inside-out) signaling.Integrin-linked kinase(ILK) is an intracellular serine/threonine protein kinase that interacts with the cytoplasmic domains of ?-integrins.ILK organizes the connections of the extracellular matrix via integrins to the cytoskeleton and is involved in adhesion plaque signaling,and it plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic renal fibrosis.High glucose induces the upregulation of the synthesis and activity of ILK in cultivated mouse podocytes and mesangial cells.The ILK protein level is significantly increased in diabetic glomeruli.ILK activity is likely to provide the basis for an effective therapeutic method for diabetic nephropathy.This review gives an introduction of ILK structure and function,followed by a summary of our current understanding of ILK in diabetic nephropathy with a special focus on glomerular cell-matrix interaction.

Objective To explore the effects of insulin pump on pancreatic ?-cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied with hyperglycaemia.Methods We treated 46 cases of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus with fasting blood glucose≥10.0 mmol/L by insulin pump for 2 weeks.Their blood sugar and insulin were determined before and after treatment by oral glucose tolerance test and insulin releasing test.We then calculated the function index,morning secretion of pancreatic ?-cells and insulin resistance index.The patients were followed up for 6 months and the blood glucose was monitored.Results After treatment,insulin,function index and the morning secretion were increased significantly,while the blood sugar and resistance index were decreased.In all the patients,16 could maintain ideal blood glucose only by alimentary control and exercise.Conclusion With the insulin pump in a short term,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can rapidly control blood glucose,obviously improve pancreatic ?-cells,and reduce insulin resistance.

Dental Bonding ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases

Aged ; Endocarditis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male

Cardiovascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; genetics

Objective:To explore distinguishing value of serum aldosterone level for different types of atrial fibrilla-tion (AF) .Methods:A total of 153 AF patients were selected ,including 99 patients with paroxysmal AF (paroxys-mal AF group) and 54 patients with persistent AF (persistent AF group) .Serum aldosterone concentration was measured ,and its correlation with two types of AF was analyzed .Results:Compared with patients with paroxysmal AF ,there was significant rise in serum aldosterone level [ (234.3 ± 69.6) pg/ml vs .(302.7 ± 78.3) pg/ml , P<0.01] in patients with persistent AF .Correlation analysis indicated that aldosterone level was positively correlated with atrial diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (r=0.896 ,0.831 ,P<0.01 both) .Conclusion:Serum al-dosterone level is helpful to distinguishing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and persistent atrial fibrillation ,and posses-ses certain guiding significance for outcome .

Purpose:To investigate the pathogenesis,diagnos is and treatment of hashimoto's disease(HD) complicated with papillary thyroid c ancer (PTC ). Methods:Clinical data of 12 cases of HD complicated with PTC un dergoing surgery were analysed retrospectively and followed-up for one half to 8 years. Results:In this series papillary thyroid cancer occurred in 25 % (12/48) in patients with HD, but correct preoperative diagnosis was obtained i n 3 (25%) of 12 cases.All patients had thyroid nodules and received thyroidectom y,3 cases underwent functional cervical clearance of lymph nodes. All patients w ere followed up for 6 months to 8 years and there was no death , no recurrence and no metastasis. Conclusions:HD can develop into PTC .The clinical diagnosis of coexistence of HD and PTC is still difficult. The key to diagnosis and rational treatment includes detailed understanding its clinical features, routine examin ation of serum antibodies and ultrasonography, selected scintigraphic thyroid s can or FNAB and finally quick frozen pathologic section in operation. HD complic ated with PTC should be treated surgically.Intraoperative frozen section diagnos is should be performed routinely so that HD complicated with PTC can be diagnose d.The operation procedure should be individualized.All patients should be given small dosage of thyroxine.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods This series included 7 infants(2 males and 5 females;age range,35-57 d) with congenital bilateral ureteral stenotic obstruction.The clinical presentations were characterized by sudden anuria or oliguria.B-ultrasound,cystography and puncture pyelography were performed in all of them,and magnetic resonance urography(MRU) in 3.Based on the definite diagnosis,resection of stenotic segment of the ureter or ureteral implantation was performed on them.Results The diagnosis was confirmed by puncture pyelography in all of the 7 cases.Six cases underwent phase I surgery and recovered.No ureteral stenosis and cystoureteral reflux occurred during a follow-up of 2-4 years.The renal function was normalized in them.One case had stenosis recurrence due to scar formation,and was cured by the second operation.Conclusions Anuria caused by pediatric congenital bilateral ureteral stenosis should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.Definite diagnosis can be established by puncture pyelography and MRU.Resection of the obstructive segment of the ureter,protection of renal function,and ureteral implantation are the main therapies.

AIM:To observe the effect of GDP on uncoupling proteins(UCPs) activity and the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in hypoxic exposed rat brain mitochondria.METHODS: Adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (control, acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia groups). The animals were placed into a hypobaric chamber simulated 5 000 m high altitude for 0, 3 and 30 d, respectively. The mitochondria from rat brain were isolated by centrifugation. The activity of UCPs was detected by the method of [H3]-GTP binding with UCPs specifically. The maximal binding content (Bmax) and the dissociation constant (Kd) were determined by Scatchard plot. The mitochondrial potential was measured by rhodamine 123 method. Oxidative respiratory consumption was measured by Clark electrode. The experiments were conducted under the conditions with or without GDP (1 mmol/L), respectively. RESULTS: For exposed to hypoxia, Bmax and the oxidative consumption of uncoupling respiration were increased. Kd, MMP and RCR were decreased. UCPs activity was inhibited by GDP in three groups. Kd was increased 61.01%, 83.13% and 71.52% and Bmax was decreased 23.18%, 35.20% and 33.38%, respectively. The values in the acute hypoxic group were changed markedly. The sensitivity of UCPs to GDP was elevated significantly by hypoxia. With the reducing of UCPs activity, oxidative consumption of uncoupling respiration was decreased whereas RCR and MMP were increased. The results elucidated increase in the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation.CONCLUSION: GDP increases the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreases the oxygen consumption of uncoupling respiration in hypoxic exposed rat brain mitochondria by inhibiting UCPs activity. The results suggest that the change in UCPs activity is one of the factors of mitochondrial dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation induced by hypoxia.