STUDY DESIGN: Thirteen patients with cervical interlocked facets dislocation in whom closed reduction by skull traction was failed were evaluated about the patterns of ruptured disc fragment. Objects : To evaluate the causes of failure at closed reduction, and the relation between ruptured discs and interlocked facets, and the treatment results through an anterior approach. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: In traumatic dislocation of the cervical facet joints, spinal cord or nerve roots injury associated with the ruptured disc fragment has been reported. However, there is few report evaluating the patterns of ruptured disc fragment as a cause of reduction failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1988 and 1997, thirteen patients were treated by anterior fusion with plate after complete removal of the intervertebral disc through anterior approach and reduction of interlocked facets by O1iveira method. They have been followed for an average of 36 months(range : 12-96 months). The interlocking was bilateral in seven cases and unilateral in six cases. We assessed the types of ruptured disc fragment by preoperative MRI and CT and the clinical and radiological results. RESULTS: Ruptured disc fragment was found in all thirteen patients with interlocked facets dislocation. The patterns of ruptured discs were within the uncovertebral joints in 5 cases, posterioly under the posterior longitudinal ligament in 3 cases, anteriorly under intact anterior longitudinal ligament in 3 cases and combined under the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament in 2 cases. The displacement of ruptured disc fragment were seemed to be the cause of failure in closed reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Intervertebral disc injury should be evaluated carefully with MRI and CT in the lower cervical interlocked facet dislocations before trial of reduction or decision makings of treatment.
Dislocations* ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Joints ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Skull ; Spinal Cord ; Spine* ; Traction ; Zygapophyseal Joint

No abstract available.
Male ; Penis* ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Higher stresses at the cervical bone around dental implants have been seen as a primary cause of the bone resorption at the site. PURPOSE: To determine the possibility of stress reduction by assembly of different abutment and implant in diameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Abutments of several different diameters assembled on the top of XiVE(R) implants were axisymmetrically modeled for a series of finite element analyses. Abutments of 3.4, 3.8, 4.5, and 5.5 mm diameters were assumed to be sit on implants of the same or bigger diameters. All the abutments with an exception of 3.4mm dia. are technically possible to be assembled on bigger implants. Main consideration was given to the stresses at the cervical cortical bone induced by loads of parallel to the implant axis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 1. Higher stresses were observed at the cervical area of all the models of the same diameters of abutment and fixture. The peak stresses, which were shown to be a function of the fixture diameter, were from 1-1.85MPa. 2. Difference in the diameters of the abutments and the implants actually reduced the cervical bone stresses. 3. Downsizing of the abutment by one step resulted in 0.1MPa (5%) reduction of the stresses. In light of the relatively lower bone stress, however, this amount of stress reduction was decided to be biomechanically insignificant.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bone Resorption ; Dental Implants ; Finite Element Analysis

No abstract available.
Capillaries* ; Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Hyperplasia* ; Nose* ; Sebaceous Glands*

PURPOSE: The cause of renal hyperparathyroidism is unclear and the role of hyperphosphatamia is the only well established cause of renal osteodystrophy. The long life span of the parathyroid cells and the absence of a definite tissue marker for nodular parathyroid gland prohibit the timing of surgical intervention. The discrepancy between proliferation and apoptosis has been proposed as one possible cause of nodular development of the parathyroid gland in patients suffering with renal osteodystrophy. In the present study, we investigated the apoptotic labeling index of the parathyroid tissue in patients with renal hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: The parathyroid tissues of 76 patients with renal hyperparathyroidism and those of 33 normal glands were used for determining the level of apoptosis by performing a Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The patients' information was collected by a review of the clinical charts. Statistical comparison was done via two tailed t-tests. RESULTS: The averages of the TUNEL indices were 0.19 in the normal parathyroid glands and 1.84 in the hyperplastic parathyroid glands (P=0.00). The TUNEL index was higher in the oxyphil type of cells than in the chief cells and the water clear cell types (P=0.01). There was statistically significant correlation of the TUNEL index with the duration of the dialysis and less than 10 years dialysis showed a 2.23 index, which was higher than that of the longer term dialysis patients (P=0.00). The preoperative PTH level, recurrence, the Ki-67 labeling index and the pathologic type didn't show any statistical correlation with the TUNEL index (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that the TUNEL index is useful for separating the cases of advanced renal hyperparathyroidism from the early ones and the TUNEL index is well correlated with hyperplastic types of cells. A decrease of apoptosis could be a probable cause of the progression of parathyroid hyperplasia in renal patients who are on dialysis support.
Apoptosis ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary* ; Hyperplasia ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Parathyroid Glands ; Recurrence ; Renal Osteodystrophy ; Tail ; Water

Nevus lipomatosus superficialis is an uncommon form of connective tissue nevus and is manifest principally by the deposition of fatty tissue in the dermis. In this disease two clinical types are distinguished. The classic type consists of asymptomatic linear, soft, flesh-colored to yellowish papules or nodules that often coalesce into plaque. It is usually located in the pelvic girdle and lumbar area. The solitary form usually appears later in life and can occur at any site. Clinically, it may be confused with neurofibroma and acrochordon. The solitary form has been described as a pedunculated lipofibroma. There is no sexual predilection or hereditary trend. The authors experienced two cases of solitary nevus lipomatosus superficialis. The first case was a 57-year-old male who had a solitary, 1 cm-diametered, flesh-colored, polypoid nodule on the buttock for 4 years. The second case was a 32-year-old female who had a 1.5 cm-diametered, flesh-colored and light brown, polypoid nodule on the right flank for 10 years. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and histopathologic findings.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Buttocks ; Connective Tissue ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; Nevus

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the machining precision and the marginal and internal fit of single restorations fabricated with three types of lithium disilicate ceramic blocks and to evaluate the correlation. Materials and methods: Single restorations were designed using a CAD software program. The crown designed model file was extracted from the CAD software program. Three types of lithium disilicate blocks (Rosetta; HASS, IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar vivadent, VITA Suprinity; VITA) were milled using a milling machine. For the fabrication of the crown scanned model file, the intaglio surface of the restoration was digitized using a contact scanner. Then, using the three-dimensional inspection software (Geomagic control X; 3D Systems), the process of the overlap of the crown designed model and the scanned model and 3-dimensional analysis was conducted. In addition, the marginal and internal fit of the crowns was evaluated by a silicone replication method. The difference among three types of single ceramic crown was analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between machining precision and fitness (α=.05) Results: There was a significant difference in the machining precision and the marginal and internal fit according to the type of ceramic block (P<.001). In addition, the machining precision and the marginal and internal fit were positively correlated (P<.001). Conclusion The marginal fit of crowns fabricated according to the types of ceramic blocks was within the clinically acceptable range (< 120 µm), so it can be regarded as appropriate machining precision applicable to all clinical as aspects in terms of the marginal fit.

Scabies is a highly contagious skin disease caused by scabies mite infestation, resulting in intense itching. In 2023, the Korean Dermatological Association is actively implementing the “Eradication of Scabies, National Health Project” as a key initiative. Under this project, educational programs for sanatoriums and other group residential facilities, as well as nationwide public awareness campaigns, are being conducted. An expert committee of dermatologists has developed standardized clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of scabies.Current Concepts: The clinical presentation of scabies varies depending on the age and health status of the patient, the number of scabies mites, and the mode of transmission. Characteristic skin symptoms include intense itching that worsens at night and the presence of burrows and red, inflamed papules on typical areas such as finger webs, inner wrists, scrotum, and around the umbilicus. In older adults or immunocompromised infants, scabies may involve the scalp, face, palms, and soles. Atypical skin findings such as excessive hyperkeratosis, nodules, and other unusual manifestations may also occur.Discussion and Conclusion: Using the scabies diagnostic and treatment algorithm, healthcare professionals in Korean clinical settings can make rapid medical decisions when examining patients with scabies. This algorithm provides a systematic and straightforward approach to diagnosing and treating scabies effectively and improves patient care and management in real time.

An eccrine poroma (EP) is a benign adnexal tumor that typically presents as a single lesion. Eccrine poromatosis defined as multiple EPs is an uncommon presentation. A 54-year-old male had undergone operation for stomach cancer 10 years prior and insisted that he had also taken adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient presented with six reddish papules and nodules scattered on the trunk and extremities for 3 years. The histopathologic findings from all six lesions were consistent with EP. No local recurrence was observed after complete removal through punch biopsies. We report a rare case of eccrine poromatosis in the patient with gastric cancer, suspected of being caused by chemotherapy.

Purpose: Using two types of electronic apex locators, this study aimed to investigate the differences in accuracy according to the evaluator and equipment. Materials and Methods: Artificial teeth of the lower first premolars and two mandibular acrylic models (A and B) were used in this study. In the artificial teeth, the pulp chamber was opened and the access cavity was prepared.Using calibrated digital Vernier calipers, the distance from the top of the cavity and the root apex was measured to assess the actual distance between two artificial teeth. The evaluation was conducted by 20 dentists, and each evaluator repeated measurements for each electronic apex locator five times. The difference between the actual distance from the top of the cavity to the root apex and the distance measured using electronic measuring equipment was compared. For statistical analysis, the Friedman test the Mann–Whitney U-test were conducted and the differences between groups were analyzed (α=0.05).Result: As for the accuracy of measurement according to the two types of electronic apex locators, the value of the measurement error was 0.4753 mm in Dentaport ZX and 0.3321 mm in E-Cube Plus. Moreover, electronic apex locators Dentaport ZX and E-Cube Plus showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). As for the difference in the accuracy of the two types of electronic apex locators according to the evaluator, the resulting values differed depending on the evaluator and showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion Electronic apex locator E-Cube Plus showed higher accuracy than did Dentaport ZX. Nevertheless, both types of electronic apex locators showed 100% accuracy in finding the region within root apex ±0.5 mm zone. Fur-thermore, according to the evaluator, the two electronic apex locators showed different resulting values.