Fracture healing consists of four stages: hematoma and inflammation, granulation tissue formation, membranous and endochondral ossification, and remodeling. During these stages, the pathological changes are continuous and overlapping and numerous inflammatory factors and growth factors play a central role in the tissue regeneration and ossification. The fracture will eventually reach primary bone healing or callus healing depending on the stability of fracture site after treatment. The delayed union and nonunion can be assessed according to the treatment time, clinical examination, radiology and biomechanical testing. It is important to understand the differences between hypertropic and atrophic nonunions and the reasons that lead to nonunion. At last, methods to promote fracture healing are summarized and classified into four groups: biological, systemic, mechanical and biophysical ones.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is still an emergent situation in traumatic orthopaedics. Its pathophysiologic mechanism and treatment principles have already been recognized and established widely. The main factors which affect the prognosis are early diagnosis and timing of surgical treatment. This review analyzes the methods of clinical and instrumental diagnosis,rectifies some misunderstandings in clinical evaluation and makes suggestions on appropriate monitoring.

Objective To observe the efficacy of treatment of cirrhosis ascites with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Methods All patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (27 cases) and a control group (25 cases). Patients in the treatment group were treated with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, while patients in the control group were treated with western conventional therapy. Resulta The total effective rate in the treatment group was 96.3%, showing significant difference (P＜0. 05) contrasting 72% in the control group. Conclusion It is effective that treating cirrhosis ascites with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

The doctor-patient relationship has become increasingly tense. The requirement of the society for physicians, especially surgeons is higher. Apart from fine professional skills, surgeons must learn some other skills, such as communication, the ability of self-decompression, and the awareness of public relationship to deal with inculpation from the media and society. The medical record is more and more important nowadays, surgeons should pay enough attention to it. The public misunderstanding of the medical profession will surely harm both doctors and patients in the end.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Communication ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Physicians

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To observe any therapeutic effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on bone loss in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.Methods Fifty-five patients with SCI were divided into two groups randomly.The twenty-six patients in the control group (group B) were given only routine rehabilitation treatment; the twenty-six patients in the treatment group (group A) received PEMF therapy in addition.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the average bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur (including total,neck,Wards,inter,troch) in group A was significantly higher than in group B.The levels of bone-gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing protein (BGP) and 1,25 (OH)2D3 in group A increased significantly,while they decreased in group B.Urine-pyridinium/crealinine (U-Pyd/Cr) levels in group A decreased significantly,while in group B they were higher than before.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion PEMF treatment can effectively retard bone loss in SCI patients.It has good preventive and curative effects on osteoporosis after SCI.

Fulminant myocarditis (FM)is a clinical accidant and emergency,and often endenger the lives of patients.Myocardium damage by virus infection and immune-mediated cellular damage are important for the development of FM.This paper discussed the role of the immune system in the FM,involving cellular immunity,humoral immunity and cytokine.Also this paper discussed the treatment of FM about the immunol-oregulation and immunosuppression.

Objective To observe the effect of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) on expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 13 (MMP-13) in rat chondrocytes and its regulation of miR-27b. Methods Chondrocytes were extracted from 7 Wistar male rats. Expression of MMP-13 were examined by Western blot at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h after IL-1βstimulation. Differential miRNAs expression profiles were examined by miRNAs microarray. The most obviously down-regulated miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative Real-time PCR. Targeted regulation relationship between miR-27b and MMP-13 was set up by Luciferase re?porter gene experiments. Results Expression of MMP-13 in rat chondrocytes was increased at a timely dependent manner upon IL-1βstimulation(P<0.05);Microarray revealed 36 miRNAs whose expression changed, among which 6(miR-27b, miR-31, miR-26a, miR-26b, miR-23, miR-204)were especially obvious. Real-time PCR confirmed that miR-27b was the one whose expression level were most down-regulated. Transient co-transfection of miR-27b mimics with luciferase expres?sion plasmids resulted in significant repression of luciferase activity in rat chondrocytes (P < 0.05). Conclusion IL-1βstimulation result in down-regulation of miR-27b and up-regulation of MMP-13 expression. MiR-27b and MMP-13 show targeted regulation relationship.

Objective To evaluate the effect of therapeutic communication on perioperative anxiety of cancer patients by using the Meta-analysis.Methods The randomized controlled studies of therapeutic communication for perioperative anxiety of cancer patients were gathered from Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM),China Scientific Journal Database by VIP (CSJD),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wangfang Data,while other relative researches were also searched by hand.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria articles were evaluated by two reviewers independently.The studies were assessed according to the Juni assessment.RevMan 5.2 was used for statistical analysis.Results Seven studies with 506 patients were included,of which therapeutic intervention group contained 256 patients,the control group included 250 patients.Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,therapeutic communication system could reduce perioperative anxiety of cancer patients [MD=-8.00,95％CI (-8.91--7.10),P ＜0.01],improve positive perioperative coping of patients [MD=5.50,95％CI(4.05-6.95),P ＜ 0.01],reduce negative perioperative coping of patients [MD=-7.62,95％CI (-9.13--6.11),P ＜ 0.01],increase the satisfaction degree of patients [MD=0.55,95％CI (0.33-0.77),P ＜0.01],the differenccs were statistically significant.Conclusions Therapeutic communication can contribute to relieve perioperative anxiety of cancer patients,optimize their coping styles and improve the satisfaction degree of patients with nursing work.