Objective To study the expression of liver X receptor (LXR) during the progress of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by wound infection, and its role in the lipid metabolism during MODS. Method The MODS models caused by wound infection were produced. One hundred Wistar rats were randomly divided into wound group (group T, n = 30) and MODS caused by wound infection group (group M, n = SO). The closed multi-fracture and extensive soft-tissue injury was produced in rats using jaw. After 12 hours, a thirty percent total body surface area Ⅲ (TBSA Ⅲ ) bum was induced in group M,and the rats were contaminated by pseudomonas aeruginosa. The levels of endotoxin ( LPS), alanine transaminase (ALT), free fatty acid ( FFA), TG, HDL, VLDL were determined before injuries and post injuries 24, 48, 96, 120 hours, and at each time point in each group, only 10 rats were determined. And at the same tune, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique was used to measure the gene expression of LXR. Chi-square test was used. Results The blood ALT and LPS levels in rats were increased slowly, the levels of FFA reached peak at 96 hours post injuries (P ＜ 0.05), the level of TG increased first and then decreased to the lowest at 96 hours, HDL dropped slowly, and VLDL decreased first and then increased. The gene expression of LXR increased slightly at 24 hours and then gradually decreased in group T, and the gene expression of LXR decreased more obviously in group M, and there was significant difference compared with group T. Conclusions ALT increased slowly, and was positively correlated with IPS post injuries. This indicated that infection aggravated the liver injury. The gene expression of LXRα increased in the early stage and then decreased in the late stage, LPS and LXRα were negatively correlated, which may cause the change of LXRα. The decreased expression of LXRα during MODS may contribute to dysfunction of cholesterol transport and fatty acid synthesis.

Objective:To explore the role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis with Graves′disease (GD),through examining the proportion of peripheral of Th17 cells and the plasma levels of Interleukin-17 ( IL-17 ) before and after 131 I or methimazol ( MMI ) treatment with GD patients.Methods:We studied 31 subjects and 30 subjects with GD after 131 I or MMI treatment as 131 I therapy group and MMI therapy group and examined as before treatment (T0 ),one month (T1)and three months (T3)after the treatment.29 age-and sexmatched healthy subjects were enrolled as the healthy control group.The Th17 lymphocytes cells were investigated by flow cytometry analysis.The levels of serum IL-17 were measured by ELISA.Results:The proportion of peripheral Th17 cells and the levels of IL-17 were significantly increased in the T0 group GD patients compared with the control group( P<0.01).In the 131 I therapy group the levels of Th17 cells,IL-17 in T0,T1,T3 decreased gradually,but still higher than in normal group( P<0.01) .But there was no sig-nificant difference in MMI therapy group (P>0.05).The proportion of peripheral Th17 cells had positive relationship with the level of IL-17( r=0.758,P<0.05 ) .Both of them were associated positively with thyroid autoantibodies.Conclusion: Th17 cells, IL-17 are highly expressed in the GD.Th17 cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of GD.In addition,radioactive 131 I may also work on GD via Th17 cells and IL-17.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc in colorectal cancer,colorectal adenomas and normal colorectal mucosa tissues,and demonstrate its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods The specimens were taken from colorectal cancer tissue of 86 patients,colorectal adenomas tissue of 60 patients,and 40 normal colorectal mucosa tissue.The expressions of Pokemon and c-myc protein were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc gene were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The correlation between the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc,and clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The positive expression rates of Pokemon and c-myc protein in colorectal cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in colorectal adenomas tissue and normal colorectal mucosa tissue:69.8％ (60/86) vs.13.3％ (8/60) and 5.0％ (2/40),73.3％ (63/86) vs.15.0％ (9/60) and 2.5％(1/40),and the expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc gene in colorectal cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in colorectal adenomas tissue and normal colorectal mucosa tissue:0.915 ±0.247 vs.0.358 ±0.102 and 0.277 ±0.085,1.272 ±0.360 vs.0.398 ± 0.153 and 0.255 ±0.097,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc gene in colorectal cancer tissue had a close correlation with the degree of infiltration,histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis and Dukes stage,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05),but had no correlation with the sex,age,and tumor diameter (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc are higher in colorectal cancer tissue,and the expressions are related to the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer.The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc may predict the prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

ObjectiveToexplore the appearance ofmusclecrushinjuryatquantitative ultrasonographic elastography by supersonic shear imaging (SSI).MethodsThe animal experiment was done using a special balloon cuff device to create left hind leg crush injury with a force of 18.6 kPa.Twentythree New Zealand rabbits had crush injury of extremity and survived for 72 hours.SSI quantitative elastography was performed in crushed and no-crushed regions of each rabbit hind leg.Quantitative lesion elasticity was measured in terms of the Young modulus (in kilopascals) at 30 min,2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after the release of the crushing pressure.A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic performance.ResultsThe area of crushed region in left hind leg accounted for 2.6％ -3.0％ of body surface area in 23 rabbits.The crushed regions exhibited maximum elasticity values of (19.51 ± 6.74)kPa,(21.47 ± 5.54) Pa,(11.36 ± 5.35)kPa,(15.09 ± 3.31)kPa and (13.72 ± 3.74) kPa,and mean elasticity values of (12.44 ± 3.77)kPa,(13.20 ± 3.60)kPa,(6.80±2.86)kPa,(10.04 ± 2.95)kPa and (6.94 ± 0.97)kPa at 30 min,2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after the release of the crushing pressure.Comparing with those of no-crushed regions,they were higher obviously (P＜0.001).ROC curves showed that extremity crush injury was diagnosed by using elasticity value,and the greater the elasticity value,the greater the diagnostic value.Conclusions SSI provides quantitative elasticity measurements,thus adding complementary information that potentially could help in crush injury characterization with conventional ultrasonography.

Objective To study the effect of Xuebijing injection on the change of intestinal tract mucosa barriers and the expression of macrophage antihody in rats with sepsis. Method Totally 150 Wistar rats were ran-domly divided into three groups: sham group, sepsis group, and Xuebijing group. Sepsis models were estabhshed in rats by cecal ligation and puncture. The success standards of sepsis included fever, the increase of respiration rate,increased heart rate and change in leukocyte count. At 12 hours before operation, and after operation the rats in the Xuebijing group were injected with 4 mL/kg Xuebijing (once every 12 hours for 3 days), and the rats in the others two groups were injected with the same volume of saline, the image analytical system were used to detect the pathological change of intestinal tract mucosa harriers and the expression of macrophage antibody in three groups. All the data were analyzed by rank-sum test and variance analysis(F test). Results Almost all the mucous mem-brahe of small intestine in sham groups were normal. The mucous membrane lesions of small intestine developed in sepsis and Xuebijing groups after 12,24,48,72 hours, and the lesion was severer in sepsis group than that in the Xuebijing group (H=19.732, P<0.01). There were no significant differences on the expression of macrophage antibody in mucous membrane of small intestine between three groups at 3 hours. But at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, the expression of macmphage antibody of sepsis and Xnebijing groups increased with time (F=560.13, P< 0.05). Conclusions At the early period of sepsis, intestinal tract mucosa barriers develops varying degrees of damage, and Xnebijing can partly protect intestinal tract mucosa barriers.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of early stage minimally invasive laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of catheter drainage on early inflammatory response of severe acute pancreatitis ( SAP ) . Methods 37 SAP patients with peritoneal effusion were divided into the observation group (19 cases with early laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of catheter drainage )and normal treatment group(18 cases with conventional drainage)using a random number table.All patients were given conventional therapy , such as fasting, gastroin-testinal decompression , anti-infection, fluid resuitation and using gastric acid and trypsin inhibitors .In addition to conventional therapy , the observation group received the early laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of catheter drainage.The inflammatory indexes responding to acute inflammation such as TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8, IL-10 and C-re-active protein(CRP)were detected before and after treatment .Meanwhile, the date of resume diet, APACHEⅡscores and duration of systemic inflammatory response ( SIRS) , incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS) and the mortality were observed .Results The acute inflammatory response occurred in both groups . The plasma levels of TNF-a,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 and CRP in the two groups decreased obviously after 3-day treat-ment.However, the plasma levels of inflammatory mediators in the normal treatment group increased while those early laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of catheter drainage group kept decreasing after 7-day treatment .There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01).Time for resuming to diets and duration of SIRS in the observation group were less than those in the normal treatment group ( P<0.01 ) , APACHEⅡscore were significantly less than those in normal treatment group also (P<0.01).The rates of MODS, overall postoperative complication rate and mortality were significantly lower in the observation group (P<0.05).Conclusions Early laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of catheter drainage can effectively improve the prognosis in patients with SAP and decrease the production of inflammatory mediators .Early laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach of cathe-ter drainage is simple , feasible and micro-invasive with encouraging outcomes , therefore it is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with SAP .

Objective:To compare the nutritional status between alcoholic cirrhosis and viral cirrhosis,and to provide reference information for the nutritional support strategy.Methods:95 alcoholic cirrhosis and 260 viral cirrhosis patients were involved in the study.The patients were reviewed with NRS 2002 and SGA within 48 hours after admission.The general information and liver function parameters including gender,age,BMI,Child-Pugh score,ALB,PA and Hb were recorded.Results:The NRS 2002 nutritional risk rate of alcoholic cirrhosis and viral cirrhosis patients was 76.80％ and 65.00％,respectively.The SGA malnutrition rate of alcoholic cirrhosis and viral cirrhosis patients was 67.40％ and 61.90％,respectively.There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in gender,Child-Pugh A rate,ALB,PA,Hb and NRS 2002,while there was no significant difference in age,Child-Pugh B rate,Child-Pugh C rate,BMI and SGA.Conclusion:Nutritional dysfunction exists in both of the two types of liver cirrhosis.The nutritional risk rate and the anemia rate in alcoholic cirrhosis patients are significantly worse than those in viral cirrhosis patients.

A 36-year-old lady presented with four episodes of right sided pneumothorax during pregnancy requiring multiple chest drain insertion. It was complicated with persistent air leak despite low pressure high volume suction applied to the chest drainage. She delivered safely through spontaneous vaginal delivery with chest drainage. Further imaging by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan of thorax done revealed bilateral scattered pulmonary cysts and sub pleural bullae and was later followed up with respiratory unit. She had no further episodes of pneumothorax postpartum. This case highlights the vital importance of prompt recognition and management of pneumothorax in pregnancy as the patient involved is at higher risk for acute respiratory failure leading to maternal and/or foetal mortality. It is essential for early involvement of obstetric team and to expedite the delivery for a better perinatal and maternal outcome.
Pneumothorax ; Pregnancy

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical value of the road drainage after early mini-mally invasive treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (severe acute pancreatitis,SAP).Methods A retrospective analysis were used to investigate the clinical data of 37 patients with SAP in March 2011 to March 2011 after conven-tional treatment and early minimally invasive approach drainage treatment.Drainage of early after minimally invasive approach group were treated by laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach surgery in the early onset,and were removed of necrotic tissue and catheter drainage of the retroperitoneal clearance.Then postoperative double pipe for irrigation and the negative pressure drainage were applied.Two groups of postoperative complications,mortality,medical expenses, length of hospital stay,etc.were compared.Results Early minimally invasive drainage of into the road after acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE Ⅱ)was superior to the conventional treatment group (P =0.00).The overall incidence of complications and mortality of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (multiple out-raged dysfunction syndrome,MODS),was superior to the conventional treatment group,and the differences were statis-tically significant (P =0.023,P =0.033,P =0.046).Early into the road drainage of hospitalization expenses after minimally invasive were reduced ((19.74 ±2.22)than (36.15 ±1.92)ten thousand yuan,t =23.989,P =0.000),hospitalization time were shorter (4.76 ±0.64)weeks than (6.03 ±0.73)weeks,t =5.635,P =0.000). Conclusion Early minimally invasive retroperitoneal approach of drainage treatment of SAP can reduce the incidence of complications and mortality,reduce hospitalization expenses,shorten hospitalization time,and has the clinical feasi-bility and application value.

Objective To explore the potential association of HLA-A alleles and genetic susceptibility with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) was used to analyze the distribution of HLA-A alleles among 106 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 122 healthy persons. Results Nineteen out of twenty-four kinds of HLA-A alleles were found from the specimens, including 18 kinds in SLE specimens, and 15 kinds in control specimens. Among them, HLA-A*11 allele was positively associated with SLE (RR = 2.4380, EF = 0.1502, ?2 = 12.2440, P = 0.0005, Pc = 0.0095). For A*01 and A*24, although the P values were less than 0.05, the Pc values were more than 0.05 (0.9462 or 0.2356, respectively). Conclusions The results indicate that HLA-A*11 may be the susceptible allele or may be closely linked with the susceptible genes in Chinese SLE patients.