ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of autophagy on exocrine function of pancreas in rats with acute sepsis, and to determine whether the mitochondrial coenzyme Q (Mito Q) can prevent exocrine dysfunction of pancreas mediated by autophagy.Methods ExperimentⅠ: 30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, with 10 rats in each group. All the rats were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, and Wortmannin (2 mg/kg), the specific inhibitor of autophagy (LPS+ Wortmannin group), Mito Q (6.5μmol/kg, LPS+Mito Q group), or the same volume of normal saline (LPS group) was respectively injected via the tail vein 1 hour later. Survival rate was assessed within 12 hours after LPS injection. ExperimentⅡ: another 100 male SD rats were randomly divided into ten groups with 10 rats in each group: namely control 4, 6 and 12 hours groups, LPS 4, 6 and 12 hours groups, and LPS+ Wortmannin 4 hours group, Wortmannin 4 hours group, LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group, and Mito Q 6 hours group. The protocols of model reproduction and drug administration were the same as in the experimentⅠ. Blood samples were collected at each time point, and the amylase content was determined with the velocity method. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pancreases were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of the autophagy-related protein LC3 was determined with Western Blot. The pathological changes in the pancreas were observed with microscopy.Results① The survival time in the LPS+ Wortmannin group was significantly shorter than that in the LPS group (hours: 7.50±0.64 vs. 11.90±0.13,χ2= 19.847,P= 0.001). There was no significant difference in the survival time between LPS+ Mito Q and LPS groups (hours: 11.60±0.24 vs. 11.90±0.13,χ2= 1.055,P= 0.137).② The serum amylase in the LPS 6 hours, LPS+ Wortmannin 4 hours, and LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours groups were significantly higher than those in the control group at the same time points (U/L:2 881.00±550.12 vs. 2 099.20±249.57, 3 672.00±779.24 vs. 2 081.36±245.18, 2 975.20±687.03 vs. 2 099.20± 249.57, allP< 0.05), and were significantly lowered in LPS 12 hours group (U/L: 794.00±218.71 vs. 2 086.80±261.75, P< 0.01). The pancreatic ROS in the LPS 6 hours and 12 hours groups, LPS+ Wortmannin 4 hours group, and LPS+Mito Q 6 hours group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the same time points (kU/L: 3.18±1.06 vs. 1.78±0.37, 3.63±1.08 vs. 1.85±0.41, 3.14±0.98 vs. 1.65±0.34, 3.17±1.03 vs. 1.78±0.37, allP< 0.05). The serum amylase and pancreatic ROS in LPS+ Wortmannin 4 hours group were significantly higher than those of the LPS group at the same time points (U/L: 3 672.00±779.24 vs. 2 432.20±442.85, kU/L: 3.14±0.98 vs. 1.87±0.42, both P< 0.05), but there were no differences in above two parameters between LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group and LPS group (U/L: 2 975.20±687.03 vs. 2 881.00±550.12, kU/L: 3.17±1.03 vs. 3.18±1.06, bothP> 0.05). Light microscopy showed that obvious pathological changes were found in the pancreas in the LPS 6 hours and 12 hours groups, LPS+Wortmannin 4 hours group, and LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group. Electron microscopy showed that the number of autophagic vacuoles increased 6 hours after LPS administration. There was no difference at any time point in the number of autophagic vacuoles between LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group and LPS 6 hours group, and the autophagic vacuoles were not found after Wortmannin intervention. It was demonstrated by Western Blot that the levels of LC3 protein in the LPS 6 hours and 12 hours groups, and LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the same time points (A value: 0.34±0.02 vs. 0.17±0.02, 0.37±0.03 vs. 0.18±0.04, 0.36±0.02 vs. 0.17±0.02, allP< 0.05), but there were no differences between LPS 12 hours group or LPS+ Mito Q 6 hours group and LPS 6 hours group (bothP> 0.05).Conclusions Autophagy prevents exocrine dysfunction of pancreas in septic rats, and the autophagic capacity or autophagosome-formation rate may determine the development of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito Q does not prevent exocrine dysfunction of pancreas.

Objective To investigate the effects of autophagy on cardiac function and to determine whether the mitochondrial coenzyme Q (MitoQ) prevents cardiac dysfunction,mediated by autophagy,in rats with acute sepsis.Methods Forty-five Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 9 groups (n =5,each group):control group,4 h lipopolysaccharide(LPS) group,6 h LPS group,12 h LPS group,4 h LPS + Wortmannin group,4 h LPS + MitoQ group,6 h LPS + MitoQ group,MitoQ group and Wortmannin group.Rats in LPS + Wortmannin group and LPS + MitoQ group were intraperitoneally given LPS(10 mg/kg) and followed by an injection of Wortmannin(2 mg/kg) and MitoQ (6.5 μmol/kg) via tail vein 1 hour later,respectively.Rats in each group were given the same amount of normal sodium in addition to different intervention drugs.The cardiac function parameters were measured by a BL-420E + biosignal collection system.Blood samples from abdominal aorta were taken at each time point,and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) content was detected by using the velocity method.The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in isolated myocardial tissues in rats was measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA).The protein expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) was detected by Western blot method.The pathological changes of myocardial tissue were observed by light and electronic microscopy.Results Compared with the control group,the left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),the rate of the rise in left ventricular pressure (± dp/dt max) were significantly decreased in 6 h LPS group,6 h LPS + MitoQ group and 4 h LPS + Wortmannin group(P ＜0.05),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) was significantly increased in these 3 groups(P ＜0.05).The contents of CKMB and ROS in 6 h LPS group,6 h LPS =MitoQ group and 4 h LPS + Wortmannin group were higher than those in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Electron microscopy showed that the number of autophagic vacuoles increased 6 h after LPS was administered,but did not increase significantly thereafter to 12 h.There was no difference at any time point in the number of autophagic vacuoles in the group given MitoQ and LPS.Immunoblotting demonstrated that the levels of LC3Ⅱ protein in the LPS 6 h group and LPS + MitoQ 6 h group were higher than those in the control group(P ＜0.05),but there was no difference between the LPS 12 h and LPS 6 h groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ does not prevent cardiac dysfunction.However,autophagy prevents cardiac dysfunction,and the autophagic capacity or autophagosome-formation rate may determine whether cardiac dysfunction develops.

The evaluation tools were developed based on the theory of validity,the development process and results of the Manual of Home-Based Rehabilitation Mode for Stroke Patients were evaluated by a panel of experts,and the opinions and suggestions for improvement were collected from the evaluation experts.The results showed that the average score for development process and results of the manual were ＞4 points in structural validity,content validity and surface validity,indicating that the manual was of high quality,and the development of the manual was scientific and the results were practical.The manual may provide the guidance for the home-based rehabilitation in community.At the same time,this study has enriched the reviewing tools and evaluation method of manuals,and provided reference for the peers.

Objective To develop an electronic information system,and make the pressure ulcer risk management more standardized.Methods The information module of pressure ulcer assessment was based on the Norton assessment.This technology relied on the hospital's nursing information platform,mobile nursing workstation,PDA and other hardware facilities.With this innovation,many intelligent features could be achieved,which included automatically data grabbing and results calculating.In addition,it could help in risk warning,bitmap management of skin problems and the selection and record of nursing measures.Meanwhile,a before-after controlled trial was compared in the advantage of time and satisfaction between the pressure ulcer risk assessment module and traditional assessment.Results The time of pressure ulcer risk assessment and nursing measure was significantly different between the pressure ulcer risk assessment module (4.4±0.3),(12.3± 0.8) min and traditional assessment (9.2± 0.8),(23.7± 1.1) min (P＜ 0.05).The time of pressure ulcer risk assessment module on pressure ulcer nursing management and nursing measures were (12.3±0.8) min,which was less than that of traditional paper pressure ulcer management (23.7 ± 1.1) min (t =36.941,P ＜ 0.05).Pressure ulcer risk assessment module improved the satisfaction of nursing staff towards pressure ulcer assessment and it increased by 45％ (x2=8.025,P＜0.05).Conclusions The establishment of this information module makes the risk management of pressure ulcer more effective,and the application of nursing information more extensive.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of single administration of mercury- containing preparation Jiuyi Dan (calcined gypsum-Shengdan 9: 1) and Shengdan on acute toxicity of rabbits, in order to assess the safety of tested drugs.

METHODThe rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: the calcined gypsum group (excipient control), the Jiuyi Dan group, the 90 mg Shengdan group and the 180 mg Shengdan group. After 270 mg of calcined gypsum, 300 mg of Jiuyi Dan, 90 mg of Shengdan, and 180 mg of Shengdan were used on the surface of wounds (5 cm x 5 cm) on two sides of rabbit back for 5 h, the surfaces of wound were washed by water. The bloods were taken from the rabbit hearts before and after the drug administration for 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d for determining Hg level in blood and liver & kidney function indicators (ALT, AST, CREAT, and BUN). The rabbits were dissected after the drugs treatment for 14 d, and pathological tests were made for their livers and kidneys.

RESULTCompared with the calcined gypsum group, the 90 mg Shengdan group and the 180 mg Shengdan group showed significant increase (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), as evidenced by increase in CREAT for 24 h and 72 h and increase in BUN for 24 h and on 7 d. AST is significantly increased as well (P < 0.01) for 24 h and 72 h compared to that of the group before drug treatment. The Hg level in blood was significantly enhanced (P < 0.01) after the rabbits were administrated with drugs for 24 h to 72 h. The pathological changes in livers and kidneys of rabbits were observed in the two doses of Shengdan treatment groups.

CONCLUSIONThe Hg blood levels were increased significantly in an obvious dose-effect relationship in all drugs treatment groups. Liver & kidney function indicators were influenced by Shengdan treatment to some extent. Meanwhile, pathological changes in rabbit livers and kidneys were also caused by Shengdan, while Jiuyi Dan has no significantly effect on livers and kidneys.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Creatinine ; blood ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Female ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mercury ; blood ; metabolism ; urine ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Skin ; drug effects ; injuries ; Time Factors ; Toxicity Tests, Acute

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of the blood and urine mercury (Hg) levels and liver & kidney functions of rabbits after administration of Jiuyi Dan (calcined gypsum-Sheng Dan 9: 1) for 1 month and the recovery of rabbits after the drug withdrawal.

METHODThe rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: the calcined gypsum group and the Jiuyi Dan group. After 36 mg of calcined gypsum and 40 mg of Jiuyi Dan were used on the surface of wound (5 cm x 5 cm) on one side of rabbit back for 4 h, the surfaces of wound were washed by saline. The bloods were taken from the rabbit hearts before and after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days, and after the drug withdrawal for 7, 40, 71, and 92 days for determining Hg level in blood, and liver & kidney function indicators (ALT, AST, CREAT and BUN). The Hg level in urine collected from bladders was examined while rabbits were dissected after the drug withdrawal for 1, 40, 71, and 92 days.

RESULTThe Hg level in blood was significantly increased (P < 0.01) after the rabbits were administrated with drugs for 14 and 28 days and after the drug treatment was stopped for 7 and 40 days. The Hg level in urine was significantly enhanced after the drug withdrawal for 1, 40, 71 days. However, the liver & kidney indicators were not influenced.

CONCLUSIONThe Hg level in rabbit blood and urine was significantly increased after the consecutive administration of double-dose Jiuyi Dan for 1 month. However, the blood Hg level and urine Hg level recover after the drug withdrawal for 71 days and 3 months, respectively. The liver & kidney indicators do not significantly change with the dose.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Creatinine ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Female ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mercury ; blood ; metabolism ; urine ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Skin ; drug effects ; injuries ; Time Factors

The amplifier is easy to saturation because of polarization voltage in ambulatory ECG acquisition. The traditional way is using analog high-pass filter to eliminate, but the output tends to have a residue. If upgrading high-pass filter cutoff frequency, it will lead to low frequency distortion of ECG signals. In this paper, a Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing filter has been designed by combining the single edge point and the polynomial order , which can fit the polarization voltage components of ECG signals, filter useful components and get drift-free ECG signals by using the subtraction algorithm. The results of ECG filtering experiment verify the feasibility of the SG smoothing filter, and show the filtered ECG signal without any losses of useful components.
Algorithms ; Amplifiers, Electronic ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To construct and implement the gastroenterology nursing quality monitoring index, and to improve the quality of nursing in the specialty. Methods A research team was formed to analyze the major problems in nursing quality according to the top 5 diseases in gastroenterology department. The research process was based on the characteristics of gastroenterology, focusing on nursing operating skills, diseases and complications and patient safety, in the methods of literature review and brain storm. Finally, a total of 6 specialist nursing quality monitoring indicators were established: the implementation rate of digestive endoscopy preoperative preparation, the incidence of hematemesis asphyxia, the plugging rate of nasal biliary (pancreatic) drainage; the incidence of perianal skin injury in diarrhea patients; the incidence of hypoglycemia in fasting patients and the satisfaction of pain management. The key content and scientific measurement of the indicators were clarified by retrospectively analyzing and comparing 6 monitoring indicators between 2014 and 2015, 2015 and 2016 respectively. The statistical methed used was χ2test. Results In 2015, all the indicators improved except the incidence of hematemesis asphyxia than those in 2014, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=34.710,9.223,7.834,5.547,32.899;P<0.05). In addition, all the 6 indicators improved than those in 2015, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=102.334,5.496,4.257, 3.953,39.191,192.910;P< 0.05). Conclusions The establishment of gastroenterology nursing quality monitoring indicators, the development of targeted care measures, and the continuous improvement in the quality of specialist nursing can improve the quality of nursing management.

Objective:This study examines the application of echocardiography in the prenatal diagnosis of copy number variation (CNV) associated with fetal congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 447 singleton pregnancies from Quanzhou Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Quanzhou Children's Hospital) from January 2019 to August 2022. These individuals underwent echocardiographic assessments suggestive of fetal CHD and subsequently received invasive prenatal diagnoses. Comprehensive karyotype analysis and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) were performed for each case. The discrepancies in the chromosomal abnormality detection were analyzed between the results produced by CMA and karyotype analysis. Furthermore, differences in the detection of pathogenic copy number variation (pCNV) between the two methods in CHD cases with diverse cardiac phenotypes, including the presence or absence of extracardiac structural malformations, the type, and quantity of cardiac structural anomalies, were explored. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. Results:Compared with conventional karyotype analysis, CMA demonstrated a higher detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities [10.5% (47/447) vs. 20.6% (92/447), χ 2=161.56, P<0.001]. In terms of distinct cardiac phenotypes, CHD cases with extracardiac structural anomalies displayed an escalated pCNV detection rate in comparison to isolated CHD cases [11.4% (45/394) vs. 32.1% (17/53), χ 2=16.68, P<0.001]. Within the cardiac structural anomaly subgroups, increased pCNV detection rates were observed in the septal defect subgroup, conotruncal malformation subgroup, and left ventricular malformation subgroup [18.4%(29/158), 25.9%(7/27), and 25.0%(7/28) vs. 7.6%(16/210); χ 2=9.15, 9.68, and 8.55, respectively, all P<0.05]. The CMA-identified pCNV correlated with CHD included 22q11.2 deletions/duplications in eight cases, 4p16.3 deletions in two cases, 11q23.3 microduplications in two cases, 1q21.1 microdeletions/microduplications in two cases, 4q28.3 microduplications in one case, and 10p15.3 microdeletions in one case. Conclusions:CMA technology exhibited an enhanced ability to detect pCNV in fetuses with CHD. Echocardiography can guide targeted CMA screening, thereby facilitating prenatal genetic assessment of CHD.

Objective To explore the application value of static progressive stretch(SPS)combined with step-wise progressive rehabilitation nursing in perioperative rehabilitation nursing of patients with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA).Methods From January 2022 to June 2023,a total of 74 patients who were scheduled to undergo UKA in the Department of Orthopedics of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing were selected by the convenient sampling method and divided into 2 groups by the random number table method,with 37 cases in each group.The experimental group was given step-by-step rehabilitation nursing combined with SPS technology,while the control group was only given step-by-step rehabilitation nursing,and the intervention lasted for 4 weeks.The knee joint activity,knee joint function score,comfort,and rehabilitation self-efficacy of the 2 groups were observed and measured before and after the intervention.Results Finally,35 patients were included in the experimental group and 36 patients in the control group.After the intervention,the knee joint range of motion,knee joint function score,comfort,rehabilitation self-efficacy and all dimensions and their total scores in the experimental group were higher than those before the intervention and those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion SPS combined with progressive rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve the knee joint function and range of motion of patients after UKA,improve the comfort of patients,improve their quality of life,and enhance their rehabilitation self-efficacy,which is helpful to achieve early recovery.