No abstract available.
Animals ; Dinoprostone* ; Female ; Humans* ; Menstrual Cycle* ; Oviducts*

The retinal vascular changes and the results of treatment were studied in five incontinentia pigmenti patients. All patients were female and had a mean follow-up of 4 1/2 years (7 months~7 1/2 years). Abnormal retinal vascular changes included peripheral avascular retina, retinal and preretinal neovascularization, and dilated, tortuous retinal vessels. Two of them were treated; one received a cryotherapy and the other a laser photocoagulation to the avascular retinal area and showed regression of abnormal vessels. At last follow-up, no eye developed retinal detachment, but traction of the peripheral retina by a vitreous band was visible in three patients. One showed a degenerative macula and an atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the papillomacular bundle area. Our result suggests that incontinentia pigmenti eyes may show retinal vascular changes very similar to that in retinopathy of prematurity, and can be effectively treated by destroying an avascualr retina if indicated.
Atrophy ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incontinentia Pigmenti* ; Light Coagulation ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Traction

Purpose: To investigate the clinical aspects of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. Methods: The medical records of 32 patients treated at our hospital for from 2020 to 2022 traumatic microhyphema were analyzed retrospectively. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, and refractive index were analyzed immediately after injury and after treatment. Patients with additional diseases such as vitreous and retinal hemorrhage, traumatic retinal detachment, iridodialysis, or orbital fracture were excluded. Correlations between the myopic changes and the amount of myopic refractive change caused by trauma were analyzed. Results: The 32 patients included 24 (75%) males and 8 (25%) females. The average myopic change was -3.03 ± 0.92 (range -1.00 to -5.25) diopters (D). The average change in anterior chamber depth due to trauma was -0.22 ± 0.11 mm, the change in lens diameter was 0.20 ± 0.09 mm, and the change in axial length was -0.07 ± 0.05 mm. The average change in refractive index due to ciliary spasm was -1.63 ± 0.65 D. The correlations between the change in refractive index and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.475, p = 0.008), traumatic ciliary spasm (r = 0.649, p < 0.001), and lens thickness (r = -0.184, p = 0.330) were determined. Conclusions Factors such as ciliary spasm, change in the anterior chamber depth, anterior shift of the lens-iris diaphragm, and increased lens thickness affect the myopic changes caused by trauma. Of these, a shallower anterior chamber depth and ciliary spasm are highly correlated with the transient myopic changes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to better understand nursing education in the early years of the Japanese colonial rule. Methods: We compared the 1918 Textbook on Nursing with the first Textbook on Nursing and to the original text, Grade A Textbook on Nursing, by the Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS) using the historical research method. The background of its publication and its use in nursing education were exploring, too. Results: After Korea’s annexation by Japan, the nursing textbook by the JRCS was appointed as the standard textbook in nursing education by the Government-General in Korea (GGK). Missionary nurse got the permission for the nursing textbook by JRCS and the Textbook on Nursing was published in 1918 using Korean and Chinese characters in combination. This book, an adaptation of the original text, explained the responsibilities and roles of nurses to guide them in serving patients as well as assisting in treatment or directly performing emergency medical treatment when necessary, with a focus on the treatment of the war wounded. It would have been partially used in actual nursing education among the missionary community. Conclusion Textbook on Nursing in 1918 was published not only for the nursing students of missionary nursing schools but also for other nursing trainees of diverse hospitals, nurses and missionary volunteers and to help them to acquire the licenses. It reflects the enforcement on nursing education by GGK and the reality and resistance in terms of the content of education of nursing in Korea during that period.

No abstract available.
Allografts* ; Parturition* ; Pregnancy*

The genome of Hantaan virus, the prototype of the hantavirus genus, is composed of three segmented, single stranded negative sense RNA genome. The 5' and 3' termini of the Hantaan virus RNA genome contain noncoding regions (NCRs) that are highly conserved and complementary to form panhandle stuctures. There are some reports that these NCRs seems to control gene expression and viral replication in influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. In this study, we examined whether NCRs in Hantaan virus play a role in expression of the viral nucleocapsid protein (Np) and foreign (luciferase) gene. The 5' and/or 3' NCR-deleted mutants were constructed and analysed. The Np expression of 5' NCR-deleted clone, it showed 40% reduction. To investigate the role of NCR in foreign gene expression, the clones which are replaced ORF of Hantaan viral Np gene with that of luciferase gene were constructed. The results were similar to those of the experiments using Np gene. These results suggest that 3' NCR is more important than 5' NCR in protein expression. To find out a critical region of 3' NCR in more important than 5' NCR in protein expression. To find out a critical region of 3' NCR in protein expression, several clones with a deleted part of 3' NCR were constructed and analyzed. The deletion of the conserved region in 3' NCR showed 20~30% decrease in Np expression. However there were no change in luciferase activities between clones with or without non-conserved region of 3' NCR. These results suggest that the 3' NCR of Hantaan virus S genome, especially conserved region in 3' NCR, plays and important role in the expression of Hantaan viral Np and foreign genes.
Animals ; Clone Cells ; Ecthyma, Contagious ; Gene Expression ; Genome* ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus ; Luciferases ; Nucleocapsid Proteins* ; Nucleocapsid* ; Orthomyxoviridae ; RNA ; Vesicular Stomatitis

Marjolin ulcer (MU) is a rare occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the location of a previous scar. Old thermal burn scars are the most common site of MU development. Due to the aggressive behavior causing metastasis more frequently, precise diagnose is essential. Treatment of choice is wide excision with a wider margin. Here in, we present a case, where there was a risk of misdiagnosing the carcinoma as benign, since multiple punch biopsies did not reveal the SCC. A high suspicion of cancer according to clinical correlation, patient history, and radiologic studies are recommended to reduce the risk of neglecting cancer. Even if no cancerous lesion is reported in the biopsy, treatment equivalent to that administered for cancers should be initiated in consideration of gross findings and the mechanism of injury. Though it is revealed to be benign lesion through postoperative biopsy, it must be resected due to its precancerous characteristic.

Purpose: In the case of a chronically unhealed 3rd or 4th degree burn, the lesion may involve the deep structures, and may be deeper and wider than what is visible on gross examination. Deep burns with severe inflammation may result in pus collection.Surgical unroofing and drainage are the treatments of choice for improving the patient's general condition. Before surgery, accurately identifying the range of the lesion is important for planning. Preoperative imaging scans such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) help identify involved deep structures and check the range and presence of pus collections. Methods: A retrospective review was performed from 2021 to 2023 on a total of nine cases with severely infected deep burns who were checked with preoperative MRI or CT to confirm the range of lesions and pus collection in our hospital. The patients were chosen based on whether or not there was pus discharge, the inflammation levels, and a fever above 38 degrees. Results: Preoperative imaging scans were crucial for determining the timing of surgery and establishing its scope and plan. All nine patients were able to unroof the entire abscess in one surgery without trial and error. After surgery, the inflammation was reduced, and a clean wound bed was observed. Conclusion In this report, we discuss the efficacy of preoperative MRI and CT examinations for identifying deep burns and extensive pus collection findings that are difficult to identify on the gross examination when planning surgical management.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Poroma* ; Tissue Donors*

PURPOSE: We analyzed the risk factors affecting readmission of children with pneumonia. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of pediatric patients admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the Jeonju Presbyterian Medical Center from January 2007 to August 2016. We classified patients who were readmitted with pneumonia within 30 days of discharge as the readmission group and patients who were admitted with pneumonia for the first time as the first admission group. RESULTS: Among 158 patients, the study (readmission) group included 82 patients and the control (first admission) group included 76 patients. Age, the percentage of segmented neutrophils and lymphocytes, the number of admissions in the last 12 months, the associated diseases (respiratory diseases such as asthma), and the affection of the right upper lung were analyzed as risk factors for readmission. However, based on a regression analysis, only age and associated diseases were found to be significant risk factors. The rate of readmission increased with younger age. When there were associated diseases, the rate of readmission also increased. CONCLUSIONS: Young age and associated diseases were significant risk factors for readmission for patients with pediatric pneumonia. When pediatric patients are admitted with pneumonia, if they are young and/or have associated diseases, a comprehensive approach is needed to reduce the rate of readmission with careful consideration of precise examination, treatment, timing of discharge, and follow-up.
Child* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Medical Records ; Neutrophils ; Patient Readmission ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia* ; Protestantism ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors*