Objective:To investigate the possible role of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) 00602 in promoting browning in adipocytes induced by adenovirus type 36 (Ad36).Methods:According to Ad36 infection, adipose tissue samples of obese patients were divided into Ad36-negative group and Ad36-infected group. Realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the changes in the expression of LncRNA00602 mRNA in omental adipose tissue of the two groups, and analyze the differences between the two groups. The correlation between waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triacylglyceride and other indicators of the patients in the group with LncRNA00602 mRNA expression were analyzed. HE staining was used to detect the size of adipocytes in the omental adipose tissue of the Ad36 negative group and the Ad36 infection group. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) in omental adipose tissue of two groups of patients. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) were isolated and cultured, using Ad36 to induce differentiation, and divided into control group and LncRNA00602 knockdown group. On 0, 2, and 4 days after LncRNA00602 knockdown, fluoroboron dipyrrole (BODIPY) and mitochondrial red fluorescence (Mito-Tracker Red) were used to stain intracellular lipid droplets and mitochondria. At the same time, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect changes in the expression of UCP1 and PRDM16.Results:The expression of LncRNA00602 gene in the Ad36 infection group was higher than that in the Ad36 negative group (all P<0.05). The expression of LncRNA00602 in the Ad36 negative group was not significantly different from the above clinical indicators, while the expression of LncRNA00602 was negatively correlated with serum fasting blood glucose and triacylglyceride ( r=-0.522, -0.486, P<0.05) in the Ad36 infection group; HE staining showed that the average adipocyte area of the Ad36 infection group was smaller than that of the Ad36 negative group. At the same time, UCP1 and PRDM16 gene expression were higher than the negative group (all P<0.05). At the cellular level, on the 2nd and 4th days after knockdown of LncRNA00602, the lipid droplet area of adipocytes in the LncRNA00602 knockdown group was larger than that of the control group, the number of mitochondria decreased compared with the control group, and difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); Compared with the control group, there was significantly lower expression of the browning marker genes UCP1, PRDM16, and protein in the adipocytes in the LncRNA00602 knockdown group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:In Ad36-induced adipocyte differentiation, LncRNA00602 may positively regulate the expression of UCP1, PRDM16 and lipid droplet metabolism, and promote the browning of adipocytes.

Objective: To investigate the role of adenovirus type 36 (Ad36) in the browning of 3T3-L1 cells. Methods: BODIPY staining was performed on the 0, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th days of the cocktail induction (control) group and the cocktail plus Ad36 induction (experimental) group to observe the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells.The mRNA and protein expressions of uncoupling protein-1(Ucp1), ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, O subunit (Atp5o), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B(Cox5b), and perilipin were detected by real-time PCR and Western-blot. Results: The results of BODIPY staining showed that the lipid droplets in the control group gradually became larger with the differentiation of the cells, while the lipid droplets in the experimental group firstly became larger, and then appeared smaller after Ad36 was added on the fourth day. Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ucp1, Atp5o, and Cox5b in the experimental group were significantly increased while the expression level of perilipin was significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusion During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, Ad36 promotes its browning via increasing the expressions of Ucp1, Atp5o, and Cox5b.