Background The pathogenesis of myopia is currently unclear. Studies showed that retinoic acid regulates the development of myopia. Whether IRBP, a retinoid transport proteins, participates in the development of myopia or not is unknown. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) in the retina of guinea pig with lens-induced myopia and study the relationship between IRBP expression and experimental myopia. Methods Fifty guinea pigs were randomized into the normal controls(n=10) ,defocus Ⅰ group (n=20) and defocus Ⅱ group (n=20). Guinea pigs in the defocus Ⅰ groups wore -10. 00 D lenses on the right eyes for 14 days and the defocus Ⅱ group for 28 days. The left eyes of both defocus groups did not wear any lens served as self-control. The refraction diopter and axial length were measured before and after wearing lenses. The protein expression of IRBP in the retina was detected by immunohistochemisty and Western blot. RT-PCR was used to observe the level of IRBP mRNA in the retina. Result Compared with the control eyes,the right eyes in the defocus Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups developed to ( -5. 53±1.93) D and (-8.69±2.46) D, and the ocular axial length elongated to (0. 31±0. 15 ) mm and (0.41 ±0. 13 ) mm, showing statistically significant differences between them ( group Ⅰ: t= 12. 57,29.63 ,P＜0.05 ;group Ⅱ :t= 15.82,44.35 ,P＜0.05 ) ,and the degree of myopia was lower and axial length was shorter in group Ⅰ than the eyes of group Ⅱ ( P＜0.05 ). There was no statistically significant differences found between the left eyes of defocus group Ⅰ and defocus group Ⅱ or eyes of the control group in diopter and axial length (P＞0.05). Immunochemistry revealed that the mean gray value of IRBP protein expression was 165.62t4. 93 and 171.00±4. 25 in defocus Ⅰ group and defocus Ⅱ group and was significantly higher than that of the self-control eyes and the normal control group ( 156. 31±4.00,155.26 ±3.49 and 158.61 ±4. 58 ) ( P＜0.05 ). Western blot demonstrated that the expressios of IRBP protein were down-regulated and RT-PCR showed the IRBP mRNA level of IRBP was significantly lower in defocusIgroup and defocusⅡgroup,compared with the self-control eyes and the normal control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Expression of IRBP in guinea pig may play a role in lens-induced myopia.

Objective To introduce the methods for quality assurance of stereotactic radiotherapy in head and neck cancers.Methods Firstly,thirty cases were randomly selected.Secondly,patients were set up with Topsland fixtures,and their heads & necks were fixed with plastic masks,on which windows were open and the signs of reposition were marked.Thirdly,the treatment plan was designed by GE-helical CT-scan and Topsland plan system.Finally,after certification eligibility,the treatment plan was performed to record the parameters of anterior-posterior and analysis errors of setting up.Results: The testing results revealed that the position error was no more than 2mm.Conclusion: QA is a very important measure to guarantee the precision of stereoscopic directional radiotherapy.Only when the QA measure has been strictly carried out,the precise and satisfactory effect can be obtained.

Bronchi ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Erythromycin ; pharmacology ; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glutathione ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in the aged. Methods Forty-two over 60 patients with obstruction sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) and 42 matched but less than 60 years OSAHS patients were selected, who were admitted to our hospital from February 2003 to December 2005. The clinical presentations and the results of PSG monitoring were analyzed between the two groups. Results The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and microarousal index (MAI) in the aged group were significantly lower than that in the younger group (P0.05). The number of severe OSAHS in the aged group was less than in the younger group (P

Objective To study histological and cytological characteristics of malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum by needle biopsy. Methods Needle biopsy specimens of 19 cases of malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum were studied with pathological, cytological, histochemical and immunohistochemical staining examination. Results Of 19 cases, 12 were males and 7 were females, with a mean age of 58.1 years. Histopathlogical examination of needle biopsy specimens revealed that 10 of them were tubulopapillary. 3 undifferentiated. 1 signet ringoid cell, 1 small cell, 2 of low-grade malignant cystic cell and 2 of myofibroblastic cell types. 16 cases were positive by cytology smear but 3 negative. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the neoplastic cells of all cases were positive for keratin, vimentin, EMA, antimesothelial cell antigen and CI but negative for HCI. Conclusion The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum can be established by its clinical manifestation, combined with pathological, cytological, histochemical staining and immunohisitochemical staining of specimens obtained by ultrasound guided needle biopsy.

Objective To study the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of low-grade malignant cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum (LGMCMP). Methods 25 cases of LGMCMP were analyzed retrospectively on their clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings, therapeutic approach and prognosis were also studied. Results Of 25 cases, 18 were females and 7 were males with a mean age of 39.6 years (range 16-84 years). According to their imaging characteristics, symptoms and physical signs, three morphological patterns of these tumors were found, i.e. localized cystic mass, multiple cystic nodules and diffuse cystic nodules. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the neoplastic cells were positive for CK, Vimentin, EMA, and anti-mesothelial cell antigen. Histochemically, the tumors were positive for CI but negative for HCI. Electron microscopic study of 11 cases revealed that the neoplastic cells had profuse slender microvilli on cell surface, large amount of microfilaments (tono-filaments) and abundant desmosomes. Conclusion LGMCMP is an uncommon neoplasm of low-grade malignancy, generally occurring in young women with distinct clinicopathologic features.

Objective To study the clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of tibia plateau fractures accompanying with knee joint injures.Methods From July 2000 to November 2005,52 cases of tibia plateau fractures were examined by X-ray and Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),which could accurately diagnose the splitting and depression degree of tibia plateau fractures and the knee joint injures.Results There were 52 cases of tibia plateau fractures,including 14 cases lateral plateau fractures,11 cases medial plateau fractures,11 cases total plateau fractures,18 cases tear-off fractures of tibia.MRI could accurately display fractures accompanying with knee joint injures,including fragmentation of catilago articularis,lancination and displacement of meniscus,lancination of collateral.According to MRI displacement direction of tibia plateau fractures and areas of depression could be accurately evaluated before operations.Conclusion MRI can accurately diagnose the feature of tibia plateau fractures and knee joint injuries.And according to the scope of fractures,the best treatment methods can be chosen.

Background Meibomain gland is a specially differentiated sebaceous gland lying in the tarsus of upper and lower eyelid.The morphological changes of the gland is associated with a variety of ocular surface diseases.Studying the relationship of morphological and functional change of meibomain gland with ocular surface is of great significance.Objective This study was to observe the change of morphology,structure and function of meibomain gland over aging and investigate the assocation of meibomain gland abnormality with ocular surface.Methods A prospectively cases-observational study was performed.Ninety-three eyes of 93 patients with age-related cataract aged 45 and older were enrolled in Shanxi Eye Hospital from March to September 2016 under the informed consent.The patients were divided into 45 to 59-year group and ≥60-year group according to age or meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group and meibomian gland loss ＜ 1/3 group.The ocular anterior segment,lid margin,meibomian gland orifices and lipids traits were examined by slit-lamp microscope.The ocular surface symptoms were assessed and scored by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scale.The break-up time of tear film (BUT),tear meniscus height,meibomian gland dropout degree,conjunctival hyperemia and corneal fluorescence staining scores were measured using ocular surface analyzer.Results No dry eye symptom was complained in all the subjects,and their OSDI scores were ＜12.No abnormal changes at the lid margin and the muco-cutaneous junction were observed.No abnormality of the meibomian gland orifices,the lipids traits and drainage was observed under the slit-lamp microscope.BUT was shortened in 42 eyes (45.16％);tear meniscus height was lowed in 52 eyes (55.91％);meibomian gland loss range was ≥1/3 in 58 eyes (62.27％).The meibomian gland loss scores were 1.65±0.79 in the 45 to 59-year group and 1.86±0.72 in the ≥60-year group,showing an insignificant difference between them (t =1.301,P =0.197).But when coming to the correlation analysis,a positive correlation was found between meibomian gland loss scores and age (rs =0.323,P=0.002),and no correlations were seen between age and BUT or tear meniscus height (rs =0.154,P =0.141;rs=-0.024,P =0.821).In addition,meibomian gland loss scores showed a negative correlation with mean BUT (rs =-0.251,P =0.015).The eye number of BUT abnormality in the meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group was more than that in meibomian gland loss ＜1/3 group (P =0.018).Conclusions Meibomian gland loss is more serious over aging in middle aged and elderly population,and serious meibomian gland loss increases the risk of tear film instability.The early meibomain gland dysfunction-like signs occur prior to symptoms,which should raise concern in clinical work.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of muscle stimulating instrument on patients with spasticity of lower limbs after surgical treatment.Methods49 adults with spasticity of lower limbs after surgical treatment were divided into the treatment group (21 cases) and the control group (28 cases). Patients of two groups were treated with routien rehabilitation training, but muscle stimulating instruments treatment was added to patients of the treatment group. The muscle strength and motor ability of patients of two groups were followed up and compared.ResultsThe muscle strength and motor ability of the treatment group were better than that of the control group during follow-up period (P<0.05,P<0.01).ConclusionMuscle stimulating instrument can accelerate the recovery of muscle strength and motor ability in adults with spasticity of lower limbs after surgical treatment.

Objective To investigate the relationship between accompanying infection and the change of immunologic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) patients.Methods One hundred and fifteen T2DM patients with infection and 95 T2DM patients with no infection were selected,and 102 subjects with no history of dia-betes were selected as no diabetetes with infection group.The venous blood of all groups were sampled after an over-night fast of 12h.Glycosylated hemoglobin a1c(HbA1c) level was tested by glycosylated hemoglobin automatic analy-zer.The levels of T cell subsets including CD3 ,CD4 ,CD8 ,NK cell and B cell ratio were tested by flow cytometry,Ig and complement level was tested by immune nephelometry.Results The level of body mass indices(BMI) in T2DM patients with infection group[(27.39 ±9.18) kg/m2 ] and with no infection group[(26.15 ±7.39) kg/m2 ] were higher than no diabetes with infection group (24.21 ±5.37)kg/m2 (t =2.548,4.702,all P <0.05).The levels of IgG,IgA,IgM,C3 ,C4 in T2DM with infection group were (11.83 ±3.92)mg/mL,(3.02 ±0.96)mg/mL,(3.38 ± 0.82)mg/mL,(1.70 ±0.38)mg/mL,(0.52 ±0.18)mg/mL,which in T2DM with non infection group were (12.46 ± 2.47)mg/mL,(2.63 ±1.37)mg/mL,(2.91 ±1.79)mg/mL,(1.58 ±0.43)mg/mL,(0.46 ±0.31)mg/mL,which in no diabetetes with infection group were (13.26 ±3.74)mg/mL,(2.06 ±1.86)mg/mL,(2.49 ±1.01)mg/mL, (1.19 ±0.82)mg/mL,(0.30 ±0.05)mg/mL.In T2DM with non infection group and T2DM with infection group, humoral immunity index including the level of IgG was lower and IgA,IgM,C3 ,C4 levels were higher than no dia-betetes with infection group,the differences were statistically significant(t =7.052,23.059,12.617,18.326,8.730, all P <0.05).The levels of CD4 ,CD8 ,NK,CD4 /CD8 ,CD3 were (37.68 ±8.39)%,(31.58 ±6.98)%,(10.76 ± 6.49)%,(1.19 ±0.75),(62.83 ±5.28)% in T2DM with infection group,which in T2DM with non infection group were (39.23 ±10.28)%,(27.61 ±5.65)%,(14.89 ±7.12)%,(1.39 ±1.01),(64.19 ±6.46)%,which in no diabetes with infection group were (42.91 ±5.67)%,(25.17 ±7.25)%,(16.39 ±6.24)%,(1.86 ±0.82), (73.65 ±9.10)%.Cellular immunity index containing CD4 ,CD8 ,NK,CD4 /CD8 ,CD3 levels decreased more signifi-cantly than no diabetic group,T2DMI group compared with T2DM group,the levels of IgG,CD4 ,CD8 ,NK,B cell ratio, CD4 /CD8 ,CD3 decreased obviously,while the levels of IgA,IgM,C3 declined greatly,there were significant differences (t =11.038,8.237,18.549,25.871,2.436,all P <0.05).Conclusion Patients with T2DM have humoral and cellular immunity abnormalities,T2DM patients with infection is closely related with the imbalance of immunologic function.